Cone simuka hunde miti. Educational jira

The zvirimwa zvikure kumarudzi hwavo, uye mano ichi kuti zvikurumidze chinosiyanisa kubva nemhuka. The huru muchinangwa nokuumbwa nhungirwa itsva kukura pfungwa anotamba - chivakwa chaiyo apo masero tichingotarisira kukamuka. mapazi ichi riri pamusoro misoro itsvo, uyewo panguva chakaderedzwa mutengo huru hunde. How miti vanokwanisa kuramba vachikura?

Cone simukai: chii uye chii basa raro?

Panguva misoro hunde uye mudzi zvinomera chinokosha nharaunda nokupesana, riri kuumbwa masero meristem. The chiri ichi chirimwa rinenge kukwanisa kuramba uye nokukurumidza vagovane, iyo inosvitsa kuwedzera muviri wose nhengo pakureba uye ukobvu.

Educational jira iri riri pamisoro zvakasvibirira itsvo. Chaizvoizvo, chikonzero nei mumwe wavo uye kune mapazi matsva, izvo kubvumira chirimwa vavaitire pamusoro munharaunda yakakura uye kugamuchira zvakawanda rezuva simba nokuda photosynthesis. Kune mhando nhatu itsvo: chinouraya, lateral uye adventitious. Chokutanga iri pamukova chakaderedzwa mutengo iri chirimwa, uye pfungwa dzavo kukura kunoita muviri kukura pakureba. Lateral Mafundo vanowanikwa pamusoro hunde uye ndiwo anokonzera branching, kureva paumbwe divi awo. Adventitious Mafundo vanoonekwa wakaderera uye kusashanda apo vakamira pamusoro meristem kamura.

Chii kukura cône? Chekutanga, icho chakaumbwa masero ari meristem, izvo zviparadzanise nokukurumidza uye zvadaro sheedzera dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri zvose. Chechipiri, kuti kukura mapazi yaiva pedyo wokugaya gunde, mashizha uye wokugaya wokugaya nokutumbuka, izvo Ichashandiswa kuti paumbwe mudiki atiza.

Cone simuka hunde uye mudzi

Educational zvinyama iri pfungwa achinyanya pamisoro zvinomera, riri chakaderedzwa mutengo ari hunde uye muromo mudzi. The hunde Saka, sezvo mudzi, kuwedzera kureba kwayo nokuda weboka mesodermal masero. Ekupedzisira, akavapindurawo, ari mubishi pakutsunga vanoumba itsva muchitokisi mhando uye munyama. The hunde iri conductive jira (xylem uye phloem), chinokosha inokosha, nechifukidzo, uye zvichingodaro. D.

mudzi kukura nguva ine maitiro ayo. Sezvo ari mudzi magumo uye anokonzera kukura pakureba, ivhu hwakasimba kuti nokukurumidza matete masvingo yedzidzo zvinyama masero, izvo angamisa fission rikurumidze. Saka, pamusoro weboka mapazi ndiwo mudzi chivharo, izvo masero vari sloughed kure pamwe ivhu, nokudaro kudzivirira kudzivirirwa masero mesoderm uye yoga mucous zvinhu izvo kubatsira kukurudzira chirimwa nhengo muromo pachivande.

Meristem - chirimwa tishu edzidzo

Rejira, vanoumba unorema kukura namabukira, madzinde midzi, inozivikanwa se "meristem". jira ichi dzidzo rinoumbwa masero mutete-norusvingo duku, vane hombe tsanga nezviduku vacuoles dzakawanda. Meristem basa - ichi nokukurumidza muchitokisi kupesana uye kuwedzera biomass miti.

Localization meristem rakakamurwa apical, lateral uye intercalary.

• Apical meristems chiri panzvimbo mazano madzinde midzi. Dzinonyanya basa ndiko kuwedzera urefu chirimwa.
• Side yedzidzo jira mhete aimiririra cambium muna hunde uye mudzi pericycle. In meristem herbaceous ichi miti iri kukurumidza kupera, uye iri perennial Woody kuti zvinoita chokumisa uye midzi kukura pahupamhi. Somugumisiro pakati lateral meristem aumba anonzi zvindori wepagore.

• Intercalary, kana intercalary, meristem iri munzvimbo herbaceous zvirimwa nodes. Kupfuura zvose, kwakadai dzidzo zvinoonekwa chinokosha zvikuru mhuri ezviyo, sezvo basa yakawedzera pakureba interstices.

Also dzoga ronda meristems, vari aumba panzvimbo zvokuimba kuvadza chirimwa muviri despecialization yakapoteredza zvinyama (kazhinji parenchyma).

Pakazosvika nguva panowanikwa meristem vari rakakamurwa nesekondari. The chimiro chokutanga muviri embryo wacho, uye yokupedzisira wakatozviitirwa kuchengetwa vaduku zvirimwa kuumbwa.

Uchishandisa zvinhu zviri meristem uchidzidzira

Dzimwe nguva dzinovaraidza kana mubindu miti vanotanga nokukurumidza kukura pakureba, kwete branching kunyika diki divi Matavi. Rokusadyisa hunde kukura kureba, kunge akarwawo kudzingiswa pamusoro wayo. Somugumisiro, kukura cône haazombotaurwi, uye chirimwa anotanga vachishingaira branching nokuda divi gusset neitsvo.

Kana, nekusiyana, zvinokosha kurebesa chirongwa kukura pakureba, kudimburira pamusoro hunde chero zvazvingava hazviiti. Izvi zvichaita kuti kurasikirwa yedzidzo zvinyama kuti ndiye anokonzera nokuwedzera chirimwa muviri.

mhedziso

Cone Rise basa rinokosha iri kukura kasvisto. Zvinonzi inoumbwa mumasero meristem, kana jira yedzidzo, izvo pave itsva apical uye lateral matavi. Cone ndiye kuwedzera itsvo, izvo kudzivirira meristem kubva zvakatipoteredza. Chaizvoizvo, chinhu chipande tibvunze itsva run pashure weboka nokuda mesoderm masero.