Nhetembo yaNikolai Gogol "Mweya Yakafa". Vakuru vemuzvinyorwa zvebasa racho

Nhetembo mumutauro "Vakafa Vakafa" - basa guru pakati pebasa reumwe wevanyori vekare uye vane mavara eRussia - Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol.

Gogol segirazi reRussia landownership

Mune basa "Mweya Yakafa" vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa - vamiririri veimwe yezvikamu zvitatu zvehurumende yeRussia yehafu yekutanga yezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe - varidzi venyika. Mamwe mapoka maviri-mahofisi uye mahara-anoratidzirwa zvisinganzwisisiki, asina mavara chaiwo anowanikwa mumutauro waGogol, asi varidzi venyika ... Mubasa iri munhu anogona kuona zvipfeko zvavo zvakasiyana, vanhu uye tsika. Chimwe nechimwe chavo chinomiririra imwe rudzi rweutera hwevanhu, kunyangwe vadzidzisi vemuvanhu vemukirasi ino (maererano nezvinoonekwa nemunyori): dzidzo shoma, pfungwa dzakapfava, makaro, kukakavara. Ngatitorei zvakanyanya kwavari.

Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol, "Dead Souls". Vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa

Hapana chidipo pano kuti chirondedzere nheyo yerondedzero muprose, sezvo izvi zvichitsvaga nyaya yakasiyana. Ngatitaurei kuti mumwe munhu anonzi Chichikov, nemazuva ano ari mukomana chaiye - ane mafungiro, anofungidzira, ane mafungiro ekutanga, anonyanya kufambidzana uye, kunyanya kukosha, asina unhu hwakakwana-anosarudza kutenga "mweya yakafa" kubva kune vashandi venyika kuitira kuti avashandise se Mortgage, pasi peyo unogona kutenga musha chaiye nevarimi vanogara venyama neropa.

Kuti agadzirise hurongwa hwake, Chichikov anotenderera vachengeti veminda uye anotenga kubva kwavari "vafa" varidzi (mazita akanyorwa mumitero inoshandiswa). Pakupedzisira, anozviwana ari pachena uye anopukunyuka kubva muguta reNN mumotokari inotakurwa ne "matatu-shiri".

Kana tikakurukura kuti ndivanaani vanyori vemufambiro Vakafa Vakafa, ipapo mupi wezano wevamwe vevadzidzi Va Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov vachatora pasina mubvunzo kutungamirira mazita avo.

Mifananidzo yevaridzi venyika

Nhamba yechipiri inoda kutaura muridzi weimba Manilov - murume ane manzwiro, anozvikudza, asina chinhu, asi asingakuvadzi. Anotarisa zvinyararire, agere paimba yake, achitarisa hupenyu kuburikidza nemirazi yakasvibirira uye kuvaka zvirongwa zvisingatarisirwi zvemangwana. Uye kunyange zvazvo Manilov isingakwikwi tsitsi rukuru, iye haasi iye unhu husingafadzi humwe nhetembo vakafa. Vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa, vachionekwa pamberi pevaverengi vachiwedzera, havakwanisi kukuvadza.

Bhokisi - mukadzi akwegura uye ane pfungwa shoma. Zvisinei, anoziva bhizinesi rake zvakanaka uye anochengetedza mari yake kubva kumuduku wake zvakasimba mumakumbo ake akaoma. Anotengesa Chichikov shower for fifteen rubles, uye chinhu chimwe chete chinomunyadzisa mumutambo uyu unoshamisa ndiwo mutengo. Muridzi weimba anonetseka, zvisinei kuti akadhura zvakadini.

Kuenderera mberi pakurongwa pasi pemusoro unoti "Mweya Yakafa" - vanhu vanonyanya kukosha ", zvakakodzera kutaura nezvebhejeri uye muchengeti Nozdrev. Anorarama zvakanyanya, achifara uye anonzwika. Upenyu hwakadaro hunowanzowira mukati mehutano hunogamuchirwa, nokuti uyu mwene weimba ari pasi pekuedzwa.

Kutevera Nozdrev tinosangana neSobakevich ane utsinye uye akasindimara, "kulak nechikara", maererano nekududzira kwaChichikov. Iye zvino aizotumidzwa "murume ane bhizinesi rakasimba."

Uye inovhara vatengesi vakawanda ve "mweya mweya" inorwadza zvikuru Plyushkin. Uyu muridzi weimba aiva nesimba guru rekuda kwake kwekuda kwekuti iye akarasikirwa nehupenyu hwake hwevanhu, chero zvakadaro, pakutanga kuona kuti hazvibviri kutsanangura unhu hwake hwepabonde uye hwemagariro - ihwo humwe rudzi rwechimiro mumakumbo.

Mukuwedzera kwavari, Nikolai Vasilievich anotaura nezvevamiririri veimwe makirasi: vakuru vakuru nemadzimai avo, varimi, varwi, asi vagari vepanzvimbo mubasa Basa reMweya Mweya inonyanya kukosha. Zvinokurumidza kujekesa kuti idzi mweya yavo yakafa, uye kwete yegore rokutanga, uye iri pamusoro pavo kuti ziso rinopfungidzirwa remunyori uye peni yake yakakosha inangwa.