Education Old Russian mamiriro

Maererano nedzimwe ruzivo, paumbwe yekare Russian mamiriro waiva mugumisiro tichibatanidza madzinza Eastern necheSalvic. Zvisinei, paiva kusawirirana pakati zhinji kare pamusoro paumbwe simba. Izvi imhaka yakatanga anenge 200 apfuura, vanonzi "Norman pfungwa".

YaMakoronike yekare mugore 862 anotaurwa sezvo nguva rakapihwa machinda Varangian pamwe zvakazara pamusoro pavo Rurik muna necheSalvic munyika. Izvi vanoda kwamuka nokuda kuwanda yomunyika kukakavara. Vagari dzekuma Scandinavia (Prince-VaViking) vanonzi vamwe manyuko "vanhu hwokuchamhembe" - ari Normans.

Discussions pamusoro ravo guru rakatanga muzana remakore rechi18 pashure kuvambwa Academy of Sciences uye kuchinja Petro 1. Panguva iyoyo, kuzoshanda mu St. Petersburg Academy of Schletzer, Miller uye Bayer vakava havaoni kuti zvekungofungira sei dzidzo aiva Old Russian mamiriro. "Norman pfungwa" anoratidza kuti hurumende vakauya Scandinavians. Saka, simba haisi inoumbwa ne Slavs, namachinda, kuti VaViking. Panguva iyoyo yakatanga kuparadzira, uye mumwe, "antinormannskoe kubvuma." havaoni Its, Lomonosov uye Trediakovskii nharo kuti paumbwe yekare Russian hurumende ndiyo kadhi kuna Slavs.

Mune imwe dhigirii kana mumwe, vakawanda kare muzana remakore rechi19 vaiva vatsigiri yokufungidzira pamusoro paumbwe VaViking masimba. Zvisinei, nhoroondo sayenzi rechi20 remakore Norman dzidziso pasi zvakakomba kutsoropodzwa. Somugumisiro, nhasi vakawanda masayendisiti uye vatsvakurudzi kare regai kuramba zvinoitwa nevamwe Normans iri paumbwe Russian statehood, asi rwakadini simba ichi hachisi kuwedzeredzwa.

In kuMabvazuva madzinza necheSalvic, vatungamiriri anonzi Prince. Pedigree madzimambo uye machinda ehurumende yakanga neZvapupu Prince Rurik kuti VaViking.

Pakafa Rurik, Muchinda Novgorod, kuti VaViking vakasvika Dnieper. Mubati Russia rekare chaiyo yakanga Oleg. About kuramba chaiwo mashoko ayo. Oleg akatanga kubatanidza nyika amarudzi necheSalvic. Muna 882, iye akakunda Kyiv, akauraya akatonga ipapo Askold uye DIR. Kuita guta guru, Oleg akamudana "mai mumaguta Russian." Saka, paiva paumbwe Old Russian mamiriro Kievan Rus.

Paitonga Oleg ndakanga mamwe hondo yakanaka nesimba Byzantium, kaviri akaenda kungofamba kuConstantinople. Somugumisiro webasa iri 907 uye 911 makore Russia wakapinda zvakanaka runyararo zvibvumirano.

Old Russian mamiriro inotungamirwa mberi pashure pashure Oleg akatsiviwa ne Igor. Maererano nemamwe mabhuku, aiva mwanakomana Rurik. Paitonga Igor akaramba kwebasa rinofanira Kievan Rus akasiyana kwemadzinza idzodzo. Saka, akanga paku pakazvarwa nemisha Russian pamusoro Peninsula pamusoro Taman, vakakundwa chaizomuita kuti ave nemhosva. Uyezve, Igor chaizvo nokushingaira vakaramba vatorwa wokuti Oleg. Mushure rutsigiro rwemauto pamusoro Byzantium iye ndarisaina muna 944 chibvumirano vashanduri zvinobatsira. Mumwe wokutanga Prince Igor yakabonderana ane Turkish zvavo boka - Pechenegs.

mutongi wokutanga anozivikanwa kare, aiva Olga, chirikadzi Prince Igor. Princess akakwanisa batisisa simba, kwete chete pamusoro Kiev, asiwo pamusoro yose Rus. Paitonga Olga vaiva kukurairisai yaidzorwa rechibharo mitoro.

Old Russian dzidzo mamiriro kusvikira pakutonga Yaroslav (1019-1054). mutongi Izvi pakunzi "Takachenjera". Jaroslav vakabatana kwavo simba anenge ose yekare nyika Russian. Prince akatora "Russian Chokwadi" wokutanga zvemitemo remitemo. Panguva yokutonga kwake umambo asvika kukwirira kwesimba raro.