Vanosiya Chitendero Chavo Ndokuchinjira - ndiwo chikamu tsika dzechitendero

Evanhu vemazuva ano, dambudziko muchitendero sarudzo chichiri chikonzero nenharo. Vanosiya Chitendero Chavo Ndokuchinjira - iri vanoziva kurambwa murume kubva chitendero, izvo zviri pamutemo akagamuchira vanhu. Pakutanga pfungwa iyi kushayiwa pachake kunaka, zvichireva kana rinoshandurwa kubva muchiGiriki, "nokuti", "mirayiridzo". Asi kunyange panguva yeTestamende Itsva makara yava chaizvo kunaka. mamiriro ezvinhu aya kwave zvinosiyana zvinhu zvenyika uye nezvebasa rinokosha kereke pamutemo, akanga zvokunamata chete asiwo simba nezvepanyama.

Zvinokonzera dzidziso dzakatsauka

Dambudziko chaizvoizvo raiparadzanisa vatendi kubva chechi akatanga kubuda ari XI remakore, kwakaratidzwa kuwanika Western Europe dzidziso dzinopesana pamwe chete Catholic Church. kurovedza kwakadaro inodiwa yokubvisa pakudzorwa chechi imwe chete. Kutanga kubva XV remakore, zvakanzi vaiita Raibvunzurudza. zvino tinoziva zvakawanda rezvapupu, vakaurayiwa utsinye sangano iri. Zvinokonzera dzakatsveyama vavete zvinotevera:

1. kukura mumaguta.

2. yavaive wezvizvarwa ari mukirasi chaiyo.

3. yakakomba ingabatanidza kundorwa feudal nemadzishe uye vatongi vari pasi.

mangwanani mirayiridzo

Kunowanzotangira dzinotsaudza mu Europe vakatanga chete nyika avo, mazhinjisa acho akanga ava upenyu guta. Izvi zvinosanganisira France, Italy, Germany, Holland. Chii vaiva vokutanga Ages manyepo? Chekutanga, havana akasiyana chaizvo mapoka sangano. Saka, Vatsauki inozivikanwa kwazvo kuti nguva vaiva Albigenses. Vakapamura kubva chechi akadana manyepo ari Cathars. kungoerekana ruva ravo, Ungangove, yave chokuita Hondo Tsvene. Masayendisiti raiwanika kuMabvazuva, pawakanga uchikudziridzwa vokuEurope. Albigenses aiti kuti zvose zvakamupoteredza chinhu chakaipa, kubva izvo zvinofanira kusiyiwa. Saka, vakaramba mashoko anozviramba nzira youpenyu, umo zvaibvira kubvisa zvose mashoko. Kwavari manyepo - hazvina kudzidzisa chete, asi mararamiro.

maonero aya anogona pakarepo ona duality, mumwe duality: pane nguva dzose hondo pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa, upenyu norufu, urombo uye upfumi. Zvisinei, pasinei nechido mari-grubbing, isu vanoomerera tsika dzidziso iyi, chete misoro kudzidzisa. Kuwedzera kirasi pakati, vachitsigirwa ne Cathars uye mupfumi feudal madzishe avo vaiita Pfungwa zvenyika kunyika chechi. Apo albigoets pedyo nokuguma rwendo rwoupenyu, iye akaita tsika yokuzvinatsa, pashure iyo yakava "vakakwana".

Waldenses uye dzidziso dzavo

Vanosiya Chitendero Chavo Ndokuchinjira - ndiko kwaita kuitika vatsva chitendero. Nokudaro, manyepo yevaWaldensia akava denda chaiye nzanga iri XII remakore. It vakagamuchira zita raro nokuda kwezita zvomutengesi, uyo akapa zvose zvavo varombo. Pakuti muurombo, dzidziso iyi yava yakakurumbira kudaro pakati plebeians, izvo akasika matambudziko yokukurumidza chechi pamutemo. The Waldensians akarwa kusaruramisira uye kusaruramisira upenyu, chokuita zvikurukuru kushatirwa ari feudal madzishe. Pakutanga vateveri dzidziso iyi inonzi wekuLyons varombo, kunyange vari vakapararira zvose pamusoro kumaodzanyemba kweFrance uye Germany.

Manyepo mukutenda kwechiKristu

ChiKristu - mumwe reservoirs pakukura theism. Naizvozvo, nhamba rinotsemuka vakasiyana zvakanga uye chichava guru. manyepo wechiKristu unogona kukamurwa mapoka. Matavi pakukura vanoonekwa woUtatu, Christological uye Gnostic.

DzevaGnostic aiva maonero yose, iyo inobva pakudavira naMwari kwakabva murume, sakaramendi ukama hwake naMwari. Youtatu dzidziso inobva kusarurama zvinozivikanwa zvose kunzwisisa Holy Trinity akatendeka. Somuenzaniso, vakaedza kuronga tichibatsirwa dzidziso "Logos yokukakavadzniswa" vaGiriki vekare, izvo zvakaita kuti kunyange zvakawanda kuvhiringidzika. Christological manyepo, Ukuwo, zvazvinoita chete nzvimbo Jesu Kristu ari negadziriro nyaya dzemubhaibheri.

Zvarakasiya muna Orthodoxy

The Orthodox Church haana vadarika chinonakidza dzinotsaudza. Kazhinji zviri zvoga Strigolniki uye vaJudha. Strigolniki akazviratidza muPskov muzana remakore rechigumi nemashanu. Vakaramba vari abolition evanoita zvepfumbamuromo pakati vemachechi uye vakatsoropodza zvizere chokwadi vakuru. Somugumisiro, vakaparadzaniswa kubva pamutemo yeOrthodox, nekuti havadi kucherechedza vadzidzisi vavo kuita mabhishopi nevafundisi. Ivo akaramba, uye kuenda temberi. It supersedes yayo muunganidzwa, sezvo nheyo kuita munharaunda, apo Elder akasarudzwa.

Pakutanga Dzidziso dzakatsauka vaJudha akataura seboka zita rinotsemuka siyana kubva Orthodoxy. Gare gare, muna nemasere remakore, anowanikwa ari kunyatsoenderana dudziro, kureva vateveri KC jja R uye "Sabbatarians". Recent vaiona zvechokwadi chete Yekare uye zvinotarisirwa nokusvika muponesi zvose hwake.

Saka, manyepo - iri chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda chaizvo pfungwa rinosanganisira siyana zvaunotenda. Nokufamba kwenguva, iri kuramba kuitwa dzakachinjwa, munyika yanhasi, kuva chikamu chikuru bhaira worldviews.