Zingi zinc hydroxide: zvivako, mafomu uye basa zvakasikwa

Hazvina chakavanzika kuti zingi zinc hydroxide zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa nenyanzvi ano. A kuwanda kwavo kushandiswa kunobva panyama uye makemikari zvivako.

Sezvineiwo, mhangura-zingi chiwanikwa kushandiswa nevaIjipiti vekare, uye pashure hweRoma. Asi pano zingi zvaisaita govera yakachena chimiro kwemakore akawanda. Chete muna 1746, A. Marggraff kutanga akamuka simbi iri kwayo yakachena chimiro. Muzana nemanomwe remakore zingi simbi kare kunze pamusoro muindasitiri akamboona.

Zingi: zvemakemikari zvivako uye tsanangudzo pfupi

Zingi ndiye simbi kuti svikiro pokuoma. Zvinofadza kuti zviri zvikuru pfava yakaderera tembiricha. Asi pane imwe tembiricha 100 kusvika 150 Celsius kuva nyore kufurirwa simbi - iri kugadzirwa kubva papepa kana foil aine ukobvu shoma zvikuru pane imwe millimeter.

Mukuona namakemikari ane zingi atomu pamwe ane oxidation nhamba kuti +2. Zviri chaizvo simbi iyo paChikoro maitiro ari kuderedza zvaanoda. Sezvineiwo, zviri mumhepo, dzimwe kutonhora kusvika madhigirii 100, zingi nokukurumidza anopera, pamusoro rinofukidzwa nhete anoonekwa carbonates. Kana mhepo uchiri munyoro uye rine yakawanda pamusoro carbon dioxide, ipapo simbi yava kuparadzwa.

Zingi zvitema murazvo unopfuta kuvapo okisijeni panguva kudziyisa kana - mu Muzviitiko zvakadaro, combustion muitiro achabatsirwa paumbwe chena utsi (ichi chakaumbwa oxide).

Zingi zvaanoita nyore zvinhu uye vamwe acids uye nezvigadziko, zvichiumba munyu, zinc hydroxide, ukuwo.

Nhasi izvozvo zvinozivikanwa pamusoro 66 zvicherwa kuti ane zingi - uye ivo chikuru chinokonzera kuti maindasitiri kweShanduro simbi. Somuenzaniso calamites, zincite, willemite, Franck lignite uye smithsonite.

Zingi Gidroskid: mumuviri makemikari zvivako

Zingi (II) hydroxide zvakare zvikuru, sezvo rinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana namakemikari maindasitiri. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, fuma iri diki, Hauoneki crystals yakanga kushanda insoluble mumvura. hydroxide The fomura ndiko:

Zn (OH) 2

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti fuma iyi ine hwakanyatsorwisa simba amphoteric ehupfumi. Zingi hydroxide ikasakendenga pamwe acids, kupinda neutralization maitiro uye nokudaro wezvamatongerwe munyu, uye mvura. Somuenzaniso:

Zn (OH) 2 + H2SO4 = ZnSO4 +2 H2O

Zvisinei, zingi hydroxide ikasakendenga pamwe alkalis nokuumba munyu yakaoma uye mvura. Somuenzaniso:

Zn (OH) 2 + 2NaOH = Na2ZnO2 + 2H2O

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kana nenharo fuma uchiora iumbe oxide uye mvura:

Zn (OH) 2 = ZnO + H2O

Kana munda chikumbiro, ari hydroxide rinoshandiswa makemikari indasitiri kuti kugadzirira yeimwe siyana zingi, zvikurukuru, munyu dzaro.

Zingi uye kushandiswa kwayo

Hapana chakavanzika zingi unoshandiswa nevakawanda sezvo ngura inhibitor, izvo zvinenge zvakazara simbi nesimbi. Uyezve, guru uwandu anogadzirwa simbi inoshandiswa kugadzira nendarira uye ndarira.

Sezvineiwo, zviri pakaoma bhatiri zingi rinoshandiswa sezvo anode, uye anoshumirawo somutariri mudziyo. Uyezve, imwe simbi rinoshandiswa panguva nekupatsanurwa vanokudzwa simbi (semuenzaniso, goridhe) mutobvu. Vamwe yeimwe ose zingi vanoonekwa nevakawanda semiconductor zvinhu.

Zingi ari muviri mupenyu

Kutaura chokwadi, zvakaoma kuona basa zingi muupenyu chero muviri mupenyu, kusanganisira vanhu. Pasinei pfupi yakaderera zvese, ndizvo chikamu makemikari zvinokosha munyaya nedanho mapuroteni usage, sero afemeruke, etc. Zingi ndiye anokonzera kukura fetus marangwanda. Rakaratidza kuti kukwana yakawanda chicherwa anogona kunonoka kuyaruka uye chitarisiko dwarfism.