Zvokushandisa Ancient: zita

Nhasi, ari sefa dzimwe nguva pane mafirimu nezvoupenyu ose prehistoric murume. Asi chii chakaitika? The Cro-Magnon kuita yako kupembedza nguva? Chii zvokushandisa yekare zvinogona kuonekwa munguva yedu?

mibvunzo yose iyi uchawana mhinduro nokuverenga nyaya ino.

zvichireva

Pfungwa yokutanga akazviratidza murugwaro Karla Marksa. Iye so "zvokuimba achishandisa basa." Akafanirwa kuti kupatsanura pakati zvakawanwa uye kugadzirira periodization zvose omesa kugadzirwa nyaya, musayendisiti German dzakatsigira dzidziso yake evanhu shanduka.

Avo vari, kuti akariisa mutauro zvikuru zvinonzwisisika, mudziyo - iri chero nyaya, kuonga tiri kushanda musi dzinongoitika zvinhu izvo uye kuwana zvinhu zvataida. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe tora pfumo uye kuuraya nemapoka, zvichava zvokudya uye akapfeka dzinza rose. Muchiitiko chino, nepfumo - chombo kuvhima uye kushanda.

dzevanhu sika yekare

Maererano dzidziso Darwin, murume vakashanduka-shanduka kubva kutsoko. Zvechokwadi, vanochera matongo vakawana zvasara mhuka, iyo iri dehenya mamiriro zvimwe netsoko uye vanhu.
Ramapithecus, Australopithecus, Pithecanthropus, Neanderthal murume ... Uyu Transitional Danho kubva mhuka munyika nomunhu.

ano maonero edu anonzi sapiens pamusoro Homo (Homo sapiens), kana Cro-Magnon. The kwaita ndeye nguva makore 40.000 apfuura.

Features kuti kusiyanisa vanhu nemhuka, ipapo paiva matauriro uye anokwanisa Mukuziva simba zviitiko. Kureva, munhu akadzidzira kuti yekare nhumbi basa mazita hatizivi, asi tinogona kudzorera nechitarisiko chavo.

Saka chii madzitateguru edu? All takawana vakaomerera tipone. Paavhareji upenyu anotarisirwa akanga asina kupfuura matatu. Nenzara, zvikara, kukakavara madzinza pedyo, chirwere - zvose izvi zvinhu zvinoomesa zvikuru kuvapo chinyakare vanhu.

Saka, kunovhima uye kuungana akagadzirirwa zvokudya dzinza. Sewing uye kusukuta matehwe dzematehwe - kuti zvienderane vanhu uye putira dzimba.

kunovhima

Hwaro zvokudya murume yekare waiva nyama. Kura zviyo uye miriwo zvirimwa, haana kuziva kuti, uye nezvikara dzinodyiwa zvinomera mhiri asina kudaro kakawanda, uye regai kukura thickly. Uyezve, nguva vakura, kunonyanyisa - kaviri pagore.

Saka pakabva aiva mukuru fishery, iyo anobata yekare vanhu. maturusi iyi zvaiva zvakakodzera. Ungabvunza, tinoziva sei. Pashure pezvose, mashoko akawanda hadzisi inokwanisa makore akawanda vavete pasi, uye uchaponeswa. Izvi zvakadaro, asi pfupa uye ibwe kubatwa zvishoma kuti kukuvara, kunyanya muchando kana yakaoma ivhu.

Uyezve, nhasi pane marudzi vakawanda vachiri kurarama pasi chinyakare zvaiita hurongwa. Izvi muvhimi vemizambiringa kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica, Australia, Pacific Islands uye reAmazon. Nokudzidza pavo, ethnographers bereka zvinhu zvakavapo mazana ezviuru zvemakore apfuura.

Zvikurukuru, ivo aivhima netsvimbo uye namabwe. Gare gare, paiva mapanga namapfumo wakarodzwa uye harpoons, pfumo kufanana. Nokufamba kwenguva akasikwa miseve uye uta nemiseve.

izvi zvokushandisa zvose yekare kubatsira munhu kuti ave nokukurumidza uye akasimba kupfuura akapoteredza fauna of. Pashure pezvose, hapana mazino unopinza kana nenzara amadzitateguru edu havana.

gungano

Kana kuferefeta zvishandiso yekare, mazita vakwire munzira. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti 'rutanda-digger'. How zvimwe kutaura nezvazvo, iyo inotorwa kubva pamidzi enyika, asi musi nefoshoro iye ari kure zvakafanana?

Kazhinji, vakawanda zvinhu vanhu vekare vaishandisa napo. Kureva, banga kwakatsiva nefoshoro, forogo, zvombo, dzimwe nguva itsvedzerere. Sezvo kugadzira midziyo yakadaro yakanga yakaoma, zvinhu zvakanga chaizvo. Zvikurukuru mazita akanaka uye vakabudirira vakapiwa, uye Akapfuura nhaka.

Somuenzaniso, kuti tigamuchire mahwendefa, zvakafanira kuti banga, dzimwe nguva zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti vanopfuura zana kurohwa pamusoro workpiece - Mwoyo wesero. Hakusi nguva dzose mapanga flakes kure mugwara, kunyange paaishandisa zvemazuva ano, kutaura chinhu matambudziko senguva ibwe?

Kuunganidza zvibereko kubva matavi uchishandisa tumiti, matombo, kuchera - pfupa zvimedu, mapanga, kuchera rutanda.

kutanga kugadzira

Ancient zvishandiso chinyakare yevanhu basa vaiva inoshanda chaizvo. Vari chinangwa kutsauka chiito uye zvinokosha kugadzira. About chero pezvisingakoshi zvishongo uye muzviruva basa vatenzi kwayo zvakadaro haana kuenda.

ikozvino tiri kuzivikanwa cores uye scrapers, mapanga, izvo zvakaitwa pakutanga kubva chimwe, uye ipapo kubva flakes. Gare gare, paiva chezero, namasanhu nezvimwe zvokushandisa.

Iyo anonyanya nehanya nevanhu ivavo dzakaoma? Safety, zvokudya, kudziya. Nokuti upenyu, vakagara chaiwo utiziro - mumapako, mawere, nemakoronga. Nokufamba kwenguva, takadzidza kuvaka dzimba uye kuti moto.

About sei kuitira zvokudya ataurwa pamusoro. Ko kupisa? Ndezvipi zvokushandisa vekare, muchiitiko ichi, uye sei zvaishandiswa? Pakarepo, tinoona kuti iri kosi vaiva zvinhu kwaswedera. Scrapers uye mapanga ganda dzakagadzirwa nesilicon. chicherwa ichi ane terrific pfuma. Kune rumwe rutivi zvinonzi zvakanaka foliated, nomumwe - hwakasimba chaizvo.

Tsono dzakagadzirwa zvimedu mapfupa mhuka kana hove. Kunyange zvazvo pakutanga zvakanga chete mutsunda. Eyelet nayo akazviratidza zvikuru paya.

Mbezo, sando, chibooreso akasimuka apo kwaidiwa kwavari. Ezvemutauro izvi anoshandiswa, sezvazvakaita nhasi, nokuti pakuvaka dzimba, gouging magwa uye mamwe mabasa.

Basa zvekushandisa mune emunhu

Masayendisiti nhasi vanofarira kwete kare vanhu chete. Ezvemutauro pachavo tiri zvakawanda.

Chekutanga, maererano kunzwisisa zvinhu, rinogona akapedzisa pamusoro pokumuka ukama munharaunda, paumbwe mapoka evanhu. Mumwe anogona kuvhima, zvakadai zvayo. Asi ari oga kuuraya uye kudya nemapoka, kunyange tichibatsirwa nehama, vachava zvakaoma.

A rudzi aiva tsika, akaisa zvido boka pamusoro zvinotarisirwa nevanhu. Naizvozvo, pfumo throwers risati uta anoratidza matauriro uye sangano kukura mabasa. Saka, kunyange zvazvo vatungamiriri Wakatotanga kumira kunze, uyo akava dziite chikwata uye kutungamirira boka kuti kuvavarira.

Chechipiri, kudzidza zvishandiso vekare, tinogona kuona kuti akafanana mumwe, kunyange pashure pezviuru zvemakore. Kureva, waiva muitiro kudzidza kuagadzira.

zviridzwa Yekare basa nhasi

Nhasi, isu, Chokwadi, vakapamba pachiyero zvokugadzira zvinhu kukura, asi ari danidziro basa banga uye danda haina akadzima. Asi shure ichi.

Yanhasi chokwadi ndechokuti kuti kundosangana munhu, nenyanzvi paaipa atlatl uye uta, unofanira kuenda kure nzvimbo panyika. Bushmen Somuenzaniso, muna African savanna vachiri kurarama ari Stone Age. Havaiti chaizvoizvo kunzwisisa zvinhu kuti tishandise. Naizvozvo, nhasi havachisiri kukuvadza ari kumanikidza chakasimwa "chisikwa hwomutambarakede." Vaongorori nyore kudzidza mararamiro avo uye nzira youpenyu.

Namapfumo uye boomerangs, anokotamisa uye bolas vari kubudirira kushandiswa munyika dzakasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, kukura dzokumaruwa chechetere, anoti nematurusi avo.

Somuenzaniso, Avstraliyskie Aborigeny havazivi Luke, uyo munotoriziva sei kushandisa mu Africa. Muna reAmazon uye prairies kupararira bolas (mbiri sinker, waakaita nedehwe ngaasungirire) - iri kumumvuri kubva muchipfuramabwe. Uye havana kukotamira asi zvikuru kunodiwa.

Museums - zvinooneka kuti vadzidzi

Zvino fungidzira kuti daze kwako muchikoro vakakumbirwa kuti ufananidzirepo mapepa zvakafanana Ezvemutauro. Zvino akatendeukira iwe rubatsiro. How vaswedere yekare nhumbi basa? Regai kuenda zvakanaka izvi Australia uone uone rutanda.

Nhasi, hazvina zvachose kwete zvakakodzera. Unogona kuyeva rakakura muunganidzwa anowana chero romunzvimbo munhau, nhoroondo, matongo kana ethnographic miziyamu.

Rombo rakanaka kwamuri, dzinodiwa vaverengi!