Federal bhajeti - nayo ... Mutemo pamusoro Federal Budget

Chero makomborero munzanga, rokuvakazve masangano asiri purofiti hunhu, uye zvimwe zvakaitika National kukosha dzakawanda zvikuru ndanyarara hangu ne National upfumi. inotungamirwa kwayo uye yokuronga patsva - muitiro akaoma uye nguva yakawanda, uye mairi tichaedza kunzwisisa nyaya ino.

Pfungwa yacho batana bhajeti

The yeUnited bhajeti - chinhu chinokosha chefuma chero mamiriro, inova kwegadziriro ukama inobva fanira mari, izvo chinokosha ehurumende mari. National zvemari nefuma kuumbwa kwaro inotungamirwa anotora zvinhu socio-zvoupfumi zviri munyika, iyo aunonyanya huru mirayiridzo zveminda yemberi mari.

Uyewo, yeUnited bhajeti iri Russian Federation anoita mabasa anokosha mune nechouviri cheHurumende hurongwa:

• unokurudzira evanhu mitemo;
• waidzora zvoupfumi pezvakaitwa munyika;
• anotora chikamu mune redistribution pamusoro GDP uye National mari;
• anodzora chekubuda mari.

Sezvo tinogona kuona, mabasa ari huchashandiswa mari iyi kupfuura zvakakwana, saka hurumende wakanyatsokodzera kwazvo kwarinovirira inotungamirwa uye yokuronga patsva, sezvo tikaramba kutaura.

Ko bhajeti

Tose tinoziva kuti yeUnited bhajeti - hazvina chete mari nerubatsiro, ndiko chihombe kunzwisisa mashandiro, uye mumwe nomumwe wedu kushamisika, chii mazano asinganditungamiriri machinda pashure rubvumo ake.

Kazhinji, mvumo Treasury zviri hearings mana, uye chinosanganisira zvinotevera seti maitirwo:

1. Maererano nokuongorora kwakaitwa kiyi maindasitiri zvinofungidzirwa kwadzo nekuda yapfuura nhau nguva.
2. Uyezve projected pakarepo tariro socio-zvoupfumi weHurumende.
3. Akasimbisa pfungwa huru dzehurukuro kuuya mutero uye bhajeti itsika.
4. projected Consolidated bhajeti uye Consolidated Chiyero zvemari pahwaro kukura zvirongwa anokosha munzvimbo.
5. Uyezve projected yeUnited zvirongwa zvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana - kuvimbana, mari uye kudzivirira.
6. Kufungisisa dzakawanda yezvakaita chibvumirano chero aite zvemari.
7. Kufungwa yeUnited bhajeti vamwe mari.
8. We funga kuuya chirongwa zvainanga panguva Implementation nechitarisiko kwezvikwereti.
9. Vaitaura kuti shoma padanho indexation evanhu kubhadhara.
10. Yakaturikwa mirau, mari haisi akapa fiscal mutemo nokuda kwegore.

rokumanikidzirwa chirongwa

Gwaro yeUnited bhajeti sechinhu chiridzwa zvemari anewo zvimwe munzanga basa yayo vanhu, saka dzimwe zvirongwa fanira vachine nzvimbo kuti, asi mumwe nomumwe wavo chakanyatsorongwa zvakaongororwa abvume. Nokuti chinangwa ichi pane kutenderwa legislatively pachena kutevedzana yezviito:

• Hurumende inopiwa kuna zvikapa kururamisirwa chirongwa kubva hwokugadzira uye upfumi nemaonero, nekuti hurumende midziyo anofanira kuva nechokwadi kudiwa mari iyi kana kuti nzira pamwe Treasury;
• mberi projected munzanga uye zvakatipoteredza nemigumisiro kutanga purogiramu chaiyo;
• kutungamirirwa mitemo ano, hurumende asarudza pamusoro uwandu zvakananga mari zvimwe chirongwa;
• akagadzira zvimwe zvakakodzera mapepa.

Misimboti paumbwe batana bhajeti

Chero mashoko chokuita paumbwe uye dzinoshandiswa State Treasury, nokudzorwa chiito chepamutemo ichi - Federal Mutemo pamusoro Federal Budget. Zvakajeka algorithm nezviito zviri chiitiko ezvinhu zvikuru kukosha akadaro ano musika ukama. Sezvo kwaizova chinoshamisa kwazvo uye asinganzwisisi pashure kuitwa nemamiriro of Treasury mugore kuitika dzokurasa mari pamusoro evanhu zvakanakira achitsigira simbisa National kudzivirira.

Naizvozvo, munhu wose, kunyange zvako kuduku kurapa paruzhinji mari hunodzorwa mitemo kushanda uye inobva zvinotaurwa:

• zvose mari mari Rwako dzinoiswa muzvikwata uye makirasi, zvichienderana zvoupfumi uye miganhu kubatwa - zvinoreva kuti zvimwe zveminda zvemunzvimbo zvemari uye varambe panguva dzinoshandiswa dzoruwa, uye vakutarisire;
• panguva dhefisiti kunoitika nokuda kunyanyisa mari vanodzishayiwa wakafukidzwa, uyewo kubvira STRUCTURAL chezvinonhuwira huchashandiswa.

Kazhinji, zvakaoma kutsanangura mamiriro papfuma utariri mashandiro mune mitsara shoma, asi tinoramba kuedza kukurira kunzwisisa ichi chivako.

The nemamiriro batana bhajeti

Tose kunzwisisa kuti chihombe kunzwisisa mari aibuda asingakwanisi dzitarisire yepamusoro Executive zviremera. The yeUnited bhajeti - riri ungaenzaniswa ne chinhu chakafanana saizi kupfungwa zvemari, uye pane zvishomanana nevakawanda Zvivako murau yayo munyika:

• rwezvemabhengi;
• yakavhenganiswa;
• Yepfuma.

Kamwe kunoitwa reRussia rwezvemabhengi mamiriro kuti unobvumira kuti anyore kufamba Rwako zvemari pachiyero muripo nokudzorwa Central Bank. Asi izvozvo hurongwa kwakanga kukwana nokuti pokumbononotswa vanoonekwa, saka kwakasarudzwa kuenda papfuma zvakanaka.

bhajeti utariri

Kuwedzera misimboti kurongeka, yeUnited mutemo pamusoro yeUnited bhajeti uye anoita zvose wevakuru vehurumende mashoko zvinhu.

Saka, kutanga kwekupwanyiwa ndiye General Directorate of Federal Treasury, ndiro basa BALANCInG vose mari kuitika uye ishandise, uyewo achizivisa pamusoro Executive bazi.

On wechipiri pamwero ndiye Department Treasury, akaisa kudunhu vakuru zvakananga. Mashandiro anoita sangano iri kuti vazivise yepamusoro miviri iri mari uye Orders kuti zvekushandisa pamusoro munharaunda yayo.

Wechitatu kuzvidzora Danho zvinosanganisira guta omunharaunda uye pfuma eruwa, izvo vanonyatsoita zvemari kufamba kwezvirongwa mari iri akasarudzwa nzvimbo.

Mashandiro anoita Central Treasury

yeUnited bhajeti All zvakadaro vari rokuzvidavirira vatariri Central Treasury, izvo basa dzinoverengeka zvinokosha mashandiro uye mabasa:

• kugovera bhajeti zveminda pakati dzakasiyana wevakuru vehurumende;
• zvinyorwa vachibhadhara ose, kusanganisira mutero, nekuda National kukosha;
• Implementation ose refunds uye zvitukuriso buda kana zvisizvo akatamisira mari pakati zvefuma zvese;
• kutendeuka huru, kufungisisa-siyana deferrals uye mitero;
• kuti nokuiswa basa mune imwe mari;
• kuramba richiona yekushanda kune zvinobudirira kurapa ehurumende muchivigiro;
• kurapa Rwako zvose zvemari mubhangi muchivigiro zvikwereti.

manyuko mari

Ndivanaani vanoumba hurumende muchivigiro? Ngatitorei Kutarira vechikamu kunzwisisa uye kuramba izvi:

1. Mitero - tiite kuramba uye hurongwa enumeration kutsivira mari zvemunzvimbo zvemari.
2. The Central Bank pachiimbwa rokutengesa - kuronga zvakananga kufamba paruzhinji mari pamusoro nhoroondo.
3. Federal Treasury yayo STRUCTURAL dzakabatana - aite zvinyorwa vakagamuchira mari.
4. mitumbi Executive, kusanganisira State Inspectorate - ndivo vanozoshanda pakati payers uye Treasury sungiro vedare ukama hwavo.

Saka, tinogona kutaura kuti zviri zvikuru uye chinokosha vechikamu mashandiro ichi vari mubhizimisi masangano kuti vane zvimwe mitoro kunyika. Asi panewo vasiri mutero zveminda, izvo zvinosanganisira fines uye dzimwe mirango chakakonzerwa namaneja mukufamba rara vehurumende.

mutengo matura

Consumables yeUnited bhajeti - mugumisiro kugarwa zviyero, izvo zviri zvakakwana novimba divi kwemari. Ukuru kwemauto iyi chezvipo wehurumende Proportional kune zvakananga socio-ezvoupfumi zvinodiwa zvose vemo uye nyika yose. Chokwadi, izvi hazvirevi kuti vari kugutsikana zvachose, zvisinei, kufungwa pagore kuronga. Vari anoparadzirwa maererano zvinotaurwa:

• bazi (akaumba pamusoro zvinodiwa zvakasiyana siyana madhipatimendi uye neshumiro);
• miganhu (nzvimbo kubatanidzwa zvidzidzo dzenyika, kureva population);
• dzichipfekeka (mari dziri kuramba maererano akataura chipfuro zvirongwa, kusanganisira zvemagariro, kwezvakatipoteredza, zvesayenzi uye nemimwe mibvunzo inogona kukanganiswa).

Chero kusarudza voruzhinji mari vanobviswa zvakananga Central Treasury uye Bazi Finance.

yokufudza bhajeti

The yeUnited bhajeti iri Russian Federation mumakumi emakore achangopfuura vaisagona kuzvirumbidza waro pachiyero, izvo, pfungwa, zviri zvakajairika munyika - pane nguva dzose chinhu kupfuura kana mari kana mari.

Saka, muna 90s remakore rapfuura pakanga vairamba ari fiscal dhefisiti, izvo zvinoreva kuti zvinodiwa zveupfumi mutemo weHurumende rakanga zvikuru kupfuura aibuda mari kubva mitero.

Zvisinei, mumakore achangobva kupfuura zvinhu zvachinja chaizvo zvakashandurwa, uye panguva iyoyo pane rakadzikama yemuraudzo rudzi yepfuma.

Regulation of batana bhajeti

anokosha basa wakasiyiwa hurumende zvino - mukanyanyisa zvoupfumi kunyatsoshanda pamusoro pakanyorwa dzimwe mutemo, izvo zvinoreva kuti kutanga anoita sechivako paruzhinji mari. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana evanhu nhau utariri nhungamiro anoita Federal Mutemo pamusoro Federal Budget.

Asi isu tose kunzwisisa kuti zvakaoma kufungidzira zvinhu zvakadai kusagadzikana kumusika ukama, izvo zviri kunyanya novimba dzakawanda pabonde. Naizvozvo, tikafunga zvichangobva kuitika chaiyo Kudzikamiswa mari, zvainanga kutsigira kukura kwoupfumi kuburikidza fiscal surpluses wakasikwa.