The Marshall Plan - anobudirira zvikuru chirongwa chinobatsira munhau zvoupfumi

The Second World War yakapera. migumisiro yacho Europe dzakanga zvinotyisa. Emamiriyoni evanhu vakaurayiwa, rakaparadzwa akawanda dzimba kudanda, okurima kugadzirwa haawanzotauri yakasvika 70% of pre-hondo chechetere.

Uchitikurudzira zvoupfumi nezvinhu nokuda zvikuru kuchinja inofungidzirwa vaiva 1 mabhiriyoni 440 pre-hondo mafranc. Pasina rubatsiro rwokunze, nyika sei nehondo, kugona kugadzirisa matambudziko. Chinhu icho rubatsiro inofanira kuzivikanwa Marshall Plan, ainzi pashure initiator wayo, US munyori wehurumende uye pamudyandigere nemauto George C. Marshall.

Europe yakanga muzvikamu zviviri, rokumabvazuva aiva nokure zvinoitwa USSR uye paitonga Stalin hutungamiri haringandivanzi utsinye hwake vakasununguka kumusika hurongwa, uyewo chinangwa chokuunza mugovanisi maitiro munyika dzose European.

Against kumashure ichi, rinoita basa, izvo vanonzi "vasara." The Communist Party, vachitsigirwa Soviet Union, akatanga kuwana ivhu, mukurumbira wavo akakura.

Panguva iyi, US akatanga kunzwa ngozi vaKomonisiti vakauya simba mundima ivo kudzora muWestern Europe.

The Marshall Plan hwaiva akabudirira zvikuru akaziva chirongwa kuti vabatsirwe mune zvoupfumi munhoroondo yevanhu.

Army mukuru, uyo akava Munyori weHurumende pasi Truman, George. Marshall haana dzidzo zvoupfumi. Madzibaba chaiye kuronga raiva George. Kennan uye chikwata chake, vakashanda kunze dzinokosha nezveupenyu kwayo Implementation. Kudziridza matanho kuderedza Soviet kuchinja Western Europe, apo, panyaya vaKomonisiti vakauya simba, United States aigona kurasikirwa anokosha - Ivo achangobva tasked pamisika, uye mune ramangwana nechiso uye yakananga nemauto ngozi.

Somugumisiro, nezvoupfumi akarondedzera gwaro rinonzi "Marshall Plan." In kwayo Implementation kunyika gumi European vakagamuchira rubatsiro zvachose zvinosvika mabhiriyoni 17 emadhora. Zvisinei, Marshall Chirongwa aisanganisira kwete kuparadzira zvinhu uye decumulation mari America, kubatsira inopiwa achiita zvaidiwa kunyatsoteerera chaizvo, dzakadai rutapudzo netsika mabasa, Kurambwa pamusoro nationalization akaitwa uye rutsigiro zvoupfumi misimboti pamusika anotsanangura, zvinogona kugamuchira democratic nyika chete. 17% of mari yakagamuchirwa dzave kushandiswa kutenga kugadzirwa michina.

Sam Dzhordzh Marshall paHarvard kutaura June 5, 1947 akaratidza musimboti US voruzhinji Mutemo muchiuto zvakajeka. Pakurwisa komiyunizimu hazvibviri kana Europe achava simba.

The Marshall Plan - inobudirira kuedza kuzoita munyika hondo-sei, uye 1950 ivo vakapfuura prewar pamwero okurima uye mumaindasitiri kugadzirwa.

Part of rubatsiro anopiwa pachena, asi vakanga kunyanya zvikwereti yakaderera prices.

The Marshall Plan paakatsoropodzwa kubudikidza utungamiriri USSR uye nyika dzokuEastern Europe kuti "vanhu kusununguka", asi akaita mana chete kukwana gore macroeconomic zviratidzi zvoga. Padanho pokudzora rechiKomonisiti mapato akatanga nokukurumidza kuvira, uye America ndina pamusika yakakura nokuda nhumbi dzayo.