Teodor Gertsl: Biography, pfungwa

Teodor Gertsl - munyori, wenhau, muvambi enyika Zionism. Zita rake ndiro chiratidzo chikuru yaIsraeri ano uye nhoroondo yose Jewish. Theodore akasika World Zionist Organization. zita rake rinonzi mikana yakawanda uye migwagwa mumaguta Israeli. Nyaya ino kunzi mune pfupi Biography kumunyori.

udiki

Teodor Gertsl akaberekwa muBudapest muna 1860. Mukomana akakurira mumhuri imwe kutombozivikanwa muchiKristu, izvo havana mutorwa tsika yechiJudha. The zvakawanda nokuti sekuru vake Theodore aiva muJudha, uye akadzidza Rabbi Yehuda Alcalay. Amai nababa mukomana ari tsika dzakawanda akaona dzechiJudha. Kunyange vaduku Herzl uye vakapfuura mhemberero "bar mitzvah" uye kudzingiswa, kuzvipira kwake kuna kuchiJudha aiva nani asingafungi. Haana kuziva mutauro kana tsika chepuraimari Israeri.

Learning

Teodor Gertsl kubva muduku aifarira kuverenga mabhuku uye nokunyora nhetembo. Pandaidzidza pane mukomana chikoro chave yakabudiswa Budapest mupepanhau wongororo kuti zvesimba ake uye mabhuku. Nokukurumidza Theodore akasiya chikoro, mudzidzisi nokusagona Anti-oukuru tsanangudzo.

In 1878, Herzl mhuri akatamira Vienna, apo vechidiki akaenda payunivhesiti pamutemo kuparadzana. Makore matanhatu gare gare, Theodore akagamuchira doctorate yake uye akashanda kwechinguva panguva Salzburg mudare uye yeAustria guru. Asi nokukurumidza, munyori ramangwana yakasungirirwa pamwe jurisprudence.

Chaiko uye journalistic basa

Kubvira 1885, Theodor Herzl, kuti akatorwa iyo dzichiri kushandiswa vokuIsrael vazhinji, vaiita chete yakanyorwa. Akanyora nhamba nyaya nevazivi uye mitambo yose. Mukutanga 1890s rimwe jaya akakurumbira European mukurumbira kwakajeka wenhau. Forte Theodore akava pfupi essays uye satires. Nepo chete sei dingindira vechiJudha akanga Anti-Semitism. Kunyange zvakadaro, akatsigira mu Europe dzinoverengeka inonyatsozivikanwa vanhu kuti rupi uyo akatora yeRoma. Herzl aitarisira kuti achasundira vamwe vaJudha vakawanda kutendeuka, uye zvichaita kuti kupera Anti-Semitism. Asi akabva pakugumisa kuti "euthanasia" akadaro asina tsika kana zvinoshanda pfungwa.

Dreyfus

Nokukurumidza Herzl, ane upenyu nyaya rinozikamwa chero muJudha akava mutsigiri Zionism. Chikonzero kuti zvakaitika Alfreda Dreyfusa. The wechipiri pachena akafumura tsika "vehurumende mutongo": nguo yacho Order ake yunifomu uye bakatwa rake akapwanyika. Theodore vakapinda mhemberero uye akarohwa ne kuchema rechiFrench revanhu. It akadana kuuraya Dreyfus.

yevaJudha

Re-kusikwa yevaJudha - kuti pfungwa iyi abatwa moto Herzl. emunyori pfungwa kunoda kutsigirwa. Uye akaenda kunotsvaka nawo Baron De Girsha uye Rothschild - vaJudha vakapfuma munyika. Zvisinei, ichi chakava maturo basa. Asi Theodore haana kusiya pfungwa dzavo uye akanyora turakiti "The State Jewish", iro rine mapeji 63. Ikoko, akatsanangura zvose nei zvichibvira kusika, uye akaudza sei kuzviita.

Kugadzirwa Zionism

Dreyfus pakati Kunyadziswa uye norufu munyori kwakaitika makore gumi. Over iyi, Theodore vakakwanisa kumisa zvose chikuru zvivako zviri Zionist kufamba. Muna 1897 muBasel, reCongress munharaunda iyi yokutanga. Gore negore nhamba nhengo dzayo vakawedzerwa geometrical kunoita. VaJudha vaiona Zionism enyika chaiyo sangano anogona kugadzirisa matambudziko avo.

Mugore rayo basa rokutanga, Theodore akaedza kutsvaga kutsigira Turkish Sultan (Nyika vaIsiraeri pasi kwake). Asi refu Nhaurirano havana kubudirira. Pashure paizvozvo, Herzl akasarudza kuteerera zvikuru VANOONA England. Muna 1917, apo Theodore ane makore 13 haripo, nyika iyi iri chaizvoizvo akabvarura kubva pamaoko Turkish kudzora Land waIsraeri. Zvino England akabudisa ari Balfour Declaration, izvo akatsigira pfungwa kutanga yevaJudha munyika yaIsraeri.

Teodor Gertsl kuRussia

The gamba ino akashanyira nyika yedu muna 1903. Munzvimbo dzose vechiJudha Theodore akagamuchira yakaita mesiya. Herzl zvakare akasangana vakuru vokuRussia uye vakaedza kuvanyengetedza kuti vomanikidza Sultan kuti kubata boka munyori muPalestine, akanga korona kubudirira. Akaita mukuru uchifungwa Herzl Pleve (Minister Foreign). Zvichida anozivikanwa zvikuru mashoko Theodore wenyika yedu, "Kuti akunde nyika, kuti akunde Russia". Hedzino zvishoma dzakakurumbira prices: "The mari - zvakanaka uye yakanaka, kuti ndicho chete vanhu vakapamba," "Vapfumi inogona kukuita akakurumbira; asi murombo Ringakuita gamba, "" A rudzi akamborarama yevanhu, izvo Unites kuvapo nevakawanda muvengi. "

upenyu Personal

Herzl nemhuri yake vaifanira kubhadhara refu kwazvo mutengo kuti chitandadzo Zionism. Muna 1889, Theodore akaroora Julia Nashauer. Asi, ari murume nedhimoni, iye akateerera kake. The Old Vaviri vari vanhu vane chirwere chepfungwa. Izvi zvakakanganisa njodzi yavana Theodore. Paulina (mwanasikana mukuru) akafa nokuda kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka. Mwanakomana Hans vakazviuraya pazuva pemariro hanzvadzi yake. The mwanasikana muduku Labor kusvika hwose vakapedza muchipatara, uye akaipedza muna rimwe yevasungwa yeNazi. Asi iye akakwanisa akabereka mwanakomana. Muna 1946, chete muzukuru Herzl vake vakazviuraya. Saka, munyori akasasiya venhaka.

chirwere

Kuwedzera kune kwakanyanya hondo yose Zionism, Teodor Gertsl, ane Biography kwave kukurukurwa pamusoro, I muchirongwa dzinotyisa kutukana hondo nevanoshora. Izvi zvakakonzera kuti kusembura mwoyo wake chirwere. Mamiriro rakaoma nemabayo. Nokukurumidza munyori chirwere hwakawedzera kuipa, uye akafa muna July 1904 muna Edlah (Austria).

mariro

In zvaanoda Teodor Gertsl akakumbira kuvigwa pedyo mababa muVienna. Uye panongopera vechiJudha vanhu vachawana mukana, regai achatakura muviri wake kunyika yaIsraeri. Theodore marangwanda Wanga zvifambiswe muna August 1949. Zvino munyori madota kuzorora muJerusarema paGomo Herzl. The zuva rufu muvambi Zionism vanopemberera rechi20 romwedzi pamusoro Tamuzi.