Mutemo glasnost - mhaka pokuwa yose sotsialistizma

In yokutanga yezana eighties, paiva kakawanda kuchinja kwevatungamiriri dzebato iri USSR, Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko ipapo. Chikonzero nei vanyori mukuru akasiya ake post, zvakanga zvakanaka, uye rufu uye kukonzera rufu, akavapindurawo, zvakare ruremekedzo - kukwegura uye anoenderana vakawanda zvirwere. Naizvozvo, muna 1985, itsva Munyori General akasarudzwa panguva Plenum of Central Committee kuti ari CPSU Central Committee Mihail Sergeevich Gorbachev. By zvinodiwa ipapo utungamiri, akanga okutuka muduku, ari achangobva, mazuva mapfumbamwe musangano pamberi, akatendeuka 54.

The itsva mutungamiri webato, uye saka nyika, akaziva kuti nyika mugovanisi ino, uye, kunyanya mu Soviet Union , dambudziko guru. Upfumi ari va neudhadha, vanhu vanwe yakawanda doro, uye zvirokwazvo zvose zvimwe haana kudaro ... Akatanga kuita.

Papera mwedzi vemo eSoviet vakadzidza kuti kumhanyisa - hazvina chete chii chakonzera isimba, asi ichi nzira yokushanda.

Nokukurumidza Anti-doro kambani, zvakazoita waini shoma haana, asi waini indasitiri uye viticulture vakatambura. Zvino mutemo glasnost. zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Saka, kumhanyisa, mutemo kubudirana pachena uye democratization mune mari anosarudzwa neshoko "perestroika", iro pamwe Kurondedzera madudziro emazwi iziviswe vatungamiriri munyika dzokuMadokero, asingagamuchiri kushandurira kupinda kwavo mitauro, seshoko "Satellite" muna 1957.

Izvi nokukurumidza majana haagoni kubatsira asi vane avhiringidza pamusoro vapera basa mugovanisi hurongwa, asi yakanga Gorbachev kuti glasnost mutemo pakupedzisira zvakatungamirira ayo pokuwa zvachose.

Chokwadi, kwete kugadzira imwe parttermin kwavari aparadze nyika. Zano vanochinja of Central Committee yepakutanga wakapiwa, chete vaifanira kunatsiridza nyaya, kuzarura zvimwe zvikanganiso, asi kunyatsogona usagunzva, anoshanda ane "Stalin zvakaipa, Lenin uye zvakanaka." Kana Stalin akapfura Bukharin Somuenzaniso, nekuti yokupedzisira yakanga kwazvo kungwara. Uye kuratidza kuti mashoko akataurwa kubva Lenin "Blue Notebook". Yezhov haadi kuverenga nyaya yake.

Asi mutemo uyu glasnost Chinokonzera zvakakomba kutsamwa vamwe nhengo Central Committee uye kunyange vagari vanhuwo, uye akakurumbira nyaya Niny Andreevoy mu "Pravda" akava Manifesto yavo.

Kuedza kuisa mashoko aibuda kuzvidzora, mumwe vatungamiri CPSU I. Polozkov akabvuma pamberi mutemo glasnost, chokwadi chakanaka, asi kodzero nazvo chete vaKomonisiti.

Achiona neutera nehurumende, vatungamiri nokushorwa kufamba zhinji, zvikurukuru vezvourudzi vakatanga kuomerera mutsetse yavo, zvichikonzera rufu nokuparadzwa. Izvi zvakaitika muna NK, Tbilisi uye dzimwe pfungwa "chakakwirira tembiricha". Kuedza kudzorera hurongwa nechisimba kwakatungamirira kunyange kuipa zvabuda. Pakupedzisira, vanhu vakawanda vakaziva kuti hapana "gutsaruzhinji ine chiso chomunhu" haagoni kuva. chiso chake haana kuchinja. Izvi inotsanangura pokuwa kubvuta masimba kuedza muna 1991 uye mukukunda Yeltsin.

Saka kupera yechiKomonisiti, uye mutemo glasnost. Kuita uye mari zviri ikozvino zvinogoneka ongorora. Aimbova zvinosanganisira akasimuka pakarepo mukunopera 80-ies kwezvirongwa kufarira mabhuku akadhindwa, kunyange pfupi. Uye kune wechipiri - mhirizhonga zvisingafungidziriki, iyo akasvetukira nyika kwemakore makumi maviri, uye migumisiro tose uchava kwenguva refu ...