Gustave Le Bon: Biography

Gustave Le Bon, ane mabhuku vachiri zvikuru vanachiremba, evanhu, vanyori venhau dzakaitika, uye vamwe., Runoonekwa muvambi mumagariro zvepfungwa. Kuti akakwanisa kutsanangura zvikuru zvakarurama maitiro evanhu uye zvikonzero kukonzera vakawanda nokuteerera mapofu utsinye. Pasinei chokwadi kuti vakawanda mabasa aakanga zvakanyorwa XIX remakore, XX remakore akanzwa kunoshamisa kwechirwere chake tsvakurudzo zvabuda. Nharaunda kukosha raakashandisa Gustave Le Bon - zvepfungwa.

inotungamirwa

Gustave Le Bon akaberekwa Nogent-le-Rotrou, France, mumhuri chakanaka. Pasinei okudanwa rokuremekedza, mhuri Lebon akararama chaizvo nokuzvininipisa pasina muumbozha.

Ndapedza kubva girama chikoro, Gustav akapinda University of Paris rorusununguko Medicine. Uyezve dzidzo yake kwaiva kuchikonzerwa kakawanda sangano pakati European, Asia uye African masangano. Nechekare panguva zvidzidzo ake paUniversity Le Bon akatanga kubudisa nyaya yake, izvo zvinogamuchirwa vaverengi uye vafarire mu madenderedzwa zvesayenzi.

Mupiro kukura mushonga

Okurapa Lebon asina kuroorana, kunyange zvazvo mupiro wayo kukura mushonga zvinokosheswa chaizvo, asi rakanga raitwa zvikurukuru achishandisa mabhuku yesayenzi. Somuenzaniso, migumisiro ake tsvakurudzo basa 60-ies ari namapfumbamwe remakore, akanyora nyaya zvirwere zvinoitika muvanhu, kugara nyorova munzvimbo.

Interests wekutanga kuedza kunzwisisa zvinokonzera rimwe maitiro vanhu mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana

Kuwedzera mushonga Lebon nomufaro kudzidza anthropology, kuchera matongo uye evanhu. Kwekanguva Akashanda somutariri chiremba uto pamberi. Chinangwa chaiva kugovera mukana kuchengeta uye kudzidza kuti vanhu kuzvibata ezvinhu akanyanyisa. Mukutanga 1870s, hwakagadzira kupepuka kufarira zvepfungwa, iro wakatsunga remangwana achitungamirirwa kwayakaita.

mabasa makuru

Musoro, riri mabasa akabata Gustave Le Bon - uzivi revanhu, ayo maitiro uye vavariro. Anokosha uye inonyanya kufarirwa mabasa Gustava Lebona aiva bhuku "Psychology dzavanhu uye vakawanda." Kuramba pamberi uye kuongorora vakawanda vanhu vakapiwa anodiwa hwaro kuti mhedziso uye pamapeji edition ichi akakwanisa kutaura kuti uone sei vavariro maitiro omunhu, uye maererano nemashoko aya, akaedza kutsanangura zvinhu zvinokonzera zvinoverengeka munhau. Mune ramangwana, rakanyorwa uye "vazhinji zvepfungwa", uyo akakunda hapana zvishoma kuonekwa, uye ipapo - ". Psychology kuti Socialism"

Inoratidza nzira munhoroondo

Paiitika zvose zvidzidzo izvi uye mukuronga pachena mumapeji mumabhuku ake nechokuguma kushaya, Lebon haana pfungwa yokuti basa rake Ichashandiswa kuti paumbwe utungamiri dzidziso nevaNazi. Zvisinei, zvinosuruvarisa kuti mumwe mhando rokushandisa Adolf Hitler uye Benito Mussolini akanga "boka zvepfungwa". Gustave Le Bon, zvirokwazvo haana kutarisira kuti vaizova kudaro kunokosha kukanganisa nzira kare. Vazhinji ake mhedziso vakanga yasimbiswa zvakarurama kwazvo, sezvo pamusoro navadzvanyiriri zvikuru kubudirira zvinangwa zvayo.

Chavanoziva zvaisazogona vazhinji vakananga

Kuva chaizvoizvo baba evanhu zvepfungwa Lebon kutanga akaedza kutsanangura pakatanga nguva kuvapo vanhu chaizvo apo vakawanda vava kunyanya kukosha. Akafunga kuti ari revanhu kunotungamirira kuti munhu kunoderedza rezvedzidzo nemano, pfungwa basa uye kutsoropodza zvinhu. Asi, tora itsvo ari akapfizuka zvaisazogona, anokonzera yakaoma, asi dzimwe nguva chinyakare unhu guru negurumwandira revanhu.

Le Bon aidavira kuti muduku nyoreka avanhu venyika iyo iri pfungwa kupfuura nhamba Métis. mutongi simba kwazvo, zvimwe kudzivisa kusagadzikana uye mhirizhonga kudiwa States dzakadaro.

Interesting mhedziso vakataurirwa uye sei akaisa zvitendero vakawanda. Maererano Le Bon, kana kanhu kana kuti chitendero, vanhu kurigamuchira, asi kwete zvakazara, uye chete pamurume pakutenda kwake akwegura, kureva, chaizvoizvo, kuchinja musoro uye kugutsikana, achichinja utsanzi kune zvetsika chitendero. Saka, zvitendero "pasi" pavanhu vakawanda, vakaita chakachinja kakawanda vari mubishi kuchinja pakati vanhu rudzi.

Gustave Le Bon: revanhu uye mutungamiri

Murume, ndianiko pakati zhinji nevamwe vakaita saiye, sokunge, anosiya manera kukura, vasiye nyore nheyo dzaro, kugumisa kuti kuvadzinga kazhinji kana ari kunze kwechaunga. Iye asingatani mhirizhonga, kunyanya basa iri richiratidzwa susceptibility kuti vanodzvinyirirwa uye utsinye, uye nokuratidzwa isati yamboitwa nechido kuti vabudirire pazvinangwa zvavo. Kazhinji, munhu pachaunga anoenda yemabhuku kuna zvavanofarira uye zvaunotenda.

In kushanda pamwe revanhu unyatsoshandisa nyore uye zvakajeka mifananidzo kuti murege kutakura hapana maturo. Kutoti vanogona kutsigirwa nevamwe kujairika, kunoshamisa chokwadi Somuenzaniso, kuti mumwe zvinoshamisa kana tiite vakaramba.

Maererano Le Bon dzidziso, vatungamiri kashoma kureva nhamba yevanhu vanofunga, dzinoratidza. Kakawanda, avanotarisira kuita zvinopfuura vamwe. Very Kashoma vaona kudzika dambudziko, nokuti simba kuda mutungamiriri, zvinotungamirira kusava nechokwadi uye kuverengera. Mutungamiri kazhinji kunyanyisa uye kuororwa, anenge kupenga. pfungwa dzake, benchmarks zvinogona musoro, unopenga, asi zvakaoma kurega munzira kuenda kuzadzika chinangwa. Negative mafungiro nayo kunoparira, ruzivo kurwadziswa - zvinhu zvinogutsa mutungamiriri wechokwadi. Kutenda kwavo nemazano avo, vanoona vakadaro uye takatsiga munhu, kuti simba ravakanga chokuita pfungwa dzevamwe, kunowedzera zvinezana. Nemhomho yevanhu vari kukuteerera chiri murume anokwanisa kuramba kuda simba uye chido. Vanhu vanoona vari vazhinji, vazhinji vavo vasina, saka mukusaziva vanokwezvwa yakasimba uye akatsunga munhu.

Vatungamiri, maererano nerondedzero Lebon, categorical uye kutsunga kuratidzwa simba. With kutsunga ichi, uyewo misoro intransigence, vanokwanisa kuita kunyange recalcitrant uye vanopandukira vanhu kuzadzikisa zvavanoda, kunyange kana zviri zvinopesana zvinodiwa munhu wechokwadi. Vatungamiriri vari kuchinja mune huripo kuti zvinhu, kumanikidza ruzhinji kugamuchira sarudzo dzavo uye kuti vaiteerere.

Kubva ani aiva vazhinji, kunoita kuti pasi. Mutorwa kuratidzwa kwake simba, iye simba, ndiko saka zvachose pasi ane mutsindo mutungamiri, vakafara kuva pachinzvimbo kuteerera.

Education nokuziva kashoma vakaramba vachifambirana unhu mutungamiri, asi kana vari, zvingangoita kuunza munyama muridzi. Kuva murume akachenjera kunotozongoita anova manyoro, nokuti anokwanisa kuongorora zvakadzama kupinda mamiriro ezvinhu, kunzwisisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana pasi vanhu uye tisingazivi sunungura ake kwakasimba, Ndaikudzungudzirai simba rake. Ndokusaka vakawanda vatungamiriri nguva dzose, akafunga Gustave Le Bon, akanga anodzvinyirira chaizvo vanhu, chokwadi, pane zvakawanda shoma aiva murume, zvikuru yaiva simba rake vazhinji.

Ndipo pfungwa nemaonero Gustave Le Bon. Hazvina pfungwa idzi ndidzo dzataishandisa mabhuku maviri dzinokosha, vasina mabhuku nokuda kupfuura utsinye vatungamiriri remakore rechimakumi maviri. Chokwadi, musayendisiti haana pfungwa kuti mabasa ake vari admirers uye vateveri akadaro.

Gustave Le Bon, akafa pazera 90 muna 1931 pamba wake noruwa muParis.