Sei kubva ethane chloroethane mu Organic Chemistry

Kuti tinzwisise sei kubva ethane chloroethane kutanga kuongorora zvikuru muganhu yeHydrocarbon ethane.

tsananguro pfupi ethane

yeHydrocarbon ichi ane nzira C2H6. Carbons ari Morekuru vari sp3 chemasanganiswa mamiriro. Izvi zvinoratidzwa mumuviri uye namakemikari zvivako zviri pfuma. Under zvavo ezvinhu ethane gaseous fuma zviri zvishoma soluble mumvura. Kufanana nedzimwe nhengo dzose mukirasi alkanes, ethane ane nomuti zvisungo kuroorwa. Izvi zvinoratidzwa makemikari ehupfumi ari yeHydrocarbon. Haagoni kupinda imwe kuwedzera maitiro, nokuti akabvumira chete yakakura kuzvitsinhanisa.

The peculiarity of kuerera

Regai titsanangure sei kuti kubva ethane chloroethane. Nokuti ichi zvakafanira kuitisa maitiro pakati ethane uye kuiisa chlorine pamberi chiedza quantum (kwakakwidziridzwa tembiricha). Nokuda homolytic atsamwira yakafanira kuiisa chlorine radicals vari aumba. Nokuti paumbwe akasununguka radicals kunoda mumwe simba rakawanda.

Inogona kutengwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Somumwe pachake yakakura inotungamirwa anogona kufunga chafariz pyrolysis. Kuti vawane chloroethane kubva ethane, mukana wokuti vanhu vanga rakanyorwa panguva tembiricha anenge 500 ⁰ C. Kuti simba iyo anosunungurwa kana ichi zvakakwana kuti kutyora zvisungo. A nzira rokuumba vanoshingaira radicals rwechipiri kushandisa ultraviolet mwaranzi.

Mashandiro yakakura kuzvitsinhanisa

Funga sezvo ethane vanogamuchira chloroethane. Mukana wokuti vanhu vanga kuita rinobva maererano mashandiro chiito pamusoro SR-alkanes pamwe halogens. In gasi danho pasi zvakaitwa ethane kuiisa chlorine pakutanga kuitika dissociation kuti kuiisa chlorine pasi UV. danho iri rinonzi mharuro, izvozvo kunoratidzwa panowanikwa tudonhwe vanoshingaira kuiisa chlorine radicals. The zvichiguma nezvimedu kurwisa ethane Morekuru, achiumba rehydrogen chloride, uyewo ethyl kukuru C2H5.

Kuramba kutaura sei kuti kubva ethane chloroethane. Munyaya inotevera danho ethyl kukuru iri vakaita kuiisa chlorine Morekuru, achiumba etanhlorid uye mumwe kuiisa chlorine kukuru. Kuti anokwanisa sei zvakare, kupfuurira cheni kuita yatinofema. Danho iri rinonzi kupararira. Huwandu vanoshingaira radicals Panguva iyi kukurukurirana haina kushanduka, uye zvakachengetwa zvakazara. Sezvo kuguma kutenderera anoita wechitatu maitiro danho, unonzi cheni kugumiswa. It kunoreva kudhumhana vakasununguka nezvimedu, zvichiguma nokuumbwa kuita zvinhu.

kunyoresa

Mhinduro kumubvunzo sei kuti kubva ethane chloroethane. Ngatikurukurei kushandiswa. The zvichiguma chloroethyl chinhu chakakura marwadzo fuma. Rinoshandiswa sechinhu rufimbi mune zvomusejari kushandiswa. masekondi maviri kana matatu chete kuitira kurerutsa injini basa.

The chikuru kushayiwa nefuma, tinoona zvingangoita ovhadhozi. Kunyange zvishomanana kuwedzera zvinobvumidzwa mwero kunokonzera zvinetso zvakakomba kuti muviri womunhu. Nhasi chloroethane chete mune zvimwe zviitiko rinoshandiswa senzira marwadzo fuma.

Kazhinji ari kudiwa sechinhu kukamura uchishandisa mumiririri kwenguva pfupi pose yokutindivadza ganda. Kuwana paganda, nefuma iri vaporized, pane ganda hypothermia, ayo utetsa zvinoderedza, kwamakadarika zvinovawo zvinobvira kuita cheka, i.e., kuita zviduku kushandiswa pemvura.

Uyewo, nefuma akashandiswa rutapudzo ose pruritus, pakurapa chafariz kutsva, neuromyositis, cryotherapy kuzvimba. The ampoule yakatanga neshungu muchanza, ari ipapo kunangidzirwa ndege kune ganda. For kuchirapa zvinangwa, muitiro rinoitwa kamwe pazuva kwemazuva 7-10.