Operation 'Dutu'

Chimwe chezviitiko zvinotyisa zveHondo yePatritic Patriotic ndiyo hondo yeMoscow. Kushanda Dutu - iyo inonzi inoshandiswa kubata Moscow mumabhuku eHitler. Moscow yaifanira kutorwa musati yasvika yechando. Moscow yaida kuva matongo, yakarongwa kutora hurumende yeSoviet. Kushanda kweTutu 1941 kwaizova kuguma kwehondo, asi zvirongwa zveHitler, nerufaro, hazvina kuzadzika. Zuva rokubatwa kweMoscow rakagadzwa musi waNovember 7. Zuva iri harina kusarudzwa nemukana - November 7 muUSSR yaiva holide yehurumende, zuva reGreat October Revolution.

Kushanda kweTutu kwakagadzirwa nenzira inotevera. Kutanga, simba rine simba nekushandiswa kwezvombo zvehondo zvinofanira kuitwa, izvo zvinotungamirira kumapapiro mukudzivirirwa kwemauto edu. Mushure mezvo, matangi aHitler nevana vaifamba navo vaifanira kuenda mberi ndokukomberedza mauto makuru evanhu vedu mumatunhu eVyazma neBryansk. Mushure memauto aya akaparadzwa, matangi eGermany nevana vaimhanyisa vaifanira kutora Moscow mumhete. I2 Panzer Group yaive yakakomberedza Moscow kubva kumaodzanyemba, mapoka matatu ne4 kubva kuchamhembe. Icho chikepe chaifanira kupinda kubva kumavirazuva.

Musi waSeptember 30, 2nd Panzer Group iri pasi pemurairo weGeneral Guderian yakatanga kushora mumunda weBryansk Front. Kushanda kweTutu kwakatanga. Mauto eGermany akawandisa zvikuru Soviet vose muhuwandu hwevanhu uye mune zvombo. Musi wa2 Gumiguru, mamwe maviri mauto ematangi akatanga kusvibisa. Mauto eSoviet akatanga kudzokera kuMoscow. Kushanda "Dutu guru" kwenguva yakati yakapfuura kubudirira - munaOctober, 7 pedyo neVyazma mune imwe nzvimbo nzvimbo yevaSoviet mauto yakatorwa. Musi waOctober 13, Rzhev yakatorwa. Musi waOctober 14 mapoka ematangi akatora Kalinin. Yakapoteredzwa neVyazma Soviet maikoni akavharidzirwa kumativi akawanda euto reGermany. Gumiguru 18 yakawa Mozhaisk. November 18 Kushanda Hurukuro inopinda muchikamu chechipiri.

Kuzvidzivirira kweguta guru kwakarayirwa naGK Zhukov. Pasi peutungamiri hwake, zvikamu zvitatu izvi zvakabatana mune imwe yekutanga - yeWestern. Musi waNovember 7, zuva raive zuva rezororo reSoviet vanhu, chikwata chemauto chakaitwa paRed Square, kubva mauto nevarwi vanoenda mberi mberi. Masimba eTransbaikalia, Central Asia, uye Far East akavabatsira. Yakagadzirirwa kupatsanurwa kwemauto evanhu, izvo zvakabva zvaenda mberi. Uyewo kubva kuvaya vakazvipira vakaumbwa hondo dzehondo, dzakanga dzabatanidzwa mukubata vasori vashori muguta. Nhamba huru yevakadzi veMoscow nevechiri kuyaruka vakabatanidzwa pakuvaka zvivako zvekudzivirira. VaGermany vakakwanisa kupfuurira zvakanyanya zvokuti kuMoscow kune makiromita makumi matatu. Stalin mumazuva iwayo akaoma akasarudza kugara muMoscow.

Musi waDecember 4 kusvika ku5, kufambira mberi kwevaGerman kwakamira. Basa reTyphoon rakakundikana. Musi waDecember 5, mauto eGeneral Konev akatanga mutsigiri, uye musi waDecember 6 mauto aZhukov akayambuka zvakare. Mauto eGermany akatanga kudzoka. Vanofambisa nevanoridza vanhu vakatumirwa kunzvimbo dzekudzokera kune mauto eFascist. Hondo yeFascist yakatambura zvikuru. Vanhu chete, hondo yeGermany yakarashika inenge hafu yemamiriyoni. Kurasikirwa kwemauto eSoviet kwaivewo kukuru.
Kushanda kweTutu yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri yaiva fiasco, uye yakanga yakakosha zvikuru. Chirongwa chekukunda kwemheni chakakundwa.

Kwenguva yekutanga hondo yeHitleriti yakanga isingagoni kuzadzisa chinangwa chayo chaidiwa. Zvakazoitika kuti mauto eGermany haasakwaniki zvachose. Zvakatora minda yakawanda, yakanga yava kudzokera shure kusati kwasara kweSoviet vanhu. Somugumisiro, hondo yakatambanudzirwa pamusoro, yakanga isingakwanisi kukunda kusati kwatanga kwechando, uye zvino Hitler aifanira kurwisana munguva yechando muRussia. Vanhu veSoviet vakaratidza ushingi hwavo, kugadzirira kwemauto ose kurwisana kusvika pakupedzisira kwake kunyika yake. Ushingi hwake hwakazozivikanwa munyika yose.