Vagari Verenga Russian Empire muna 1897. Yokutanga vakawanda vaverengwe

Russian Empire Census (1897) akanga asiri rokutanga rwayo muna Russia. Zvinozivikanwa kuti munhu vaverengwe akaita nguva nenguva pamusoro munharaunda Russian ukuru, khans, Kaganates, kuti vaone sei mari yakawanda kunogona kuwanikwa kubva vagari nharaunda kupiwa. Somuenzaniso, vanyori venhau dzakaitika yakasimbiswa kuti okuverengwa nguva Peter Vokutanga kuona zvachose Vagari yeRussian Empire (panguva) pachiyero mamiriyoni gumi vanhu. Pakati abolition kuti serfdom uye 1917 Russia rakaitwa anenge mazana maviri nyaya zviitiko mumaguta akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira Livonia, Courland uye Estland neyenyika capitation zvinyorwa zvevanhu vanogara ikoko kwaitwa.

Zvakabuda okuverengwa wakatorwa mavhoriyamu anenge 90

Russian Empire Census kubva 1897 rakagadzirirwa muna 1874. Kunyanya, mumakore maviri asati nhoroondo zviitiko zviri Russian Statistical mabasa zvakarambidzwa, chokuita pakuwana umboo kubva yevagari. Sezvo June 1895 ari chamber Nicholas II akasaina chirevo umo zvikaonekwa kuti vanhu vaverengwe chinofanira kuona murwiyo, kukura uye kuparadzira vakawanda, kusanganisira vagari vose Russian uye vatorwa. Kuti aite kudaro zviitiko pamwero mukuru ave dzinounzwa mamiriyoni 7 rubles. Uye migumisiro dzave aunganidzwa uye akabudiswa zvakajeka chete muna 1905, mabhuku anenge makumi mapfumbamwe.

Muna Russian Empire akataura mitauro zana

Russian Empire Census (1897) vakawana kuti vose vanhu vanhu vanenge 125 640 000, izvo mutauro wavo mamiriyoni Russian 55,6, Little Russian nyika - mamiriyoni 22, Belarus - 5.8 miriyoni Senzira hwacho. apo zvaisanganisira nyika Polish, ipapo mutauro unotaurwa mamiriyoni 7,9 vagere, uye vokuMoldova uye Romanian - vanhu mamiriyoni 1.21. Hebrew panguva kushandiswa vanenge mamiriyoni 5,06 vagari. Chinonyanya dziwande duku mitauro, zvakajairika panguva iyoyo muRussia yaisanganisira: Spanish uye Portuguese - 138, Dutch - 335 vakurukuri, uyewo Hindu, Kisti, Lezgin, Chuvan, Afghanistan.

Russian Empire Census (1897) akaratidza kuti kuRussia kurarama vatakuri mitauro yokumwe akadai Chinese - 57 zviuru Pers, Japanese -.... Zviuru chete 2.6 Pers, Korean -. Vanenge 26 zviuru People. yaiva yakawanda vachitaura German - Armenian vanenge mamiriyoni 1,7 - vanhu mamiriyoni 1.17. boka uremu vaiva vatakuri mutauro wechiTatar - mamiriyoni 3,73, Bashkir - vanhu mamiriyoni 1.31, ari Kyrgyz -. vanhu About mamiriyoni 4.

Historical zvinyorwa akachengetedza isu nzvimbo masayendisiti kuti kwakabva imwe mutauro panguva kuti mashoko yakati ano dzimwe nguva kwakarasika. Somuenzaniso, mutauro Yakut wakabatana Turkish-wechiTatar mutauro. All muchiRussia Umambo panguva, pakanga anopfuura zana mitauro pamutemo akagadzawo uye tumitauro dzaiva chizvarwa kune vakawanda munzvimbo kupiwa. mutauro System, uye mumazuva iwayo, uye nhasi ndiwo mutauro Russian, izvo zvinoita vanhu kunzwisisa mumwe, apo kuramba pachako kwavo.

Nokunyora aiva ose wechishanu chete

Yokutanga vakawanda Verenga Russian Empire (1897) kuitwa zvikuru vakadzidziswa nevanyori, uyo akagamuchira menduru kuti kupindira yakadaro chiitiko. Vakaita basa guru rokuzadza ari dzinokwana nemibvunzo vanenge mamiriyoni matatu, sezvo varimi vakawanda vakanga vasingagoni kuverenga nokunyora kana kuverenga nokunyora kumaruwa. Uye nhamba iyi zvinoratidzwa nhamba - panguva iyoyo muRussia ndiye chete kuverenga rimwe vanhu vashanu, apo pakati vanhu chikamu "vakadzidza" oda 30%, ukuwo pakati pavakadzi - muzana chete anenge 13 pagore. An dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti mubvunzo pamusoro zita rake mukadzi pakati vanhuwo zvavo, vazhinji vakapindura kuti mudzimai wake vakati vachinzi munhu "musikana."

Vashambadzi vaiva asingasviki vaprista

Maererano Verenga Russian Empire (1897), ruzhinji vanhu vaigara mumaruwa (anenge 87 muzana) uye vakaumba boka kuvanhuwo zvavo (77 muzana vomunyika dzose). Next pakukura vaiva vanhuwo zvavo - vanenge 11 muzana, "vatorwa" - anenge 6,5 muzana, Cossack - 2.3 muzana. Vanhu Russian Empire panguva iyoyo akanga achiparidza kunyanya kuti kurimwa nyika, kwete kutengeswa. Vashambadzi vakaverengwa 0.2 muzana, yaiva shoma pane vafundisi (hafu muzana) namakurukota (hafu muzana). Uyewo mune pamazita yaisanganisira vamwe vanhu - 0,4 muzana.

Kutama aida zvikuru mvumo

Russian Empire Census (1897) vakawana kuti apo Russia aiva murimi mudiki-pakati-kirasi, apo burgers vaiva dzakaunganidzwa vatengesi duku, navapfuri vesimbi, dzomumaguta vagari, muridzi vakawanda pfuma mumaguta, uye vaiva mukuru mitero. Pakazosvika nguva okuverengwa mukirasi iyi haisi pasi koporo kurohwa, dzaiva kushandiswawo kusvikira pakati rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore. VaFirisitia panzvimbo yavo vanhu vaiva kuvatumwa vatengesi, ivo anonzi rimwe guta chaiwo (muguta anodzvinyirira bhuku). Kusiya nzvimbo yake yaanogara zvokubatabata aigona kuva nguva pfupi pasipoti uye kutamira kune imwe nzvimbo - chete mvumo nezviremera. Zvichida, namazuva iwayo, kana kufamba mu Russia zvaiita chete kuburikidza bureaucratic chokungoitawo, aderedza mufambo yazvino vemo.

Pakati vatengesi uye vanokudzwa

Chii dzinonakidza zvinhu uchiri imwe nyaya kwatiri? Russian Empire Census (1897) yakanyorwa kuti mune Russian vanhu vave-saka kunzi "vagari vanokudzwa", izvo chakaita kuti 0.3% kubva zvachose kwevanhu. Yaiva kirasi zvenguva pakati anokudzwa vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata nevatengesi, izvo akabvumira kuchengetedza pamusoro kupinda rokutanga "anokudzwa ropa" uye kundosangana pachavo vavariro yokupedzisira. Honorary chizvarwa, uyewo kwamachinda, aigona kuva oga, uye nhaka. Personal unokudzwa kodzero akatambanudzira chete kuti mutakuri chiziviso ichi, uye mudzimai wake, apo nhaka ukuwo, vaiva zvizvarwa anaro zita rokuti.

Mumazuva iwayo, paiva zvakawanda vatendi uye machechi kupfuura iye zvino

Russian Empire Census (1897) akaratidza kuti huru chitendero chaiva Orthodoxy kuti kwaiitwa inenge 70 muzana yevagari. Second chete vaKristu ipapo vaiva vaMuslim - vanenge 11.1 muzana, vateveri yeRoma akaenda mberi - anenge mapfumbamwe kubva muzana, uye 4.2 muzana yevagari vemo vaiva vaJudha. marudzi Russian ipapo vakanga vakazvipira chaizvo, maererano nayo rakavakwa vakawanda zvitendero. Somuenzaniso, muna Russia panguva Guru October Socialist Revolution kwaiva nemachechi uye machechi anenge 65,000 Orthodox, ukuwo ano Chechi yeOrthodox yokuRussia ane 29-30 zviuru machechi, kusanganisira vaya vari Belarus, kuBaltic States, Ukraine nevamwe.

kumaguta makuru

Ndezvipi chokwadi chakaziviswa mumwe vaverengwe (1897)? Zvakabuda yokudzidza ichi inotipa uzive chii muRussia ikako misha zvikuru. Guta guru mamiriro panguva (Moscow, St. Petersburg) raiva kumaguta makuru. Paiva vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 1,2. The "guru" chechipiri pakukura yaiva Moscow - vanhu mamiriyoni 1,038. Vanopfuura hafu yemiriyoni vanhu vaigara Warsaw (683 zviuru.), Izvo akanga chikamu Russian Empire (nharaunda kwoumambo Poland). Kuwedzera pane zviri pamusoro apa, zviri mepu yacho panguva iyoyo inenge 40 maguta ane vanhu vanopfuura 50 000 vanhu.

Zvikuru kukosha kuti kare ano vari pachavo ari nemibvunzo, apo mashoko chikuru zvinoratidzwa. Izvi, mumwe aigona kudzidza zvakawanda. Zvisinei, vakawanda mapepa yakanga yaparadzwa, uye isu tiri kugutsikana kupatsanurwa mashoko.