Catherine turakiti (Old Kaluga mugwagwa): tsananguro, nhoroondo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Kubva Moscow Trade Union mumigwagwa, Rwaipfuura Ring Road, yakakurumbira Catherine nzira kunotanga, mune mamwe mashoko - Old Kaluga mumugwagwa uye zvishoma kurutivi - yeUnited Mugwagwa "Moscow-Belarus" (A101). On kwayo pamusoro - nyaya pacharo, maguta akadai Roslavl Yukhnov, Kaluga, Medyn, Maloyaroslavets Obninsk, Balabanovo, Troitsk, uye nemisha duku zhinji, kwete zvishoma mbiri uye kunyange aenda zvikuru yevaKristu yekare.

kutanga

Catherine turakiti iripo kubvira pakupera kwezana remakore hwegumi, asi aizivikanwa sezvo Old Kaluga mugwagwa, sezvo ushe Catherine zvichiitika zvikuru gare gare. Pairi vakafamba kubva kuMoscow Kaluga, uye kaluzhane muMoscow. Inokuvadza mugwagwa yakanga panguva, hapana achachengetwa. Yakanga nzira Catherine kwakaita kuMoscow, siyana nechisimba kubva kumaodzanyemba nokumadokero, vose kupfuura kunoparadza vachirwisa kwakaitika mhiri.

Pakupedzisira, muna 1370-ies pamusoro nzira kuguta guru vacho mutsva kuzvidzivirira mutsetse, iro akakwanisa yakavimbika kuvharidzira nzvimbo iyi, guta Kaluga. Zvino Catherine turakiti maruva sorwizi maruva, musha muduku uri zvose Mahombekombe ayo.

nharaunda

Hunhu pano wakajeka! Ndokusaka kudanana nzvimbo dzepamusorosoro vanhu Moscow. Sezvo nemanomwe remakore, machinda hongu boyars akasarudza nyika pasi wemunda mhuri apo Catherine turakiti akapfuura. Akavaka namakurukota uye vatengesi dzakapfuma, uyewo vakadzidza mukirasi. Sezvo zvino vanoti, pano vakasiya zvisaririra dzavo vakakurumbira kwokufananidzira sainzi, tsika, iwe, kwete dzakakudzingai vamiririri rokusika intelligentsia.

Ndinofanira kubvuma kuti munguva Soviet ari kufarira nerunako ari Kaluga nyika isingagari zvapera. Kusvikira ikozvino, nzira yakare Catherine ndiro nzvimbo zvomusi anopa "pokatushek" kuongorora mudiki cyclists. Nhoroondo iri kumucheto zvinoshamisa uye dzinokwezva vanhu vakuru vanosvika dzemo zvinokwezva zviri jeeps.

Maloyaroslavets

Kwemazana emakore akawanda yomunharaunda nyika vakaona hondo zvose kuti vaifanira kuenda kubudikidza nyika, uye yakanga yashatiswa kupfuura vamwe. Zvisinei, apo ari mugwara Catherine, aivapo akawanda kwazvo vakwegura dzimba, matunhu, machechi, dzemamongi. Somuenzaniso, vakadzi St. Nicholas Chernoostrovsky yemamongi gedhi muna Maloyaroslavets vanochengeta zvisaririra pfuti volleys hondo Napoleon raMwari.

Ichi ndicho chiratidzo kune vasingatendi! Shards pakati cores uye grapeshot dzine vakapfuura mhiri pemvura pasuwo, nomufananidzo Kristu, uye chete chiso chake nenzira inoshamisa unhurt. Huge kuchereka zvinogona kuonekwa ikozvino. Uye Kristu ndiye zvose akarurama anotarira nyika - uye zvinyoronyoro, uye vzyskuyusche.

Valuev uye Red

Zvivako zhinji nhoroondo Russian akachengeta nzira Catherine raMwari! Moscow nharaunda uye Kaluga vakanga kusimba akapfuma zvinokwezva. Unogona kutongwa kubva yakasarira papi. Somuenzaniso, Valuevo Manor, yakavakwa nemanomwe remakore. Mavakirwo hunoshamisa runako, ndicho chikonzero panguva dzakasiyana-siyana pano akararama machinda uye courtiers, calculators uye Marshal: Meshchersky, gobvu, Shepelevo uye Musin-Pushkin.

No Manor zvishoma yakanaka Red, yakavambwa mukuvamba nemasere remakore. musha uyu ichiri pasina Manor akapiwa Prince Alexander, uye ipapo akagadzirisa pano Saltykov, uye muna 1812 zviri pano kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu hondo Mikhail Kutuzov. Zviri zvemakiromita kubva Moscow chete-maviri navashanu.

kuenda mberi

Pedyo, uyewo muna maviri nemashanu makiromita kure, nzvimbo kugarwa pamusoro Alexandrovo, waiva patrimony yaiva yakakurumbira Morozov (rangarira Boyarina meso vane mifananidzo Surikov), rinotaurwa muna Monuments of 1607. Pano, panzvimbo yechipiri yezana namasere remakore kumera mumwe neimba - Shchapovo, yakavambwa nehama Grushevskogo.

Papera chinguva kwakaonekwa Decembrists dendere - kuchamuka vaiva Masvosve-APÓSTOL, vanakomana vake vatatu vakaenda weSeneti Square. Ipapo akararama inozivikanwa gamba iri Patriotic War, Arsenyev, uye kubva 1890 - the mugadziri Shchapov. Two makiromita rega kudiwa zvakare. Catherine nzira - nzira chete zvinoshamisa.

More nomukurumbira Estates

Polivanova Manor ndiye inozivikanwa mavakirwo nemanomwe remakore, iyo gare gare yekudyidzana hwakavandudzika Count Razumovsky. The matatu namanomwe makiromita kubva Moscow - Dubrovitsy. Izvi hazvisi chete chinhu mapurani Paaidzidzisa, asiwo nzvimbo. The Ensemble zvinhu zvinoshamisa runako. Nzvimbo iyi yaizivikanwa kuti zvinyorwa kuna 1182, kana anotonga Turovsky Prince Gleb. A Manor yakatanga kutaurwa 1627-m. Muvambi anonzi tenzi Ivan Morozov. Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana, maigara Prince Golitsyn uye Potemkin-Tauride.

Pedyo, makiromita maviri kure, Mikhailovskoye - the Manor, yakavambwa General Krechetnikov muna 1776. The musha akanzi Krasheninnikov. Uyezve, nzvimbo vaiva ne Count Sheremetev, uyo akaita zvikuru kudzorera chakasakara muzvivako. Uye pakupedzisira, muna matatu namasere makiromita kubva Moscow, yakakurumbira neimba Raven, akapisa muna 1812, kuti haana kusvika French. Pakuvamba, muna 1775-m, Ekaterina Velikaya pachake akashanyira nzvimbo ino, uye nei Kaluga mugwagwa wekare ainzi zvakasiyana. Ndiyo nyaya Catherine turakiti.

nhasi

Nyika yekare Kaluga mugwagwa uchayeuka zvose zvaitika munzira, uye kunyange nguva vakararama panguva yedu nguva nenguva rinojekesa kuti havasi vose zvakavanzika dzayo kuzivikanwa zvahunoreva uye zvose zvakavanzika pachena. Kwete imwe zvakaona chishamiso kuripo paIndaneti rakashama dzezvimwe kuti mugwagwa uyu sezvo kana chiedza kubva mukati moonless nousiku. Sokunge hinting pa mari kwete inveterate, kana nepogrebonnyh kudzikama mweya vari kuramba pakachengeteka ichimirira ayo. Nenzira, uye uchawana ichi nenzira yekare hakusi nyore kudaro nhasi. vasingaverengeki nyika mugwagwa, chikuru Kaluga huru paichapfuura, uye haashandisi nayo, uye hapana munhu ane zvakawanda makore.

birches

Unogona kuwana pamusoro dzinokosha zviratidzo. Mugumo namasere remakore rakanga kutanga kuvakwa hombe, kusanganisira mugwagwa. Ekaterina Velikaya chirevo chinokosha naro zvose migwagwa zvikuru pamwe Birch alleys kumativi ose. Lovely chirevo! Kutya kana kupisa kana chando pachinenge vaifamba.

Birch nokuti Catherine nzira vakasarudzwa chinokosha - ane rima goko, zvanza akakura uye curved matavi simba, mhando zana namakumi maviri chete kwakadaro vakasarudzwa. Vakawanda miti wokutanga akafa kare kare, asi paiva mukoridho kuti haisi vashoma, uye varege zarastot nokusingaperi. Way kwemazana emakore akawanda saka tsika usingabereki kukura chinhu pauri. Uye yehombodo ari paburi pamugwagwa aibuda, zvakarurama tiine nechokure.

Kaluzhskoe mugwagwa uye pedyo yekare mugwagwa

Mukaseti ino kunosvika yakati kunze Catherine nzira, kusiya chete pakutevedzera icho wafungidzira nokuda misara akura miti uye recollected pamwe chete rwiyo, nokudaro Nedopetaya mukuru "Hercules" pamusoro "Golden mhuru." And Kaluga mugwagwa - akanaka chetyrohpolosnaya njanji, yakanyatsojeka uye chinokosheswa mugwagwa vanogadzirisa. Nharaunda yakapoteredza setsikawo kuMoscow nharaunda: yacho kwegore risingapindiki masango - nemipaini, vakavhengana - yaiteverwa nechiedza Birch neyemiorivhi.

Zvadaro, pakarepo, pane wakajeka mumupata uye zvikomo, achiona kure vafambi murwizi mumupata, riri chaizvo chaizvo. No chete reservoirs. Uye rwizi anoshamisa, mumwe yazvo nenzira: Nara Kremenki Polianytsia, Desna ... Ivo vane yakawanda madziva uye madhamu vane hove uye huru uye duku. Railway hakusi kumativi, asi nekuti zvakawanda kunzvimbo uko yebudiriro chete zvishoma sei. Large-pamwero maindasitiri munharaunda ndiyewo ndisipo, zvakatipoteredza dzakachena, uye magariro kwezvakatipoteredza ave nhoroondo yave noruvara. Asi, sezvataurwa zvave ikoko kwezvivako akanaka kwose kwose.

Zvakafanana uye misiyano

Catherine nzira rinobatana huru itsva hombe mhete njanji, pedyo nzvimbo yeguta. The dzinonakidza kupfuura chinhu pano ndechokuti Kaluga penzira haitungamiriri Kaluga, uye muna Belarus.

It saka zvinoitika nokuti muna Kresty nayo akayambuka mugwagwa kubva Podolsk kumavirira - yaimbova Warsaw mugwagwa. Kana akavaka njanji mhete basa Kiev mugwagwa kwazvo, uye zvishoma nezvishoma saka yekare mugwagwa mugove kubva michinjikwa kusvikira Kaluga havasisipo.

hondo mbiri

History buffs vanofarira Kaluga mugwagwa wekare, kunyanya nokuti pano kuti hondo chinokosha chakaitika pakutanga muna Patriotic Hondo 1812, uye ipapo Kukuru Patriotic War. Napoleon akasarudza tibve Moscow akanga kupiswa pamusoro penzira Catherine, sezvo nzvimbo yeko asati dzichapambwa. On nzira dzavo nhema nemisha, dzisina kuwana hondo. Asi Kutuzov akapa hondo yokutanga pedyo Tarutino musha, uye ipapo Maloyaroslavets, vakaisa pamusoro ari Napoleonic urongwa hombe Orthodox muchinjikwa.

Uye muna 1941, Old Kaluga mugwagwa akagomera pasi matangi ari Wehrmacht zviyero, kana misha vakawanda munzira apiswa pasi uye akatizwa nevagari. The Hottest Hondo vakatora nzvimbo ipapo pamharadzano pedyo Kuzovlevo kuburikidza Chernichko rwizi. Zvino pane chirangaridzo kunzwisisa kune vakawanda guva apo vakaviga vanotsigira Moscow, akaparadza mumwe zano kutora pamusoro Russia, Hitler nguva ino - "Barbarossa".