General maitiro, kunyanya sechivako arthropods. Mhando arthropods, crustaceans kirasi. Arthropods - nayo ...

Arthropods ndivo vamiririri kupfuura zvinowanzovapo fauna of panyika. Chimbofungidzira: zvavo nhamba pamakumi nguva kupfuura nhamba nedzimwe mhando dzose vasanganiswa! General zvechadenga arthropods, kunyanya kwokunze uye nechomukati dzavo mamiriro, pezvakaitwa upenyu vari munyaya iyi.

dzinogarisana

Arthropods - rakasiyana nemamwe mhuka. Vakaita Inoziva zvose dzinogarisana. Vanogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana munyika, iri yakachena uye munyu nemvura, ivhu, uye parasitic mhando vanogara dzimwe zvinenge. Vanokwanisa kukambaira, akaita ndima muvhu, dzinoshambira, uye Chikurukuru - kubhururuka.

Mamiriro Akaita wokunze mamiriro

Zita iri mhando Chord nokuda Morphology yavo. Arthropods - imhuka kuti tine segmented muviri uye maoko nemakumbo. Bvumiranai, madandaude, magakanje uye nyuchi zvakakwana kutarisa vakasiyana mumwe. Asi, pasinei ichi, muviri wavo rinoumbwa zvikamu zvitatu: musoro, thorax uye dumbu. Vakaronga nemakumbo, nhamba iri rinokosha taxonomic chinhu.

Mumusoro ndivo tunonzwa, ndiyo nhengo havambozivi, uye maziso. Chest akaita aiwanzopiwa wokushanda zvine makumbo uye zvinoshandiswa rinofukidza - mapapiro. Ichi chiri marongerwo uye basa nemano avo kubhururuka. Mudumbu Kazhinji isina yayo, kana vari kunyanya dzakachinjwa. Somuenzaniso, madandaude, vari dzakachinjwa kupinda specialized nemburwa.

zvifukidziro

All arthropods muviri akafuka hobvu cuticle, zvinosanganisira chaiwo pfuma - chitin. Mune dzimwe mhando, dzakadai magakanje uye gakanje, kavha unoumba yakasimba uye simba exoskeleton, mamwe akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya karusiyamu carbonate. Sezvo chitin haasi kukwanisa kutambanudzira ganda rakaita collagen, kukura arthropods mhuka uye kukura vari pamwe nenguva dzirikure molts.

muviri mhango

Arthropods - imhuka, uyo panguva ontogeny mumwe embryo padanho kukura wakaisa yechipiri muviri mhango. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, mukuru lining kwake zvishoma akaparadza, uye merges pamwe chepuraimari. Naizvozvo, muviri mhango ndiyo vakavhengana arthropods. A maitiro chinhu ndiyo pamberi mafuta uye muviri - zvakasiyana-siyana connective zvinyama kwakazara magwanza pakati pezvitunha. Its mamwe zvinhu vari nerubatsiro zvinovaka muviri, paumbwe masero eropa, kudzivirira zvokuimba kukuvara.

muscularity

Muscle arthropods ezvinhu rakaumbwa kuti striated tishu. The fibers aunganidzwa mwanda. mamiriro Izvi zvinoguma chaiwo uye nguva imwe kufamba arthropods.

kuti nhego hurongwa

The zvomudumbu maitiro emhuka kuburikidza mhando. Rapid muviri makemikari kubatsira kutakura mate shwanu uye chiropa. Arthropods - ndivo zvipenyu zviri siyana uye zvokudya mhando. Pakati pavo pane saprotrophs, zvikara, uye tupukanana, uye ropa-yakayamwa mhuka.

The excretory Hurongwa kakawanda anomiririrwa kushandiswa sepombi kana Malpighian tubules. Kweropa - Open mhando. Inoitwa mwoyo uye vascular gadziriro, iyo kuzarura kupinda mumuviri mhango. Pane mixes ropa pamwe Urume mhango, pova chaiyo fuma - hemolymph, izvo chinopa gasi exchange.

kufema ezvinhu anokonzerwa dzinogarisana. To hwemvura zvinenge zviri gills. pano - the trachea kana zvemapapu muhomwe.

Tsinga inovakwa rakanyatsojeka zvakaoma. Uropi chinomiririrwa kushandiswa madhipatimendi: mberi, pakati uye neshure. Mumwe nomumwe wavo innervate zvimwe zvomukati. For arthropods dzinoratidzwa nezveuchenjeri maitiro. Uye kunze chokuziva hunenge vakaumba uye akava - ndokunge.

Dzokubereka nadzo zvinokonzerwa dioecious mhando. Asi muchangosangana inogona zvose zvemukati uye zvokunze, kunoitika kunze munhukadzi muviri. Sezvo kukura - zvakananga uye zvisina kunanga - kubva larval pachikuva.

Classes akadai Arthropods

Ngatimbotaura nezveramangwana kupesana. Several enderana dzakabatana rinobatanidza zvaimirirwa Arthropods: mukirasi crustaceans, arachnids nezvipembenene.

Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane pachake zvachiri. Hazvishamisi kupfuura vakawanda munyika - chaizvo mhando arthropods. Kirasi Crustacea yakasiyana nedzimwe nokuita majoko mbiri tunonzwa mumusoro, gills uye mumasero manyoro. Ndivo vanogara mvura, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vavo vanokwanisa kurarama uye nyoro nenyika dzine. Kirasi Arachnids nyore kusiyaniswa chitarisiko chavo. muviri wavo une rimwe cephalothorax uye dumbu. Vane vana vachifamba nemakumbo, uye chelicerae nogoschupaltsa - kunyanya rikwanise richiripo kuti madandaude kuponjesa muviri waitirwa wake. A maitiro chinhu ndiyo pamberi tupukanana ari mubhokisi matatu yegwara maoko nemakumbo. Hunoshamisa vemamwe pane parasitic mhando, anonyanya outgrowths rinofukidza - mapapiro.

Saka, vamiririri mhando arthropods vane mberi STRUCTURAL zvinhu vakwanise kuchinja akasiyana ezvinhu oupenyu uye kuwana ayo niche dzinogarisana.