Otto von Bismarck: Nzira Iron chanzera

Otto von Bismarck munhu akakurumbira German yokutungamirira. Akaberekerwa muna 1815 muna Shonhauzene. Otto von Bismarck vakagamuchira mutemo wake dhigirii. Akanga kupfuura reactionary nemutevedzeri yakabatana Prussian Landtag (1847-1848 gg.), Uye chairidza utsinye kudzvinyirira chero echimurenga zviito.

Munguva 1851-1859 Bismarck aimiririra Prussia Bundestag (Frankfurt). Kubva 1859 kusvika 1862 fung makore, akatumirwa Russia sezvo mumiririri, uye muna 1862 - muFrance. Mugore iroro Korol Vilgelm pakati I mushure yepamutemo kurwisana pakati pake uye Bismarck Landtag anogadza nezvenzvimbo Mutungamiri mufundisi. Panzvimbo ino akatsigira kodzero simba roumambo uye kugadzirisa mukakavadzane nyasha kwayo.

Mune 60s, pasinei reMitemo uye budgetary kodzero Landtag, Otto von Bismarck kudzorwa muchiuto, iyo inokoshesa zvakawedzera Prussian simba rechiuto. Muna 1863 iye akatanga sungano Hurumende Russian pamusoro vagari zvinhu pamusoro kudzvinyirira ose kwebope Poland.

Kunotsigirwa yacho Prussian muchiuto muchina, izvozvo anoita kubatanidzwa Germany sezvo pamusana Danish (1864), rweAustro-Prussian (1866) uye Franco-Prussian (1870-1871) Hondo. Muna 1871 Bismarck anopiwa pambiru chanzera Germany Empire. Mugore iroro ava vabatsirwe achishingaira French iri kudzvinyirira pakati dzeParis Tauriranai. Vachitora mukana aro akafara chaizvo kodzero, chanzera Otto von Bismarck munzira dzose akasimbisa nzvimbo iri mamiriro Bourgeois-Junker misa.

Munguva 70s raakataura arwise Catholic bato uye Zvinotaurwa zvevafundisi uye particularist nokupikiswa, vachitsigirwa Pope Pius IX (Kulturkampf). Muna 1878-M Iron chanzera Otto von Bismarck akashandisa chete nemurairo (pamusoro vavariro ngozi uye zvinokuvadza) kusvika Socialist uye chirongwa chavo. mutemo uyu unorambidza mabasa Social-Democratic mapato kunze Diets uye Reichstag.

Zvose gavhuna wenyika chanzera Bismarck akanga aedza remuSamoa kudzivisa flywheel ari echimurenga vashandi kufamba. Hurumende yake yakanga vanoshingaira akakurira National kufamba ari Polish mundima yaiva chikamu Germany. Mumwe countermeasures aiva zvachose Germanization vemo. Chanzera kwehurumende iri zvinodiwa guru bourgeoisie uye Junkers pavaiita protectionist mitemo.

Otto von Bismarck kwakaita wokumwe mutemo mumwe pokutanga vaiona matanho kudzivirira kutsiva weFrance nemarudzi kukundwa of Franco-Prussian War. Saka, akanga achigadzirira itsva vachinetsana nyika kunyange zvisati zviri kudzorera nemauto raro. Hurumende French muzvirevo hondo, akarasikirwa chinokosha zvoupfumi nharaunda Lorraine uye nharaunda yeAlsace.

Bismarck akatya kuti wemasangano Anti-German zvichabviswa akasikwa. Naizvozvo, muna 1873 iye akatanga kusaina ari "Union of Three Madzimambo" (pakati Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia). Muna 1979 Bismarck akapedzisa hunyambiri mubatanidzwa, uye muna 1882 - the Triple Alliance (Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary), rakanga kunangana France. Zvisinei, kuti chanzera vaitya hondo fronts maviri. Muna 1887 iye akasaina ne Russia "chibvumirano kuti reinsurance."

Pakunopera 80 militarist yeChina muGermany yaizotanga kuzorwa Russian Empire kuzvidzivirira hondo, asi Bismarck vaiona kunetsana uku kune ngozi chaizvo nokuti nyika. Zvisinei, ari kupinda pakati Germany musi muBalkan Peninsula uye lobbying apo rweAustro-Hungary zvinofarirwa, uyewo matanho pamusoro kunze kwenyika Russian wakabirwa ukama pakati States, izvo zvakakonzera convergence rechiFrench uye Russian.

Chanzera akaedza kuti pedyo Britain, asi haana kuziva kudzika zviripo kupokanidzana pamwe nyika iyi. The mharadzano of Anglo-German zvido somugumisiro yeBritain yaitonga kuwedzera kwakaita kuti Kuipa ukama pakati inotaura. Recent Kukundikana yokumwe mutemo uye basa kuti tidzivise echimurenga sangano kwakatungamirira kuti kusiya basa ose Bismarck muna 1890. Akafa muna yake kuchamuka makore 8 pashure.