Nhoroondo yeLeskov, munyori weRussia wezana remakore rechi19

Nikolai Semenovich Leskov (1831-1895) munyori mukuru weRussia , munyori wekusafa kusingafi pamusoro paLevsha nemamwe mabasa akawanda aisanganisira muIndaneti Mari yeRussia Literature. Urwere uye hutano Leskov akapinda muimba yehama, vaduku vakuru. Baba vangu vakanga vari pabasa mumusasa wedare uye vakanga vaita basa rokuongorora, pakange pasina nguva yakasara yeimba. Apo nguva yekusununguka yakauya, Baba Leskov unhurriedly vakasiya basa rake risingadiwi uye vakatenga purazi duku rePanino munharaunda yeOrel. Yaiva panguva iyoyo iyo biography yemunyori Leskov, yakaoma uye inopesana, yakatanga. Murenje rakanyanyisa rekugara kwemisha, chikwata ichikura Nikolai Leskov akazoziva nzira yeupenyu hwekuRussia inotyisa, yakaremara uye ine nzara.

Kutsamwa kwaNikolai Leskov

Nikolai Leskov, uyo anorondedzera makore ake ainyatsotsanangura, akadzidza mumitambo yekutamba kusvikira ava nemakore gumi nematanhatu, uye, zvichida, angadai akakwanisa kuwana dzidzo yakanaka, asi baba vake vakangoerekana vafa. Kuti rive pamusoro, moto wakapera purazi nokukurumidza, imba yacho yakapiswa uye pamwe nayo yose iyo pfuma. Kuti ave nemamwe mararamiro ehutano uye kutsigira amai vane chirwere chisina simba, jaya racho rakapinda muimba yekutonga yeruwa reOrel, uko baba vake vaimboshanda. Basa rake raibatanidza basa rehofisi, uye nekuda kwezvakasikwa, Nikolai Leskov akaunganidza zvinhu zvakawanda, izvo akazoshandisa kunyora manyozha, nyaya uye nyaya. Leskov's biography pamapeji ake anoratidza nguva yose yebasa rake muhutongi.

Muna 1849, wechiduku Leskov akangoerekana atambira kutsigirwa kubva munin'ina wamai vake, Kiev scientist S. Alferiev. Pachikumbiro chehama huru, akaendeswa kuKiev ndokutanga kushanda muimba yepfuma yeguta sechinyorwa chakanaka. Akararama nababamunini vake, avo vaive nyanzvi yezvechiremba wehutano pamusoro pehuwandu hweKeis region yose. Muimba nguva dzose vakaunganidza ruvara rose rwevadzidzisi veKiev, uye kwete chirwere chete. Kuvonga kune vatsva vanoziva, Leskov's biography nokukurumidza kuzadza nemapeji anofadza. Akataurirana nevanhu vakadzidza sechipupuriro vachigamuchira ruzivo rwaaida kugovana naye. Munyori weramangwana akaziva ruzivo rweTaras Shevchenko mukuru, akabatwa neKiichi tsika, akatanga kudzidza maumbirwo eguta rekare.

Muna 1857, Nikolay Leskov akabva mubasa rehurumende uye akaendeswa kune kambani yekugadzirisa mhuri yevarimi kunyika itsva. Basa racho rakanga risina nyore, pakudzorerwa kwevatorwa vaitofanira kufamba munyika yose yeRussia. Zvinyorwa zvemangwana zvinoshanda Leskov akazviunganidza iye oga. Uye muna 1860 Leskov's biography yakazara nejiji idzva, anova munyori. Mukutanga kwe1861, munyori wechidiki akatamira kuSt. Petersburg, achisarudza zvakasimba kuzvipira kune zvenhau. Zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvakanga zviri muOtechestvennye zapiski. Zvadaro Leskov akabudisa nyaya dzakawanda uye nyaya, kusanganisira "Lady Macbeth weMtsensk", "Robber", "Upenyu hweMukadzi".

Mabasa ezviitiko zvezvinyorwa zvemunyori Nikolay Leskov uye anozoshanda zvakare

Muna 1862, Leskov akashandurwa mumusangano we "Northern Bee" semunyori. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti, zvinyorwa zveLeskov zvishomanana hazvina zvese zvaakagadzirisa munyaya yevhangeri. Somunyori, akashanyira nyika dzakawanda dzeEurope, kusanganisira Czech Republic nePoland. Uyewo Nikolay Leskov vakashanyira Paris. Rwendo rwakareba mwedzi yakareba kuburikidza neEurope rwakagadzira nheyo yemanano Skirted uye The Knives. Chirongwa chemabasa aya chinobva pakusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika ezvematongerwo enyika ane mapiro anonongedza emasimba ayo.

Nzvimbo inokosha mubasa remuunyori yaive yakabatwa nemutsananguro Pamusoro peKnives, yakabudiswa muna 1870 mushure mekugadziriswa kwakawanda uye kuchinja. Leskov pachake akataura nezvemhanzi iyo yakaipisisa yemabasa ake. Zvizhinji gare gare, muna 1881, yakabudiswa nyaya "Tale yeTula oblique Lefty nemafuta ematare," ayo akazopikisa mabhuku akawanda. Mushure me "Lefty," munyori akatanga kutenderera kune utapi wenhau, satirical uye utsinye. Leskov akarondedzera mabasa ake "Zuva Remazuva" uye "Zagon" sevanyengeri, asi haana kuinyora zvakare. Mumwe weNicholas Leskov's later rivals, Dhiyabhorosi Dolls, wakarambidzwa zvachose nekutsoropodza. Izvo zvakaitika zvakazadza nyaya "Hare Hare yekuyeuka." Kuguma kwema80s kwaiva nguva yakaoma kune munyori mubasa rake. Mukuwedzera, hutano hwake hwakawedzera zvakanyanya, Leskov akawana asthma, uye muna 1895 akafa.