How kuwana geometric mativi zvitarisiko

Kune isingaperi uwandu ndege inofananidza siyana zvitarisiko sezvo nezvakaipa. Vanhuwo pfuma yose zvidimbu - mumwe nomumwe ane nzvimbo. Square Zvekare zvimiro zvemhashu - ndiko kukura ndege inogarwa nhamba idzi, anotaurwa zvimwe dzakabatana. ukoshi iyi nguva dzose inotsanangurwa zvakanaka nhamba. The chairema yakayerwa ndiyo nzvimbo yaiungana, ane divi kureba akaenzana mumwe (semuenzaniso, mutinhimira mumwe kana mumwe sendimita). Inotorwa nzvimbo ipi chimiro zvinogona dzaona kuburikidza vachiwedzera uwandu chikwata dzinoungana umo rakakamurwa pamusoro nzvimbo imwe akaenzana.

Zvimwe tsanangudzo pfungwa sezvinotevera:

1. Square nyore zvitarisiko - scalar zvakanaka tsika zvinogutsa ezvinhu:

- vane zvakaenzana zvidimbu - akaenzana kukosha nzvimbo;

- kana nhamba iri muzvikamu (nyore nhamba), ayo nharaunda - Verengai dzaiungana date zvidimbu;

- mumwe sikweya ane divi Unit, ane chikwata nzvimbo.

2. Square kunzwisisa chimiro zvitarisiko (polygons) - akanaka tsika vane ehupfumi:

- vane zvakaenzana polygons - tsika yacho;

- kana polygon vari vashoma zvimwe polygons ane nzvimbo yakaenzana Verengai rokupedzisira nzvimbo. Kutonga uku ndezvechokwadiwo vasiri pindana polygons.

Somunhu akagamuchira axiom mashoko zvinochinja nzvimbo (polygons) - akanaka tsika.

Pakusarudza nzvimbo denderedzwa anopiwa yoga kuti zvakawanda vakatsvaka nokuda nzvimbo imwe nguva polygon akanyorwa denderedzwa madenderedzwa - pasinei ndechokuti nhamba kumativi acho uderedze kusaverengeka.

Square zvidimbu kwemashifiti chimiro (zvemasanga zvitarisiko) havana tsananguro chete pakutsvaga nzira dzavo kukarukureta.

Kukarukureta kwenzvimbo makarekare inokosha inoshanda dambudziko kuziva kukura panyika. Mitemo pakuverenga nzvimbo mashomanana zana nemakore BC, vave akagadzira pedyo masayendisiti Greek uye inorondedzerwa "Zvinoumba" kuti Euclid sezvo theorems. Sezvineiwo, mitemo nokuti Pakusarudza nzvimbo nyore zvitarisiko mavari - zvakafanana panguva ino. Dzinoungana geometric zvitarisiko ane curved gandiwa, rinowanikwa nokushandisa muganhu.

The kukarukureta of nzvimbo nyore zvitarisiko (Triangle, rectangle, mativi), zvaizivikanwa zvose kubva kuchikoro, chete zvakakwana. Optionally rine kunyange nomusoro mazita tsamba payakavakirwa nemifananidzo nzvimbo. Zvakakwana kuyeuka mashomanana mitemo nyore:

1. Kuti ngaaverenge nzvimbo yaiungana, zvakakodzera vawande refu divi pachayo (kana kuvaka repiri dhigirii).

2. Nzvimbo imwe rectangle rinowanikwa nevanhu anowedzera pakureba pedyo upamhi. Zvakafanira kuti kureba uye upamhi zvainyanya chete dzakabatana.

3. nzvimbo kunzwisisa mufananidzo rinowanikwa nevanhu kupatsanura kuva dzakawanda nyore uye kuwedzera matambudziko munzvimbo.

4. Ukuru rectangle rinokamukana kuva zvokuridza maviri ane nzvimbo vakaenzana uye vakaenzana hafu nharaunda yayo.

5. The nzvimbo netriangle rinowanikwa sezvo hafu zvinobikwa kukwirira kwayo uye chawo.

6. nzvimbo denderedzwa akaenzana zvibereko mativi ose nharaunda pane zvose vamwe uwandu «π».

7. ngaaverenge nzvimbo parallelogram sezvo kungoerekana pedyo kumativi uye Sine pakati rekona avete pakati pavo.

8. Area ane rhombus - ½ mugumisiro vachiwedzera Sine pakati diagonals ari womukati yorusvingo.

9. Nharaunda trapezoid vanowana vachiwedzera kukwirira kwayo pamusoro centerline kureba riri akaenzana svomhu zvinoreva Zvingoro. Chimwe pachake tsanangudzo nzvimbo trapezoid - vawande chizvaro diagonal uye sinus angled avete pakati pavo.

Vana kuchikoro chepuraimari, nokuti yakajeka, kazhinji kupiwa mabasa: kuwana nzvimbo wakavhomorwa papepa zvitarisiko vachishandisa pallets kana Pepa läpinäkyvä bepa kuti bordered pamusoro masero. bepa kwakadaro seari pasi chakayerwa chimiro ichaongororwa nhamba masero zvachose (vamapoka nharaunda), Akariyanika ari loop, ipapo uwandu kukwana, izvo yakakamurwa hafu.