Hondo Yenyika II - zviri ... Vangani mudzimba hondo munhoroondo Russia

Apo, munguva yehondo rwose anomuka kudzivirira kumusha, zvisinei mukirasi uye upfumi, zvino anonzi anopfuyiwa. Nemamwe mashoko, War World - ndiwo vanhu kana vari kurwira nyika yavo, nokuti ayo rusununguko uye kusunungurwa kubva vanopinda nechisimba havasi nokugombedzerwa, asi maererano nezvavanotenda uye tsika dzakanaka.

Vangani muhondo kuRussia vanoonekwa zvemumba

The Russian National yakatanga inonzi hondo Napoleon. Official mitemo epamba chinzvimbo akamuka hondo mbiri:

1. Patriotic Hondo 1812.
2. The Great Patriotic War.

Uye muna 1812, uye muna 1945 vanhu Russia akakunda muvengi, vakarwira rusununguko avo ehurumende. Mauto Russian akamboforesa kuParis muna 1814. A yakafanana mukukunda yaiva Berlin muna 1945. kukunda uku arasikirwe nyika yaro vanhu makakatanwa makuru.

Kunze chokwadi kuti hondo idzi akatora guru mari uye pfuma, kurasikirwa kukuru kwaiva kurasikirwa zviuru (1812-1814) uye mamiriyoni (1941-1945) vanhu. Pasinei neizvi, Russia akadzivirira statehood wayo, uye somugumisiro okukunda izvi raiva guru simba nyika simba.

Napoleon yokurwiswa kwakaitwa mauto Russian

hondo reRussia pamwe France pashure 1810 yaiva munzira dzakawanda hakudzivisiki geopolitical zvikonzero, asi wevakadzidza hwaro kutanga kwayo kwaiva kutyora chibvumirano pakati Tilsit. Zvakatanga August 12, 1812, apo mauto Napoleon kuti akabata Russian nhare Kovno. Wokutanga kurwisana kwakauya zuva. Kuwanda mauto akanga vanhu 240,000.

The Russian mauto haina zvakamushamisa nokuda kwacho, sezvo zvose zvinogumbura uye kuzvidzivirira urongwa hondo Napoleon nemauto vaionekwa kubva 1810. kurwa rokutanga shure mberi Napoleon aiva nevarwi 1 ST uye 2 nd it Army. First Army inotungamirirwa Barclay of Tolly, uye wechipiri - Bagration. Uwandu vehondo yakanga 153,000, yakanga vakapakata 758 pfuti.

Remagandanga hondo sezvo chikamu National

Chimwe chimiro kuramba Napoleon vemauto ehondo aiva remagandanga sangano. By Mutongo kweuto Russian dzakatangwa Mobile dzakabatana, izvo zvinobudirira kushanda ari muvengi shure. Asi pachavo, pasina kutsigira chavagari, havangakwanisi kuita mabasa avo. Support vanhu kwakaratidza kuti kuramba Napoleon - chaiyo World War II. Izvi rave vaudzewo uye varwi - vanhuwo zvavo vaiitawo mukurwa, uye vaya akapa hondo wokuRussia uye guerrillas zvokudya zvevanhu nezvemhuka.

Vanhuwo zvavo munzira dzose sabotaged murayiro uye zvikumbiro kubva French. Vakaramba kuvapa zvokudya - vakapisa reserves zvavo zvose, saka havasi kuwana chero muvengi. Kutombotsva misha yavo, uye ipapo vakaenda musango uye nokugadzira partisans. Magamba Hondo Yenyika II muna 1812, akatora chikamu mune partisan kufamba:

• Seslavin Alexander Nikitich;
• Denis Vasilevich Davydov;
• Ivan Semenovich Dorokhov;
• Alexander Samoylovich Figner.

Muchidimbu pamusoro Hondo 1812

kokutanga hondo French akatora Russian nzvimbo. Kana murayiro kweuto Russian inotungamirirwa Mikhail Kutuzov, nzira akabvumira kukunda muvengi yambokurukurwa. The shure of Moscow kwakabatsira kuponesa mauto vakarongeka uye kumisa kufambira mberi Napoleon zvakadzika Russia.

Famous Tarutino kufambisa Kutuzov - kuenda nokuda Moscow pashure Hondo Borodino uye kumisa hondo musasa Tarutino - akabvumira kuti vavimbezve hondo. Tarutino vakarwa zvikuru Russian oparesheni yokutanga kuti vakauya undoubted kukunda. Mumakore Hondo Yenyika II yakanga pamwero mukuru hondo anenge gumi kuti kukanganiswa vadzore:

• pana Moleva Marsh;
• pasi tsvuku;
• pamusoro Smolensk;
• Valutina mumakomo;
• Borodino;
• pa Tarutino;
• Maloyaroslavets.

akagumisa kurwisana Napoleon nemauto muna May 1814 mushure Kuregwa Paris uye kusaina ane runyararo chibvumirano. Uto Russian akamboforesa muParis. Zvisinei, ichi hachisi Hondo Yenyika II, mumwe nzendo kusunungurwa Europe. A Hondo 1812 gore, akapa Manifesto Alexander I, rakapera pashure hondo iri 14-16 November pedyo norwizi Berezina. Hondo 1812 - ichi chinoratidza ushingi vemauto uye akachenjera zano, uye kushandisa vanhu vose, masimba ose kuramba muvengi.

Great Patriotic War

Germany, pasina chokuita norugare chibvumirano yakasainwa muna 39th gore, muna June, yakanga yatyora miganhu kumuganhu Soviet Union. June 22, the Great Patriotic Hondo 1941-1945. Zvirongwa vaHitler envisaged blitzkrieg - mheni tsamwisa uye kupambwa Soviet Union muna mishomanana. Kwakadaro nzira Hitler akashandisa kubvira 39th, izvo akamutendera akakunda hafu Europe.

Zvisinei, mune hondo kuzorwa neSoviet, zano iri haana abhadhare. Paaiva mumakore Hondo Yenyika II (1941-1942) mangwanani mauto eGermany akakwanisa kuhwina wandei kundima, asi haina dzinoenderana urongwa "Barbarossa". Hurongwa ichi akadana kuguma remapazi nemauto pakazopera 1941, uye Russia, panguva iyoyo, aifanira nokusingaperi inonyangarika enyika mepu dzenyika.

Vanhu Soviet akaratidza kuti Guru Patriotic War - zvechokwadi hondo vanhu vake. Risingaenzaniswi heroism uto kudziviswa mberi kumabvazuva mauto eGermany. Uyewo, emagandanga zviumbu wakarovererwa pasi masimba chikuru Wehrmacht, akaita zvakaoma kupa zvokudya uye zvombo. Zvinhu izvi vakarega vaifanira kunetesa kurwisa, -wedzera uto mukana, uye kuti vavimbezve hondo.

Kuratidzwa Soviet vanhu munguva yehondo heroism

The Great Patriotic War akazivisa zvakanaka unhu vanhu veSoviet. Akagadzirira kuzvinyima nokuda yokumusha kwavo uye ushingi - izvi unhu havasi Kusara asi chakaipa nazvo. Magamba Hondo Yenyika II - kune mamiriyoni evanhu. vanhu vanopfuura 11 zviuru paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union. Munguva 1941-1945. Rakanga vakashumira vanenge mamiriyoni 38 zvirevo uye Medals. A rinokosha akanga paakavapa paakanga afa.

mabhuku akawanda anotsanangura dzezvakaitwa Hondo Yenyika II, filmed yakawanda mafirimu, iyo inoratidza mabasa heroism ravarwi Soviet uye partisans. Mumwe chakajeka mienzaniso ushingi:

• Feat Matrosov. muviri wake wakafukidzwa muvengi BUNKER regai chikwata chake kuti aite kurwisana basa.
• Feat Gastello. Frantsevich Nicholas akasvetuka kubva unopfuta ndege, uye akamutuma makobvu mauto uye midziyo muvengi.
• Feat Catherine Zelenko. Muhondo, kana ndege yake akasiya pasina huni, iye akaenda gondohwe uye yakarohwa neimwe murwi muvengi.

Chronology rehondo

Kubva ruvengo mauto eSoviet vakarwa hondo kuzvidzivirira uye vakamanikidzwa shure. Pakupera 1942 - kutanga muna 1943 akakwanisa kutanga muhondo pamusoro. Stalingrad uye Kursk hondo vakanga wekushanduka. The Great Patriotic Hondo 1941-1945. Ndinoyeuka zviitiko zvakadai muSoviet Union:

• June 22, 1941 - munyengeri nechisimba mauto eGermany.
• Kubva June kuna September 1941 Minsk, Vilnius, Riga, Talin, Kiev yakatorwa.
• Kubva July 10 September 10, 1941 rwakatora Hondo Smolensk.
• September 1941-27 January 1944 acharamba blockade kuti Leningrad.
• September 1941-April 1942. - mauto eGermany vakanga mberi kumucheto Moscow.
• Kubva pakati paJuly 1942 kusvika February 1943 kwakatora muhondo kuti Stalingrad (Stalingrad).
• July 1942-October 1943. - Battle nokuti eCaucasus.
• Muna July-August 1943, chikuru tangi hondo (Hondo Kursk).
• Kubva August kuna October 1943 akazosvika Smolensk tsamwisa oparesheni.
• Kupera September 1943 - kuyambuka of Dnieper.
• Muna November 1943, akasunungura Kiev.
• March 1, 1944 zvizere kusimudza blockade kuti Leningrad.
• Muna April 1944 akasunungura muCrimea.
• Muna July 1944, Minsk ari akavasunungura.
• Muna September uye November 1944 akasunungura kuBaltic chinoda.

Kudzorera miganhu uye kukunda

Pakazosvika 1944, Soviet Union, nharaunda akadzorerwa kumiganhu sezvo vakanga vasati kurwisa German. Ipapo vakatanga kushanda muchiuto pamusoro munharaunda nyika dzokuEurope, akabatwa mauto eGermany. Vasunungurwa, izvozvo yakatanga inogumbura pamusoro munharaunda Germany kubvira muna 1945. The kurukundo Kukuru Patriotic War akauya mushure May 8 murayiro German akasaina nhumbi mapfumo.

Hondo Yenyika II, iyo vakaratidza ushingi uye kushinga yeSoviet vanhu, akapa zvidzidzo zvakawanda tsika. Victory muhondo iyi akabvumira Soviet Union kwete chete kudzivirira rusununguko, asi kuti kuva kutungamirirwa kuridza nyika geopolitical chinosiririsa.