The chafariz simba remagetsi zvayo kushanda

Chikonzero kudziyisa kondakita iri ndechokuti simba pamusoro maerekitironi uchifamba mariri (nemamwe mazwi, kuitika simba) pa anotevedzana kudhumhana pakati nezvimedu pamwe ions ari samolecular yekamuri pamusoro simbi chinhu ari dzikwanise ushamwari mhando simba kana Q, sezvo inoumbwa rokuti "chafariz chiyamuro".

Current basa kunoyerwa nokushandisa dzakawanda hurongwa vezvikwata, nokushandisa kwachiri joules (J), kuitika vanokwanisa kunotemwa se "watt" (W). Vakabva wemuTesitamende tsika, anogona kushandiswa kusanganisira non-SI zviumbu kuti ayere ano basa. Pakati pavo zvatinoita mazuva ese zvive (W × h) munhu kilowatt-awa (rakapfupikiswa KW × h). Somuenzaniso, 1 × W bare rinoreva kuitika basa ane zvakananga simba 1 watt uye nguva nenguva awa rimwe.

Kana maerekitironi zvinokambaira mira kondakita nesimbi, muchiitiko ichi yose anobatsira basa wakadenha ano riri dzive muchidziisa simbi mamiriro, uye, inobva zvokudya mutemo kuchengetedza simba, rinogona yakarondedzerwa nzira Q = A = IUt = I ² RT = (U ² / R) * t. Kwakadaro nomukadzi zvakarurama akaratidza anozivikanwa mutemo gst boces. Kare, rakanga kutanga vafunga empirically musayendisiti D. Joel pakati pezana remakore rechi19, uye panguva imwecheteyo, vakazvimirira, neimwe musayendisiti - E.Lentsem. Practical pokushandisa chafariz simba rinowanikwa hwokugadzira chokupika nokugadzirwa ane 1873 ne Russian injiniya A. Ladygin munhuwo incandescent mwenje.

Thermal simba goho riri kushanda munyika dzinoverengeka midziyo yemagetsi uye maindasitiri zvivako, kureva muna chafariz zvishandiso, kudziyisa, zvakadai dzemagetsi yamavira, yemagetsi nomoto midziyo kuti uwandu uye inowanzowanika chaizvo imba midziyo yemagetsi iri zvemagetsi kudziyisa chaizvoizvo - boilers, pokunamatidza simbi, kettles, simbi.

Unowana pacharo uye chafariz mugumisiro yaigadzira zvokudya. Rurefu inorwara aishanda yemagetsi-kudziyisa mukana kuti kunovimbisa chafariz chinzvimbo. Nekuti kuitika uye chafariz simba kukanganisa chikafu chigadzirwa, iyo ine zvimwe mwero nemishonga, zvichiita rinopisa zvakaenzana. Mumwe anogona kumbotipa sezvo muenzaniso sei anogadzirwa Sausages: kuburikidza nyama chaiyo dispenser minced anopinda simbi anoumba, masvingo iyo vanoshandawo sezvo electrodes. Inoshandiswawo Ikoko chenguva yunifomu kudziyisa pamusoro nharaunda yose uye Vhoriyamu chigadzirwa, tembiricha achida anodzokororwa Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri zvipenyu kukosha zvokudya chigadzirwa, pamwe izvi zvinhu ya kwesayenzi akavhiyiwa uye simba rakawanda ndivo rakadzika.

The dzakananga Kupisa vanokwanisa electric ano (ω), mune mamwe mashoko - chitsama kupisa kuti anosunungurwa paminiti chikwata vhoriyamu mune imwe chikwata nguva rinowanikwa sezvinotevera. Zvokuvamba cylindrical kondakita vhoriyamu (DV), aine muchinjikwa-chikamu waya DS, urefu KE, newokuti kutungamirirwa ano, uye kuzvidzivirira ndiyo mukana wokuti vanhu vanga R = S. (KE / DS) , DV = dSdl.

Maererano tsanangudzo mutemo gst boces, nokuti yakagoverwa nguva (DT) ari kuonana vhoriyamu wakatorwa kumhuka kupisa pamwero wakaenzana dQ = I ² Rdt = S. (KE / DS) (jdS) ² DT = pj ² dVdt. Muchiitiko chino, ω = (dQ) / (dVdt ) = pj ^2, uye pano kushandisa mutemo Ohm kuti kumisa kuitika arambe achirema J = γE reshiyo uye p = 1 / γ, isu pakarepo kuwana mashoko ω = Je = γE ^2. Zviri differential Maumbirwe anopa pfungwa mutemo gst boces vake.