How pfupi uye akafa ngarawa "Murmansk"

On Christmas mangwanani 1994 pamberi akashamiswa vehove Norwegian akaunza muviri hombe ane warship avete pasi pedyo nemhenderekedzo. Pasina nguva akava pachena kuti aimbova Soviet uye ikozvino Russian ngarawa "Murmansk", anenge Zvisinei, maIndia akatengeswa chinyorwa simbi. The napedyo pamusoro chipoko ichi kweHondo Yemashoko yakatora makore gumi nemasere. Asi chikepe kuti ine nhoroondo yacho. zvinhu zvizhinji kuudza muviri ichi ora, kana aigona kutaura. On-refu dhonza yenzendo K uye kunetseka ...

Rokutanga "Murmansk"

Hongu, pane imwe nguva paiva neimwe chikepe, vaitakura zita iroro. Panguva iyo Tehran Conference , Stalin shandisweyi vakuru omubatanidzwa Powers, izvo haana kukanganwa pamusoro mugove USSR ari chikamu rengarava akatotanga capitulated Italy. Yakanga Ngarava dzepasi pemvura mana, vaparadzi masere, imwe yehondo uye ngarawa, zvose achangobva kuvakwa. Pasi chokumupomera kuoma kwemarongerwe kukurukura vokuAmerica uye British ndikabayira yavo kurwa zviyero, vano- akwegura, asi pashure pehondo zvakavimbisa kutsiva rokuItari. Pakupedzisira, muna 1944, nokuda yokugadzirisa kuna Northern Fleet akasvika zvikepe, kusanganisira "Milwaukee", kunzi ngarawa "Murmansk". A chikepe mugungwa iri rinenge haana kubuda kwake simba Anti-ndege atirari waishandiswa kudzivirira dzedenga pamusoro Bay pakati Murmansk, kweArctic uye Vaenga, asi muchiitiko chino akabudirira. Mushure 1945, "Murmansk" - "Milwaukee" akanga adzokera kuUnited States, uye gare gare vakagamuchira zita zimukadzimu itsva mbiri.

New "Murmansk"

Pashure pokukunda Soviet Union akatora kutanga purogiramu mazuvaano of Navy. kuvaka Its akatanga munguva ichangobva mukuru-nokukurumidza sevatsvaki vemapuranga basa 68-bis. The shipyards Molotov, Nikolaev uye Leningrad muviri ngarava itsva dzakaiswa, okutanga raiva "Sverdlov", uye pakupedzisira, namana -. Ngarawa "Murmansk" zvidzidzo izvi vaifanira kupa yakatsiga kuvapo Soviet mauto wengarava mumvura vose munyanza. Zvinodiwa Kuti Vavaki vengarava, zvinosiyana nehasha faniro uye zvakasiyana neukukutu. Kana refu bhatiri vanofanira kupa wakanakisisa kukurukurwa uye maneuverability unhu, uye atirari yakanga yava chaiye nokupwanya firestorm kana zvakakodzera. Ship vavaki kukurira dambudziko.

Atirari ngarawa mabhomba zera

Muna 1955, kwaiva dzinoverengeka zviitiko zvinokosha munhoroondo Soviet Navy Somuenzaniso, isu akaedzwa Avangard yokutanga yenyukireya uye kushandisa kuti yepasi pemvura yenyukireya-dzinofambiswa yokutanga. Kamwe mumumvuri yakakurumbira muganhu waiva mumwe chokwadi, uye zvichida aionekwa vasingakoshi. April 24 kwakatangwa pazuva rokupedzisira chirongwa 68-bis ari ngarawa "Murmansk". Muchidimbu yaro unyanzvi unhu, mukubwinya kwavo kose, haana mwoyo ipapo nemauto-enyika utungamiriri pamusoro USSR. Uye Khrushchev, Secretary First uye Defense Minister Zhukov akarota pamusoro chinhu zvenyukireya, chombo, kana kunyange nani - epasi pemvura.

A gumi nevaviri pfuti huru caliber (152 mm), zvakafanana yezvisikwa ebetsero (100 mm), 32 Anti ndege otomatiki nokukurumidza-moto pfuti, gumi nevaviri torpedoes - izvi zvose haana pfungwa pamusoro vatungamiri, kwete chaizvo aiziva wengarava zvenyika. At zvizere misha pa 16.3 zviuru. Tani ngarawa "Murmansk" aiva kureba 210 m, upamhi 22 M uye nekubatwa 7.26 m. It aigona kusvika nokukurumidza kusvika 31.5 nokusunungura mapfundo (ndizvozvo chaizvo, uye nemitemo yanhasi) uye aiva simba bhuku.

Asi pasi Stalin akaisa chikepe chakanga kare vaiona usingachashandi. Above navo mungozi kutema simbi pakarepo pashure nezvekutanga.

Muchiuto munguva yorunyararo

Sezvineiwo, chiedza ngarawa "Murmansk" kuraira zvikepe vakakwanisa adzivirire, kunyange vaaida, uye maronda. Kubvira 1963, ngarava vaiitawo muchiitwa zhinji kubva wadzo Mahombekombe. Zvino ndicho chakanakisisa, kutumira kushanya noushamwari nyika dzakasiyana, kudzivirira kuchamhembe USSR panguva kukwirira kweHondo Yemashoko, akagamuchira honorary wenyaya "kugonesesa" (1965) zvinotora mungarava yacho General Secretary Brezhnev (1967) uye dzimwe anokudzwa vakokwa. Munguva yehondo Arab-Israeli, iye cruising muMediterranean, pamwe pakarepo kuumbwa dzechikwata, ipapo kushumira muAtlantic. Kazhinji, kuti Biography kwechikepe izere zviitiko, dzinenge zvakakwana kutaura kuti vachifamba nyanza daro unoenderana urefu gumi nerimwe ikweta.

The yokurega nowokupedzisira ndege

Time ndiye inexorable, asi chikepe chakanga kusiya nokukudzwa. Muna 1989, nguva yokupedzisira "ndokupfura panze" uye akariita nani. Muna December wegore iroro, kuti ngarawa pamutemo decommissioned uye emauto akadzingwa mabasa chikwata. kekutanga akamira womutariri chinzvimbo, uye muna 1994 yaitengeswa kuna India kuti achicheka chinyorwa simbi.

It chichirwadza nguva dzose kuona sei mugumo-upenyu michina chichatadza anofanira scrapped. Asi vanomumukira hunhu muchikepe, uye wakaratidzwa pakupedzisira yechiitiko pakati Biography ake. Madutu muGungwa Barents vakagura Towing namabote, asi zvinyoronyoro akaisa zvino chitunha pamusoro sandbank. Eremendi pachayo haadi kutendera dzinovaraidza yako, saka emakore muforo Kuwanda kwayo.

Kwemakore akawanda akamira pamahombekombe, uye anotyisa chete nepfuti turrets vakayeuchidzwa kuti gomo iri nesimbi aimbova ari ngarawa "Murmansk". Photos chikepe rakabudiswa European venhau, achinyora nyaya nezvazvo. Pakupedzisira, kutya zvichibvira kukuvadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, zvakatanga racherwa simbi. Pakazosvika 2013, ngarava yacho anotyisa hapana chakasara.