Sechivako sphagnum. Sphagnum Moss (mufananidzo)

Bryophytes - ichi ndechimwe madhipatimendi ose spore zvinomera, izvo ane nzvimbo inokosha munyika youmambo. Representatives vane utility, somushonga kukosha, muri zvinowanzoshandiswa uye vari vatambi zvinokosha simba matunhu. Uyezve, kuita paumbwe Wetland zvinhu zvipenyu.

Sphagnum: enderana nzvimbo

Munzvimbo yayo munyika yacho makemikari nyika sphagnum kutora zvinotevera taxonomic nzvimbo:

• Kingdom: Plants.
• Department: Bryophytes ;
• Class, hurongwa uye mhuri - Sphagnum.
• Genus: Sphagnum.

Kuwanda rudzi kunosvika 120, iyo yaishandiswa yainyanya akadai:

• sphagnum deveteve;
• anobuda;
• shava;
• magellansky;
• papillozny;
• Girgenzona.

The nemamiriro Sphagnum ane zvimwe ichisiya chiratidzo munhu waachashandisa. Funga mubvunzo uyu zvizere.

External mamiriro zvinomera

Green Loose uchanja yakatsvikinyidzana panguva pamusoro madzinde, iro rinoumbwa anorovera anezvimiti uye marshes, uye floats pamusoro pemvura makungwa yomusango ndaona, zvichida munhu wose. saka pano ndiyo sphagnum. Photos of chirimwa ichi inogona kuonekwa pazasi.

Very zvakanaka manune pemashanga anongoramba dissected uye kuwandisa kumusoro. Kunze crusted anomirira akaturikidzana shoma emasero. Sphagnum kunosiya sessile, tsanga mhando. Vaya iri hunde, oblong serin'i uye kazhinji woga. A shizha nhungirwa nekusiyana, zvakawanda yakatsvikinyidzana pamusoro akapeta. Kutaura zvazviri, ivo vanenge scaly uye havaratidzi zvinoonekwa pasina chinokosha michina. Chii kakawanda sokugamuchira mashizha, mapazi akawanda kubva huru hunde.

Kufanana nevamwe chikwindi, sphagnum havana midzi. Zvisinei, kusafanana hama, rhizoids kuisa, havasi kune substrate. Zvinofadza funga kuti rezasi gunde, zvikuru chiedza nayo anoona. Pakupedzisira, nechepasi zvachose anorasikirwa ayo girini ruvara. Izvi imhaka nokusava chlorophyll ruvara ari mumasero, sezvo zvivako izvi havachisiri vapenyu, asi wafa.

Of zvikamu izvi, rakachengetedzwa pamusoro pasi deveteve, kuti peat achiumbwa ramangwana. Zvinonzi Naizvozvo anowanzonzi sphagnum peat Moss. Kazhinji, anosima maruva hapana mutema, kwete yakajeka. Izvi imhaka yokuti nguva dzose kuti zvokudya zvakawanda mvura. The mubvunzo unomuka: "How zvikuru mvura chikwindi Rinotarisira muchitoro?" Izvi zvinotsanangurwa maererano peculiarities ari womukati mamiriro. Ngationgororei navo.

The womukati maumbirwo sphagnum

Inside Moss chakaumbwa kwakajairika chirimwa rinenge rine masero. sphagnum Mashizha ane chlorophyll, sezvo, zvirokwazvo, uye kunokonzerwa mamiriro. Naizvozvo, photosynthesis rinoitwa substantially vose muviri pamusoro. Saka simba, kuti ndiro Absorção de Água mvura.

Zelenye kletki chikwindi zvakabatanidzwa mumwe nomumwe kontsami uye chimiro strukturu, nowenyika set - izvozvo ikoko provodyaschaya gadziriro miti. nhengo dzokubereka nadzo ndidzo sporangia, izvo spores vachikura.

Conductive gadziriro akafanana dzakakwirira zvinomera, vasipo. Asi, pane masero anokosha. Kuchengeta nerevane Absorção de Água mvura Vanotakura.

masero Special marongerwo

Sphagnum masero havasi vose zvakafanana. Chokwadi chokuti vamwe vavo vave goko ne gomba uye akafa protoplast, ndiko kuti, isina mhango. Zvakafanira kuti chirimwa wokudzidza yakawanda unyoro uye vanorichengeta mukati roga mune muchanza zvivako izvi.

Sechivako sphagnum kunoita kuti uchazadzwa nemvura munzvimbo imwe mari 20-30 kane yayo uremu. Ndokusaka nzvimbo chikwindi Data vanogara akanyorova chaizvo, ivo chaizvoizvo kuyangarara pamusoro pemvura pamusoro.

Kana chirimwa uzere mwando, ayo ruvara munyoro rakachenuruka. Panguva nzara, zvishoma nezvishoma anochinja chena, pakupedzisira vachiva zvachose yakaisvonaka chena.

kubereka Moss

Structure sphagnum kunosanganisira specialized zvakakodzera kuti kubereka maumbirwo - sporangia. Vakafanana sezvakangoita vamwe mosses zvose vari chinokosha dzakanzi iri apical chikamu chirimwa. Anomiririra bhokisi rine muvharo, umo paumbwe uye kuibvisa pamusoro spores.

Kana ruminant nguva, masero zviduku kuwana zvakakwana hope uye vakapararira nemhepo. Kuwana kuva Donhwe remvura, kutanga kumera munzvimbo chirimwa chitsva. Cap sporangium anovhura nomuzvarirwo.

Pane imwe nzira kubereka, izvo anoita chirimwa. Sphagnum anokwanisa kupa vegetative pagondobwe mamwe chinozvimirira. Izvi zvinoitika kazhinji pashure huru gunde inokura zvakasimba pakureba, chirefu pamusoro wemigove. Panguva ino, pane kuparadzana kubva chikamu zvinomera.

The dzinokosha ehupfumi kuti sphagnum Moss

Sphagnum Moss, pikicha izvo unogona kuona munyaya ino, rine nhamba chaiyo zvivako nokuda pamberi masero anokosha. Ivo:

1. Hygroscopicity, mukuru zvose anozivikanwa miganho miti. Kana iwe enzanisa kwaniso yekubata mwando mvere sphagnum chikwindi, ipapo zvichava anopfuura 6 nguva! Mukuwedzera zviri zvinoshamisa kuti pakugoverwa mvura mukati chirimwa muviri kunoitika zvamazvirokwazvo zvakaenzana. Saka regai kuzadza masero ose iripo, chikwindi nekumwisa mwando musarasa. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti kurishandisa ave mukwanisi pasi.
2. Air permeability runovabvumira ivhu chikwindi kuva chiedza kwazvo, inotsikwa Airy. Izvi zvakawedzera aeration kunobatsirawo kukura zvinomera mamwe mararamiro ezvinhu zviripo.
3. Sphagnum acids anoumba chirimwa, kubvumira kuti zvine mwero acidify ivhu rehydrogen cations.
4. Vapfumi Organic zvinhu sezvamunoita anoita ichi chirimwa chaiyo. Sphagnum ane antibacterial uye Anti-anogumbura ehupfumi, uyewo mishonga yokuuraya utachiona.

Chii Zvinoumba zvinoshamisa mosses izvi? It anganzi chinonyanya kukosha kubatana:

• Sphagnum asidhi;
• coumarins;
• sfagnol;
• terpenes;
• carbolic acid.

Nemhaka iyi chezvinonhuwira Kuronga chirimwa pachayo kushanda kwete pachena kune zvirwere kana kurwisa kuti zvipukanana.

kuwedzera nzvimbo

Mukuru zvimiso kukura chirimwa - kuvapo mwando yakakwana. Pashure pezvose, sphagnum chikwindi, ine pikicha iri review, zviri kubatsirwa pamusoro pemvura iri kuwedzera, uyewo zvose spore. Ndokusaka zvikuru nzvimbo kukura ayo:

• unozvidzora mapazi kuchamhembe hemisphere;
• European chikamu Russia ;
• Siberia;
• South America.

Home mararamiro kuti anoumba chikwindi, izvozvo bogs. Pose akagadzirisa muti, pane zvishoma nezvishoma uye kunotoitika waterlogging munzvimbo.

Basa zvakasikwa

Yose upenyu sphagnum inovakwa nokugona yayo tibatsirwe unyoro. Features nechinzwano zvokunze chivako, upfumi kukosha uye yezvinoreva kushandiswa kwezvokurapa zvinangwa - anongoda zvose akatsanangura murwiyo uye mamiriro. Chete zvandinovimbisa uye mabasa yezvakaita basa.

Chinhu chikuru - ndechokuti sphagnum ane Photo isu Hamubvumirwi imwe nyaya Anoumba peat deposits. Nokuda kuti chikamu sphagnum sfagnola asidhi zvinomera dzinotsanagura putrefaction uye manyowa kwevakafa dzapasi chirimwa zvikuru kunonoka. Izvi zvinotungamirira paumbwe peat akaturikidzana. The chiito anotora nzvimbo zvishoma nezvishoma, anenge munhu mita mumakore ane chiuru.

Zvinokoshawo pfuma chikonzero waterlogging nzvimbo. Somugumisiro, kwete chete zvinomera, asi vakawanda yose biogeocoenosis, mhuka, tumbuyu, uye nezvimwe zvisikwa.

Economic ukoshi vanhu

Pane zvakawanda munzvimbo mikuru kushandiswa murume uyu Moss.

1. Nokuti caulking mudzimba.
2. Somunhu kuputira zvinhu rokuvaka.
3. Kwezvokurapa zvinangwa sezvo akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona uye disinfectant.
4. In floristry.
5. In floriculture kuvandudza kukura ezvinhu ose indoor uye girinihausi zvinomera.
6. Nokuti kugadzirwa weimba makemikari (detergents, cleaners uye mishonga yokuuraya utachiona).
7. Peat - inokosha mafuta.
8. Inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu insulating zvinhu.
9. Mugore Russian netsika pagadzirwe chikwindi zvihwitsi uye tika.
10. How dressings sphagnum (mufananidzo pasi apa, zvinobatsira kuona nani sechivako miti) anoshandiswa XI remakore. Kusvikira ikozvino, ukoshi ichi haisi akarasika Moss.

Saka, zvinoitika kuti peat sphagnum chikwindi - harisi chete dzinonakidza uye anokosha chirimwa seinokonzera zvicherwa, asi chinhu rinokosha idura mishonga, panobva unyoro uye aeration zvimwe mhando kasvisto. Its chitarisiko maererano mukanwa pamusoro womukati mamiriro uye tsika zvakasikwa uye upenyu hwevanhu.