Mafuta zvakadini Russia anotengesa pagore? zvikuru mafuta uye gore negore kuti gasi akatengesa Russia?

The Russian Federation ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose ekisipota rwokuzvarwa gasi. Rine reserves chechipiri pakukura marasha. Nhau yave kuwedzera kuri vaikurukura kuti Russia vagara pasi simba "Trainspotting." Saka zvino kunyange dzose zvavo vava kufarira sei mafuta zvikuru Russia anotengesa pagore. RF rakava rechisere munyika tichitarisa matsime eoiri, asi bhuku kugadzirwa kunopfuura chero nyika munyika. Munyaya ino tichashandisa edza kunzwisisa kuti unopinza kuwa mu mitengo kuti "ndarama dema" akaita sei upfumi munyika. Isu ichakurukurawo indasitiri of Russian Federation of ekisipoti, isa Mahydrocarbon zvayo mamiriro, ivo Zvaifungidzirwa nenyanzvi ari Kuparadzwa zviwanikwa, uye kunyanya hurumende simba itsika.

zvikuru sei mafuta Russia anotengesa pagore

Muna December 2015, Russian Federation unobereka avhareji mamiriyoni 10.83 emiti. Ichi 12% okuwana nyika. Panyaya iyi, mamiriro muchitokisi chete panzvimbo rorusere. Kunze kwenyika wokuRussia oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo - zvakafanana 12%. Muna 2015, zvakanga vakatengesa matani mamiriyoni 396. Kufunga kuti kumusika mutengo yakaiswa pa $ 30 chete dhiramu. Tinofunga sei mafuta zvikuru Russia anotengesa pagore. Tinowana kukura aina kwemari. Izvi bhiriyoni 87, 30 zvakawanda unogona mari pamusoro gasi.

Foreign tengeserana

Paavhareji, pakati 1997 uye 2015, uwandu kunze kwenyika uye kupinzwa akanga Russia mabhiriyoni 9,11295 US emadhora. Record yakakwirira yaiva January 2012, yakadereresa - muna February 1998. Kana isu kutaura mafuta zvakadini uye gasi pagore kutengesa Russia, mhinduro yaizova - 58% zvachose kunze kwenyika. Chinhu chinokosha ndiko aina namatanda. Kuti anotengesa Russian, kunze huni, mafuta uye gasi? Other kunze kwenyika zvinosanganisira nesimbi (nickel, simbi), zvemakemikari zvigadzirwa, michina uye uto michina. Huru zvokutengeserana vadyidzani vari Russia, China, Germany uye Italy.

makore akawanda sei vachava reserves mafuta zvakakwana

The rwokugadzirwa chimurenga uye mberi ichiwedzera kudiwa nesimba rakawanda, asi kana aingovawo munhu anofunga kuti zvinhu hazvisi hazviperi Pakuvira kwezuva USSR muzvikoro Soviet, vadzidzisi vakaudzwa kuti mutema marasha kuchapedza kwemakore 150, mashava - 650, mafuta - 200, ndarama - 100 uye mangoda - pa 80. Zvisinei, pakazosvika mangwanani 2000s zvakava pachena kuti kudyiwa zviwanikwa zvinoshamisa kwakawedzera. Humanity inoda 1.5 nguva kupfuura zvinoita resumption yepasi mari. Panguva iyoyowo vagari dzakabudirira vanoshandisa zvikuru pfuma pane varombo nyika. Kunyange zvazvo chiri kupedzisira kuzvidzora 2/3 pakati reserves mafuta munyika. Russia iri chakarurama iri pamusoro rechi8 nzvimbo. Panguva kuitika pamwero okuwana muna Russian Federation richagara kwemakore 21, munyika - makore 50. Panyaya gasi reserves, pane Russian pakutanga. Panguva kuitika pamwero okuwana richagara kwemakore 80 muRussia, 60 - munyika.

Nei mafuta isingadhuri?

Rinooneka, maererano nyanzvi Zvaifungidzirwa nehwemweya, "ndarama dema" Makore 50 chete zvakakwana munyika. Zviri isingasviki remakore, asi nei, ipapo, musika rakavambwa sezvo mari yakaderera? Maererano mukuru Economist NEF James Medway, mumamiriro ezvinhu aya pane zvikuru vavariro zvikonzero. Uye mukuru pakati pavo - vanonzi shale chimurenga. Kusiyana itsva mafuta ndechokuti haana ainyepa pakutanga hurumende, saka vakatora nhaka private makambani. Global overproduction ramafuta rinobva pakuti guru mudzimba makambani rega kufunga chidzoke vatambi vatsva pamusoro ngaritinhire, vane zvavanofarira. Pashure September 2015 Goldman Sachs guru mari kubhengi, akabudisa for wayo kuti "ndarama dema" anogona kuburukira 20 madhora muzana mudende, kuteerera zvose rinonyatsotarira Russian Federation. Zvaiita kuti nyika yose iri kuedza kuverenga sei mari yakawanda Russia anorasikirwa nokuda pakugumburwa mitengo mafuta. Zvisinei, njodzi hazvisati zvaitika. The bhajeti vakaisa pasi mutengo $ 50 muna 2016 chete mudende, chaizvoizvo tine 30. chete Sezvo bhuku kunze kwenyika, nezuva rokutanga Russian Federation ari kurasikirwa vanenge mamiriyoni 200 US mari.

Vangani akarasikirwa Russia?

Financial vaongorori vanoti vakaongorora zvinhu kubva mitengo rekodhi mafuta yakaderera uye zvoupfumi zvirango, kuti zvinofungidzirwa kuti Russian Federation nokuti nguva kubva 2014 kusvika 2017 acharasikirwa inenge $ 600 billion. Panguva iyoyo vakanga vamutye pakudzidza mutengo $ 50 chete dhiramu. Achava kuziva pachako uye kurasikirwa wokumwe zvakananga inivhesitimendi. Maererano navo, vagari kumirira chimwe kunhivi mutengo inowedzera uye kusvetuka iri dhora.

Zvichakadaro, munyika

Vanopfuura hafu mari kubva mafuta Russian. Zvisinei, zvikuru kwete akatambura Russian Federation, uye dombo racho indasitiri of USA. Maererano nenyanzvi, ndiwo mutengo-inoshanda panguva mari 70-77 emadhora por dhiramu. Zvisinei, pakati remakore rechi21, nyanzvi kutarisira unopinza kuderera mune simba pachiyero. The chikuru vatengi mafuta aigona kuva nyika wechitatu nyika, uyo vangave vasina nguva chinja kune dzimwe ruzivo. Saka, 21 "dema goridhe" oga zvakakwana, uye nokuenzanisira ukoshi yayo-chinja pachiyero 70-100 madhora

ReRussia Energy Policy

Nokuti nguva kusvikira pakupera 2020 muna Russian Federation kushanda nzira, iyo vakapinda simba muna 2003. It anogadza zvinotevera kukoshesa kuti nyika;

• Inogona kuenderera mberi.
• Kuwedzera simba kunyatsoshanda.
• Kuderedza inokanganisa zvakatipoteredza.
• Energy uye kwesayenzi kukura.
• Ushande kunyatsoshanda uye zvemakwikwi zvinobatsira.

Muna July 2008, purezidhendi Russian akasaina mutemo maererano izvo hurumende inogona kusvina mafuta uye gasi pamusoro ari Continental pasherefu pasina nyoro. Izvi akamutsa kutsamwa kushorwa. Muna February 2011, Russia dzakasaina chibvumirano ne China, pasi iyo, mukutsinhana $ 25 billion chikwereti icho achanunura Mavhoriyamu makuru oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo inotevera 20 makore.

indasitiri Zvinetso

Mafuta gasi tiri 60% Russian Export uye 30% kubva GDP. Pazuva ehurumende unobereka mamiriyoni 10.6 emiti. mafuta zvakadini Russia anotengesa pagore? Rinotaura vanenge 12% zvinodiwa munyika. The Russian upfumi zvikuru hakunei yeHydrocarbon kunze kwenyika. RF anoshandisawo nzvimbo yayo sechinhu nokutengesa mafuta uye gasi racho dzimwe negwaro. The EU kushanda kuderedza simba rayo kuvimba Russia. Kubvira makore 2000s, muna Russian Federation uye Ukraine zvave nokurwisana dzinoverengeka umo nerubatsiro gasi kuna Europe rikaguma. Uyezve, kuvakwa rakaguma pasi Nabucco Mapaipi. Kusvika panguva EU achiri haana kukunda simba rayo kuyanzva. Kana kwakanaka mutengo ramafuta, penyanzvi havasati asvika nekubvirana pasi nyaya iyi.