The paChernobyl NPP njodzi April 26, 1986

April 26, 1986 ... Musi uyu acharangarirwa muzvizvarwa Ukrainians, Belarusians uye vokuRussia sezvo masikati gore, apo paiva zvinotyisa tsaona murume-kunokonzerwa. Kana izvi zvose zvaitika, zvichida, kunyange noruzivo nyanzvi zvakakwana uye kwete achinyatsoziva chii tose kumirira gare gare.

Njodzi April 26, 1986 kwakaguma nezviuru kufa uye chirwere dzakawanda masango, chepfu mvura uye ivhu kunotouraya Zvirimwa uye mhuka. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, pamepu rweUkraine akazviratidza matatu kiromita chokudzingwa vematunhu, kuenda kundima izvo zvinogoneka chete rinokosha yaibvumira magwaro.

Nyaya ino ndehwokuti kwete chete kuti ave nechokwadi kuti kamwe zvakare kuyeuchidza vaverengi zvakaitika April 26, 1986, asi tarisai zvakaitika, sezvo vachiti, kubva kumativi akasiyana. Zvino, zvinoita sokuti, hachizi chakavanzika kuti munyika yanhasi, vose avo vane zvakawanda vanoda kubhadhara mari yakawanda chinhu kuenda parwendo kunzvimbo idzi, uye vamwe vaimbova vagari hatina kubata pane dzimwe nharaunda kazhinji kudzoka kwavo mweya uye mweya maguta.

Pfupiso diki zviitiko

Makore anenge 30 apfuura, dzinoti 26 April 1986, mune yava Ukraine kuti zvakaitika ndicho chikamu chikuru tsaona renyukireya munyika, zvakaipira iyo anonzwa nyika uye kuti nguva yedu.

At simba chirimwa muna paChernobyl raputika imwe reactor kwenyukireya simba chechina chikwata. Mhepo yakanga vabudiswa panguva guru mari zvinouraya radioactive zvinhu.

Zvinonzi ikozvino Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chete pakutanga mitatu, kutangira April 26, 1986, chete panzvimbo 31 vanhu vakafa nemwaranzi chokupfeka. Gare gare, 134 takaendeswa kune unyanzvi hwakasiyana kukiriniki kunyatsodzidza arapwe nemwaranzi kurwara, uye 80 zvakawanda mukurwadziwa vakafa chirwere ganda, ropa uye kufema turakiti.

PaChernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (1986, April 26, uye anotevera mazuva), kupfuura kare vanoda kushanda nemaoko. The liquidation yacho tsaona yakanga wakapindwa vanopfuura zviuru 600 vanhu, vakawanda vacho vaiva varwi.

Zvichida nengozi mugumisiro tsaona raiva guru kusunungurwa kupinda hwaiitwa zvinouraya radioactive zvinhu, kureva isotopes pamusoro plutonium, uranium exchange, ayodhini, necesium, strontium uye radioactive guruva. Radiation plume kwete chete akafukidza zhinji chikamu Soviet Union, asi Eastern Europe uye Nordic nyika, asi vakawanda paChernobyl dambudziko 26 April 1986 akaita sei kuti Belarusian uye Ukrainian SSR.

Kuongorora zvinokonzera tsaona anotora yakawanda nyanzvi dzakawanda, asi kunyange iye zvino hapana anoziva zvinokonzera yacho chiitiko chechokwadi.

The nharaunda nokuparadzirwa

Mushure tsaona, kumativi paChernobyl aifanira kuziva vanonzi mapazi "akafa" pamusoro 30 km. Mazana nemisha vakaparadzwa zvinenge pasi kana akavigwa pasi matani penyika uchibatsirwa rinorema michina. Kana tikafunga nokure zvokurima, zvinokuchengetedzai kutaura kuti kuUkraine panguva iyoyo vakanga varasikirwa hectares mamiriyoni mashanu rakaorera.

The reactor simba wechina pamberi kukundikana raiva anenge 190 matani huni, 30% kuti riri kuputika kusunungurwa zvakatipoteredza. Uyezve, vari kushingaira chokutambudzika akaramba siyana radioactive isotopes vaunganidza panguva oparesheni. Ivo, maererano nyanzvi, uye zvikuru ngozi.

Vanopfuura 200 000 sq. ? km yakapoteredza nyika yakanga kusvibiswa nemwaranzi. Zvinouraya nemwaranzi hwakapararira hwakaita aerosol zvishoma nezvishoma Vakazopinda pamusoro pemvura. Kusvibisa nzvimbo apo wainyanya pamusoro mhepo mirayiridzo. Very raparadza nesimba vari kumatunhu umo 26 April 1986 uye mashomanana mavhiki, kunaya kwemvura.

Ndiani anokonzera chii chakaitika?

In April 1987 paChernobyl, akabata kunzwa. Chimwe chikuru honzeri yacho tsaona yenyukireya pana paChernobyl akanga kubvumwa chiteshi mukuru, mumwe B. Bryuhanov uyo pakutanga kuteerera zvokutanga mitemo vakachengeteka. Zvadaro, murume nemaune understated mashoko nenhanho nemwaranzi, regai kuisa panzvimbo hurongwa kubvisa revashandi uye vomunzvimbo.

Chokwadi kwakakomba kurega mabasa avo pamutemo zvakare pakuitika akazarurwa April 26, 1986 by mukuru injiniya of paChernobyl Fomin uye mutevedzeri wake A. Dyatlov. Vose vakatongerwa makore 10 mujeri.

Kwemamwe makore mashanu akanga nemhosva mukuru chaizvo chaishanda tsaona yakaitika (B. Rogozhkin), vatatu - Kovalenko, mutevedzeri wake, uye vaviri - Yu Laushkin, mamiriro inisipekita Gosatomenergonadzor.

Pakutanga zvingaita sokuti zviri zvikuru utsinye, asi kana zvose izvi vanhu vave kuchenjerera kwazvo mubasa iri ngozi raaiita zvakadai, sezvo paChernobyl njodzi April 26, 1986 angangotadza kuitika.

Kunyeverwa uye kubvisa vokuparidzira

Rairo nyanzvi inoti kuti mushure tsaona, chinhu chokutanga hwobva vabva vakawanda, asi hapana munhu akatora basa kutora sarudzo zvakakodzera. Akanga ipapo zvinopesana, hwevanhu aigona kuva pamakumi kana kunyange kakawanda zviduku.

In tsika, zvikazooneka kuti vanhu zuva rose havana chavanoziva pamusoro chii chakaitika. April 26, 1986 vakanga akashanda rangano, mumwe achigadzirira guta nokuda kuuya May mazororo, kukireshi vana vachifamba mumugwagwa, uye vadzidzi, sezvinonzi hapana chakanga chaitika, vanoita kurovedza pachena, vakafunga mhepo.

Basa iri kubviswa chavagari chete yakatanga usiku apo mukuru vakauya akarayirwa kugadzirira kubvisa. April 27 pakaziviswa murayiro pamusoro zvizere kubvisa rweguta, yakarongwa 14.00.

Sezvo paChernobyl njodzi April 26, 1986 iyo kunyimwa musha nezviuru Ukrainians uyo haana mwero Satellite taundi Pripyat ari anotyisa specter munhu dzakaparadzwa dzimba, akasiya anovaraidza nemapindu uye vakafa, migwagwa yakanyarara.

Nokutya uye vakakutsamwisai

Apo vokutanga runyerekupe pamusoro tsaona, vamwe vanhu vakasarudza kusiya guta oga. Nechekare April 26, 1986, kupfurikidza yechipiri yezana zuva, vakadzi vazhinji nokutya uye Vapererwa, vakanonga pamaoko vacheche, chaizvoizvo mugwagwa akamhanyira kure neguta.

chinhu All, asi anoita kudaro kuburikidza musango, kusvibiswa dose riri chaizvoizvo kakawanda kupfuura zvose dzinoshanda zviratidzo. A mugwagwa ... Maererano zvapupu, Asphalt unhani chakapenya chinoshamisa neon mumvuri, kunyange akaedza zvikuru kudira mvura hwakakanyiwa vamwe vasingazivikanwi nyore munhuwo zvake chena mhinduro.

Zvinosuwisa chaizvo kuti zvakakomba kusarudza kununurwa uye kubvisa havana kubatwa nguva.

Uye pakupedzisira, makore mashomanana zvakava pachena kuti chakavanzika mabasa Soviet Union vaiva aiziva workpiece matani matatu nyama uye matani gumi mafuta munzvimbo iyo zvakananga akabata paChernobyl dambudziko 26 April 1986. Pasinei neizvi, ivo vakasarudza kuoresa radioactive zvigadzirwa, achiwedzera huri vakachena zvinoriumba mavari. Maererano nechisarudzo ichi, hazvina radioactive nyama uye ruomba vakanga razvezeno zvigayo makuru akawanda munyika.

KGB aizivawo kuti pakuvaka paChernobyl vakashandisa chakaremara midziyo kubva Yugoslavia, uye aiziva-siyana Kukundikana pamasikiro yemapurisa, mutundu hwaro uye kuvapo makatsemuka pamadziro ...

Chii chakaitwa? Kuedza kudzivirira kusuwa wakatokura

About hafu usiku yechipiri mutaundi paChernobyl (1986, April 26) veko dhipatimendi moto akagamuchira mushumo womoto. The pabasa wavarindi akasiya foni uye vanenge pakarepo transmits moto chiratidzo dzakakwirira kunzwisisa.

Patakasvika, boka chaiyo akaona kuti padenga rakanga richibvira muchina mukamuri uye guru reactor horo. Panzira, kuti zvevakomana, yakawana kuti nokuisa kuti dhuma moto vakomana vari kuita chaizvo reactor horo yakaomesesa rova.

6 chete o'clock mangwanani moto zvachose radzimwa.

Yose zvayo, motokari 14 uye 69 vashandi vaiita. Kubva overalls vanhu kuti vaite basa rinokosha kudaro, takanga bedzi kanivhasi overalls, ngowani magiravhusi. Men kutumbura moto pasina zvifukidziro, sezvo basa mavari zvakanga hazvitomboiti panguva pamatunhu tembiricha.

Nechekare panguva mbiri mangwanani kwaiva kutanga sei nokuda nemwaranzi. Vanhu vakatanga kurutsa uye vakawanda simba, uyewo kuchengetwa vanonzi "yenyukireya Tan." Zvinonzi vamwe magiravhusi kubviswa uye ganda rako.

Desperate vemoto vakaita zvose zvinogoneka kudzivisa moto kuti rechitatu dzaishandiswa mune ramangwana. Staff mubasa chete yemapurisa, ukabvisa mabhuku vomuungano akasiyana makamuri, uye nhepfenyuro akatora zvose matanho anodiwa kudzivirira rehydrogen kuputika. Zviito izvi zvakabatsira kudzivirira yakakura njodzi nomunhu.

Biological migumisiro vanhu vose

Ionizing nemwaranzi ane nezvakwakaipira utachiona migumisiro neZvapupu zvose zvipenyu.

Radiative achine zvinotungamirira kuparadzwa zvipenyu nyaya kunotouraya, nhengo rinenge zvivako kushandura. irradiation kwakadaro inosimudzira pokumuka-siyana kenza zvirwere, nemwaranzi kurwara, nokuvhiringidzirwa zvinokosha muviri mashandiro, shanduko uye disintegration DNA uye kunoguma murufu.

Ghost reguta rinonzi Pripyat

Mashomanana akatevera pashure nenjodzi nevanhu vomuguta akamutsa vafarire siyana siyana unyanzvi. Vakanga massively kuuya pano, kuedza kuyera uye kuongorora padanho kumashure mwaranzi nzvimbo madhaka.

Zvisinei, muna 90s. Pripyat akatanga kukwezva pfungwa kubva masayendisiti aifarira kwezvakatipoteredza kuchinja zvakatipoteredza, uyewo nyaya tishandurwe zvakasikwa nzvimbo yeguta, chinosara chose pasina munhu simba.

Vazhinji Ukrainian tsvakurudzo nzvimbo kunze ane kuongorora zviri kuchinja nemiti uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

Stalkers paChernobyl mapazi

Kutanga zvinokosha kuziva kuti stalkers akadana vanhu haka kana ano musana dawo kupinda yairambidzwa mapazi. PaChernobyl uyewo vanoda mitambo yokunyanyisa vanokamurwa muzvikamu zviviri, izvo zvakasiyana nechitarisiko chavo, vakashandisa akariposhera, mifananidzo uye vakagadzirira mishumo. Chokutanga - pebhanhire, wechipiri - Pfungwa.

Bvumiranai, yava nhau iri here kuwana zvakawanda panyaya: "paChernobyl. 1986. 26 April ". Curious stalkers ikoko uye akaziva dzavo pamusoro nemwaranzi wongoramba. A rinokosha akanga vakaridza uye mitambo yepakombiyuta. Ava vechidiki, vane zera avhareji makore anopfuura 20 kashoma, kakawanda chete kupinda kudzingwa rokufambira, asi regai kuyambuka muganhu pachayo paChernobyl. Ndipo apo ushingi inoguma.

chikamu chechipiri - akasiyana nemamwe Pfungwa stalkers. Vanowana kwakadzama, kwete chete muna 30-kiromita vematunhu, asi 10-kiromita, uye kurarama ikoko kwamazuva mashoma. Zvakaoma kutsanangura chii chinokurudzira vanhu saizvozvo, asi zvinoita sokuti nzira yavo kutaura. Mashoko akavimbika pamusoro chii kukura boka iri stalkers, kwete, asi nokuda anofungidzirwa inofungidzirwa vasina zvinopfuura 20, uye "mutambo" iri yepamusoro zvikuru.

Modern vagari paChernobyl

A chinokosha chikamu anobviswa vakawanda, pasinei nokurambidzwa uye kurambidzwa, dzimwe nguva pashure achiri akadzoka. Kubva zviuru zana vanhu vadzoka kumusha aivigirwa anenge 1200, asi 2007 pakanga Call navo squatters 314. chete. Kazhinji, vechikuru vanhu, uye chinoita kuti unopinza zvinoderedza zvavo nhamba iri kuonekwa zera. Chii chakaita kuti vanhu vadzokere kudzimba dzavo kusvibiswa nemwaranzi? Huru zvikonzero Chisarudzo ichi chaiva kwazvo zvoupfumi munyika, anowira mari vokuparidzira uye kusada kukanda misha yavo.

The mberi kutapwa simba chirimwa

Pashure petsaona muna April 1986, basa rose zvenyukireya yakamiswa, asi muna October, pashure pakuvaka sarcophagus uye pavaiita basa rokuchenesa, zviyero zviviri kushanda zvakare, uye muna December 1987 yakatanga wechitatu.

Muna 1995, Ukraine, European Union, uye nyika Group of Seven kunge akasaina gwaro pasi iyo chirongwa vakatanga yakazara kuvhara pamusoro paChernobyl simba renyukireya chirimwa kuti aifanira kuita gore ra2000. Muna December 2000, wechitatu chezvakaipa paChernobyl pakupedzisira akamira.

Kusvika panguva sarcophagus yakavakwa pamusoro pomoto yemapurisa Unit, rinoparadzwa zvishoma nezvishoma. saka EBRD muna 2004 akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze nyoro kuti pavakwe zvitsva pokugara, akakunda French pamwe kwavanoita muna 2007.

Muna 2015, paChernobyl simba renyukireya chirimwa kunge pakupedzisira vakarega oparesheni kwayo.