The chinhu wemagariro evanhu

Wemagariro evanhu ari sainzi pamusoro nzanga. The yezvinoreva kuranga chinosanganisira nomumwe masangano (dzetsika, mutemo, hurumende, etc.), pezvakaitwa uye vanhu vomunharaunda. Nyaya yokudana wakatangwa kuti nesayenzi pakati pezana remakore rechi19, muvambi positivism, Ogyust Kont (nyanzvi French).

Chinhu, pasi uye kushanda wemagariro evanhu

Wokutanga pfungwa zvinoratidza pakutsvakurudza rinotungamirirwa. The chinhu nezvemagariro evanhu, uyewo mamwe sayenzi magariro, chinhu evanhu chaichoicho. Muchiitiko chino, kazhinji kufanana nzvimbo kutsvakurudza uye nezvimwe anoranga (mutemo, ethnography, nhoroondo, uzivi, uye vamwe).

Chinhu uye nyaya enyika nezvemagariro evanhu - pfungwa yakasiyana. Kuti inorondedzera wokutanga, hazvizovi zvakakwana kuziva wechipiri. Nyaya sayenzi ndiyo zvose ukama uye ukama kuti zvinoumba chinangwa pakudzidza. Chirango, vakawanda, iri kudzidza kuvimbika nzanga chete muviri, ukama mairi.

evanhu chinhu ndiyo imwe nharaunda ukoshi. It ane hama kuvimbika uye kukwana.

The chinhu wemagariro evanhu - kuchikonzerwa vanhu. Kudzidza anokanda hwokuziva kupokanidzana, matambudziko, pasi ongororo yesayenzi. Pamwe chete ichi evanhu chinhu kunogona kuva chero paruzhinji divi chokwadi. Asi ichi chichava zvinogoneka chete pashure pacho vachamutswawo mu zvatinokanganisa, akanzwisisa uye akasimbisa.

Kuramba Sociological ruzivo rusununguko ine muzvizhinji pamusoro quantitative uye Qualitative maitiro. Inogona kuongorora sayenzi munzanga dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, nzanga rinoongorora uzivi, upfumi enyika, zvepfungwa, nhoroondo, political sainzi. Nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu dziri dzinounzwa mune chinhu chaizvo mafungiro avo uye unhu hunodiwa mubishi kwokudzidza mananara evanhu upenyu, kudzidza, maumbirwo, kushanda uye kugadzira mumagariro hurongwa. The Hurongwa vangazivikanwa mumatanho akasiyana-siyana chokwadi. Panyaya iyi, kukura mubvunzo mumwe kana nyaya chinowanzoitika kukumbira akasiyana evanhu zvivako.

Kudzidza zvinokosha zvivako uye ukama munyaya mamwe chikamu chirango. Saka nyaya inopa Zvivako uye akaita izvozvo (chinhu) ehupfumi, uyewo hunhu matambudziko ne mutsvakurudzi. Wandei kukosha ndiwo mwero zivo yesayenzi uye unyanzvi zivo riwanikwe mutsvakurudzi.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chimwe chidzidzo evanhu chinhu dzimwe nguva kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana, nyaya yokudzidza apo rinoreva kumuganhu. zvatinorambidzwa izvi uye kuitwa chidzidzo chacho. Maererano netsika, kuziva nzvimbo ruzivo, ziva chinoumba, mumwe kana vamwe munzanga mananara. Kazhinji, izvi zvinosanganisira evanhu ukama, kudyidzana kwevanhu, kwemasayendisiti munharaunda uye zvichingodaro.

Chinangwa, nzanga zvinosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana munharaunda. It tinoberekwa (mukati) kuchiitwa yokuunza vanhu pamwe chete. Nyaya iyi iri chokuita vakawanda zvavo, zvakananga zvinhu. Pakati vemunharaunda, mukati mavo, pakati wacho uye vanhuwo chaivo simuka ukama siyana. Muchiitiko chino, ukama nomumwe, chokuita mumwe kana mumwe Chiitiko evanhu, ndiye pasi kuitwa zvimwe dzinokura mapatani. Zvakanga avo vanoumba chadzainyanya pakudzidza Sociological nesayenzi.

Vatsvakurudzi kwakasiyana yezvinoreva kudzidza richinzi zvakasiyana. Zvikurukuru, izvi imhaka yokuti pfungwa rwakabhadharwa kuna dzisakarurama kumativi upenyu wacho uye munzanga, ukama, maitiro uye chiito. Wemagariro evanhu zvinosanganisira vakawanda dzakasiyana. Vakatsunga ne zvakasiyana nzira kuti adzidze evanhu upenyu hwose muvanhu.