Malvinas: kare. The kunetsana pamusoro Malvinas Islands

Malvinas - duku rezvitsuwa riri muSouth Atlantic Ocean. Inoitwa 2 guru uye vazhinji-diki, iyo kuvaverenga vanenge 776. The nzvimbo zvose pamwe chete nzvimbo iri 12 zviuru. ^Km2. Falklands - wechipiri, uye zvakawanda zvakajairika zita, unonzi Malvinas Islands. The Coordinates ari nzvimbo rezvitsuwa - 51,75 ° S. W. Of 59 °. d. Nhoroondo iyi duku pakona paradhiso hwakakanganiswa hondo pakati zviviri inoti vari kutsvaka nzvimbo shure kwake.

History yaigara kunetsana

XVI remakore aizivikanwa kuvhurika munhu muzvizhinji kuti yakapfuura unexplored nzvimbo. Malvinas Islands vari kuvapowo. Gakava pamusoro akawana dzavo uye kunotora kusvikira ikozvino. Argentina achingoramba ndechokuti wokutanga European kuisa rutsoka norutsoka iyo nyika yacho, vakava Spanish mutyairi Esteban Gomez, uye zvakaitika muna 1520. Asi Britain inoti kuti zvakanzi yakawanikwa chete muna 1592 na Briton John Dejvice. History rinotiudza kuti makore anopfuura 200 kubva Spanish ravarwi yaiva munharaunda yezvitsuwa iyi. Kureva Malvinas Islands vaiva chikamu Spain. Asi muna 1810 Argentina akaziviswa rusununguko, uye hondo nechikepe kubva idzi kumba. Zviitiko zvakadaro achishingaira muArgentina kwakaita kuti chokwadi kuti pamusoro Falkland rezvitsuwa nyore kukanganwa. Makore gumi chete pashure mukuru Dzhyuetom pamwe Boka Marines asvika uye akazivisa kodzero dzavo mamiriro pamusoro munharaunda iyi.

kugoverwa kwakadaro simba yakatora makore 12. Asi British wengarava rwendo yakasvika pachitsuwa uye dzikabereka kumukira, subordinating Malvinas chitsuwa Great Britain. Argentina panguva iyoyo aiva muduku rudzi achiri uye akaisa kuti vadzivise zvisingaiti kwakakundikana. Asiwo akatamisa chikamu nyika yavo zvokungoti hapana zvokuzviita imwe nyika, zviri haana kuenda. Saka, hondo iri Malvinas Islands kwamuka nokuda kupambwa vatorwa ndima ne England.

Search munguva zvinogadzirisa rugare

Sezvaunoziva, muUK ane mumwe makurusa dzayaitonga nyika munyika. Asi makore 60 remakore rechimakumi maviri, mugadziriro yakadonha. Argentina, kushandisa mamiriro ezvinhu uye akaedza vachawanazve simba pamusoro Falklands kuburikidza nezvibvumirano. Saka, pachitsuwa paiva Banga uye runhare munguva iyi. Most UN nhengo inoti vakatsigira urongwa ichi. Asi England aisada kupa ndima chero mazwi. Pashure pezvose, yakanga isingori pamusoro nomunda, riri zvikuru kure huru chikamu mamiriro. Britain vaifarira deposits pamusoro zviwanikwa zvakadai mafuta uye gasi. Chimwe chinhu chaiva chokuti Britain aiva rakapotsa anotambura mu ndibate zvomumvura Crustacean - krill uye chokupa mumwe munhu akanga asina.

Zvadaro muna simba UK aizivikanwa zvose Iron Lady Margaret Thatcher. Kuva vakatanga uto Varwisei Argentina, izvozvo kwasimbisa panzvimbo yacho simba. Malvinas (Falkland) Islands akapiwa kanoda yayo nemaitiro kudzokera England mukuru wehurumende mamiriro.

Argentine zvikomborero muchiuto

England nharo Argentina pamusoro Falkland Islands (Malvinas) kwakabatsira kwete chete kune wokutanga wavo. Muna 1981, Argentina rwakaona zvemauto akabvuta chigaro uye vakabata simba mudzvinyiriri Leopoldo Galtieri. Iye chete aifanira kukunda kutsigira vanhuwo vagari, uye kukunda muhondo duku nokukurumidza chaiva chokuzadzisa magumo ayo. Pashure pezvose, kana vakadzokera Malvinas, Argentina azivise nyika kuti akasimba uye akazvimirira mamiriro.

Kwehondo

General Leopoldo Galtieri vakava vakagadzirira kushanda kwazvo kudzoka yezvitsuwa. Kwakasarudzwa kuti zita iri kukudzwa wengarava Dzhyueta - ". Rosario" Pakutanga kwaiva kuva 25 May 1982. Musi uyu akasarudzwa kwete mukana, kubva pazuva iro, Argentina vaichengeta ayo National pazororo, izvo akazosangana kuzivisa sezvo neZuva Malvinas Islands. Asi panhengo Argentinians akanyahwaira mutengesi uye noungwaru British vakagamuchira ose mashoko ari kuronga ichi. Mhinduro kune zviito zvakadaro pamusoro chikamu England, aiva yepasi pemvura "Spartan", yakatumirwa kuti vaende mvura South Atlantic. Pandakanzwa izvi, Leopoldo Galtieri akatamira kutanga musi April 2, 1982 uye pazuva iro Argentine mauto yakawira pamusoro Malvinas uye nyore kurarama boka duku British.

England akatora yakaoma pezvaaitsigira, sezvazvakanyorwa vakatenda kuti vakakuvadzwa zvayo yenyika zvarwo. Uye iye akamirira rutsigiro kubva kunyika dzose kubva kondinendi European. Latin America, Ukuwo, rakanga riri Argentine divi, nokuti Malvinas (Falkland) Islands, mu pfungwa dzavo, izvozvo kare nguva kubvuma simba chipo yokumusha kwavo. Asi France haana kutora zvakajeka nzvimbo mukurwisana ichi, nokuti haana zvinobatsira kuti vasiye Argentina. nyika iyi anotenga kubva France warplanes. Mukuwedzera, Republic of Peru somubetseri kuArgentina vakatengwa vachibva French Anti-chikepe zvombo.

Kutarira US uye USSR hondo

Muhondo iyi, Soviet Union yakanga yakagadzirira kutsigira Argentina midziyo yayo zvechiuto nokuti zvinoderedza zvokudya zvinogadzirwa mitengo. Asi panguva iyoyo, Soviet Union uye akanga ari mamiriro zvisingagadziriswi kurwisana nezvombo (hondo Afghanistan). Saka, zvose rutsigiro yakanga Argentina, chinoratidzwa kutaura refu pamisangano UN. About basa hatina kunyange wemasaini. Kunyange kuzvishandura zvakaitika: Soviet Union chete akageza maoko ako uye akabva zvachose kubva Anglo-Argentine kunetsana.

The United States, nekusiyana, ari strontium haangatongozununguswi. Apo mutungamiri US akanga Ronald Reagan uyo, mushure zvakazara kunyengetedza Defense Minister K. Weinberg vakatsigira muUK. US pakarepo akavarambidza zvirango pamusoro Argentina. Uye pamusoro UN Security Council of Zimbabwe, pamwe Britain vetoed chisarudzo pamusoro Falklands kunetsana. Ava vaviri inoti vakatenderana kunyange mukana kuisa vomanikidza Soviet Union, kana anosarudza kupindira.

Active akavhiyiwa muchiuto

Apinza kudzora rezvitsuwa Britain pakarepo akatuma hombe wengarava kubatana kundima akadzoka pasi nesimba British Crown. On 12 April 1982 Hurumende yeBritain akatora wakakombwa Malvinas Islands. Hondo chipatapata. British Defense Secretary akati kuti kana Argentine ngarava kuti kuonekwa mune nharaunda makiromita 200 kubva munzvimbo ino, vachava pakarepo rikanyuramo. Zvauchapindura Action Argentina aiva Kurambidzwa kushandiswa Chirungu rwezvemabhengi mabasa kune vagari vemo.

Argentina Aviation uyewo kukwanisa kutora zvakakwana kuti vachishingaira kubatanidzwa pakuvhiya zvechiuto, kunyanya mu kwerunyararo vezana kutipa nomoyo zvakakodzera. Izvi zvakaitika nokuti kuti ndege muhondo ndege vasingagoni nyika runway kuti dzaiwanika pachitsuwa chacho, sezvo zvakanga hupfupi.

With vatsigire United States, Britain aiva mukana kushandisa kwavo chawo rechiuto iri Ascension Island. It hwezvekukurukurirana kuwana kumaruwa. April 25 British akakunda chitsuwa South Georgia, iyo yaimbonzi rakanga pasi pesimba Argentina. Military mapfumo akapa pambiru pasina kurwa. Pashure rakatanga mutsva chokutambudzika hondo.

Danho wengarava uye mhepo chiito

On May 1, 1982 Falklands nharaunda yakanga yapararira zvachose muhondo. ndege British akaita kurwisa Port Stanley uye Argentina mukupindura akatuma ndege kurwisa British ngarava. Zuva rakatevera kwakava chiitiko yava Argentina raMwari yakaomesesa muhondo yose. U-chikepe akanyura kuBritain ngarawa romuvengi, nokuda kufa vanhu 323. Ichi chaiva chikonzero chokuti Argentine rengarava akabvazve shure nemahombekombe nyika yake yaakaberekerwa. Greater kubatanidzwa vaimbopota havana kugamuchira.

Argentina akawana pacharo mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, uye tariro inoramba chete avhiyesheni. Panguva iyoyo pasi British rengarava pasi yechinyakare vakasununguka-kuwa mabhomba, izvo kazhinji kacho kunyange kuputswa.

Asiwo divi yeBritain akanga nokurasikirwa zvakashamisa nyika yose. May 4 Anti-chikepe chombo, kubva France, doro akafura mumwe munoparadza kuUnited Kingdom. Ichi chaiva chikonzero chacho kunyura. Asi zvombo izvozvo panguva iyoyo, Argentina akanga chete mashanu, izvo zvakazoita kuti nokukurumidza Kuparadzwa wemari.

Calm pamberi dutu

Kuti uto Argentine budiriro kwakatungamirira masvondo maviri gadzikanei. Chokwadi, kusawirirana mberi, asi vakanga vashoma. Izvi zvinosanganisira uto kushanda Britain rokuparadza 11 Argentine ndege musi hurungudo Island. Panguva iyoyowo, UN akaedza kunyengetedza mapato kugumisa hondo uye taurirana murunyararo. Asi hapana aida kusiya. Argentina, uyewo akasarudza kuita zvirango dzimwe nyika naro. Iye akarambidza kubhururuka vagari dzavo munyika kuti vava antiargentinskie zvirango.

nyika hondo

England vakanga vachigadzirira Marines kunyika pazvitsuwa. Zvino usiku kubva 21 kusvika 22 May. The kumhara kwakaitika San Carlos Bay, apo izvi hazvina kutarisirwa zvachose. Argentines nemishonga kwakanga simba, asi mangwanani zvinhu zvachinja. Air Argentine mauto akapinda zvikepe zvakanga chakasungirirwa ari bay.

Musi waMay 25, mumwe ndege vakapfura pasi ngarava British, yakanga akatakura helicopters. Mazuva mashoma gare gare nayo Akanyura. Uye nyika British kukupfura akatotora simba nechinzvimbo pachitsuwa. On May 28, pedyo nemisha Goose nrnam Darwin Akatsoropodzwa boka ravarwi Argentines, zvokuti pashure hondo nesimba chaizvo, akamanikidzwa shure.

June 12, pamwe inorema Kurasikirwa Britain mauto achiitei kare raitungamirwa Argentines kukwira Tu-Sisters, Mount Harriet uye Moonies, Longdon. On 14 June nemamwe dzakakwirira vose vaiva pasi hondo England.

British Mauto kunge rakavharidzirwa ari Argentine guta Stanley. Command akanzwisisa kuti kuvabatsira hapana aizouya, saka June 14 vakapa tichirwisa mapfumo. Falkland Islands vakanga zvakare kudzosa kudzorwa Great Britain. The pamutemo musi kuguma hondo, kukurukurwa 20 June. On nhasi, Britain rakatora South Sandwich Islands.

Britain kwenguva yakati akasatendera Argentines 600 kubva pakutapwa achiedza havarongi yokumusha kwavo kusaina zvikuru zvinobetsera runyararo chibvumirano.

Nokurasikirwa vemapato

Panguva 74-zuva remauto kurwisana Argentina akarasikirwa vanhu 649, rimwe ngarawa, a yepasi pemvura, mumwe gunboat, zvina ngarava, imwe hove trawler 22 Kurwisa ndege, vanodzima 11, vanenge 100 ndege uye helicopters. In pakutapwa 11 zviuru. Man yatorwa. Mukuwedzera, resonance rakanga kuti pashure pehondo akarasika masoja 3 zvakawanda vakasungwa neBritain.

United Kingdom muhondo iyi vakarasikirwa vanhu 258, frigates maviri, vaparadzi vaviri, mumwe mudziyo, mumwe kumhara chikepe, munhu kumhara raanoziva, helicopters uye 34 nendege.

Danho kuitika makakatanwa

Pashure pehondo, uchi anorwisana nyika uye haana dzakasaina chakarongwa kondirakiti. Chete rechi90 rokutonga nedzenyu ukama dzakatangwa zvakare. Mumakore achangopfuura, gakava kuwedzera zvakare. Chikonzero ichi chaiva pakuunganidza boka British mvumo nokuti mafuta akapoteredza Malvinas Islands. Argentina vaishora mamiriro ezvinhu aya, nokuti mafuta mushoma achava nemhenderekedzo ehurumende.

Argentina akatii akanga mutemo 16 February 2010, iyo inotaura kuti ashambire chinhambwe 500 km kubva kumahombekombe enyika vane kodzero chete avo zvikepe kuti vakagamuchira mvumo kuita kudaro. Asi izvozvo hazvina kumisa vokuBritain, uye mafuta kugadzirwa pachikuva paakagadzwa musi February 21.

Muna 2013, vanhu ava zvakare wakavhomorwa pfungwa Malvinas Islands. The referendamu, izvo zvaizotema nenhengo wenyika, raizoitirwa 10 uye 11 March. Residents vane mukana wokusarudza pachavo, vangada kushandisa upi hurumende. Kana zvabuda vakanga tallied, kwakaonekwa kuti sarudzo dzinouya 91% vepazvitsuwa. With chisingarambiki mugumisiro 99,8% Great Britain nesimba, pasina mukana Argentina kuti zvaaitaura.

Saka, muzana remakore rapfuura pakava pfupi hondo pamusoro Falkland kana zviwi Malvinas. Shantarsky muzvitsuwa muGungwa Okhotsk, muri fananei zvitsuwa ichi. Zvinonyaradzawo chiduku piece ndima Continental kumahombekombe. Asi kana nyika mbiri kusarudza kundorwa nokuti, vanhu vazhinji vachafa. History of Falkland Islands (Malvinas) kunoratidza kuti vakakunda muhondo zvikuru paakaudzwa, chinangwa uye zvakanaka akaronga zviito kurwa.

Nhoroondo dzekare hondo kwakaitika Handizivi zvakadai. Chinhu akasiyana kutanga. Kunyange zvazvo iye akanga pfupi chaizvo, vavengi dzakarwiwa hondo dzinotyisa, kushandisa kuti chinangwa ichi zvose achangobuda nebudiriro michina muitiro. Nokuti UK waivawo hondo kure zvikuru. Chinangwa chikuru kwaisava ndima, uye zvinhu kuti aigona kupa nyika Kumukundi.