Nikon kuti kuchinja

Muzana remakore rechi18 kuRussia maiva rechitendero uye munzanga kufamba anonzi Old Vatendi, kana paradzanisa. Chikonzero akatanga kuchinja Nikon, tateguru of Moscow, iyo akatanga muna 1653 nechinangwa kusimbisa kereke. Chaizvoizvo ravo rakanga kubatanidza nharaunda yose nyika ezvinhu dzidziso. Chekutanga, nyika Implementation kuti Nikon kwakaita zvinhu akaronga apfuure kubviswa chose zvose kusiyana nomufambiro kunamata. Uyewo, zvakanga zvakakodzera kubvisa nguva kusabvumirana mumabhuku, dzakanga akashandiswa basa kunamata. Paivawo vanyanyisi avo nokutenda inotungamirwa Avvakum uye Daniel, uyo aidavira kuti Chechi Patriarch Nikon zvinhu yaifanira, inobva yekare zvinyorwa Russian. Patriarch vakasimbirira nemazvo ivhu dzakatorwa Greece. Maererano naye, danho kudaro kwaizobatsira kubatanidza machechi ose Orthodox Asia uye Europe pakutanga Moscow.

Nikon kuti kuchinja vakatsigira mambo. Izvi rinotsanangura kuomerera vatateguru wake chivimbo nezviito zvake. Nokukurumidza iye akagadzwa Council of maBhishopu wokuRussia nyika iyo vaiona kudiwa pakarepo rectification womuchato uye mabhuku ekereke. Second ungano, panguva iyo, tisingabatanidzi vatsvene Russia, vakasvika wokuSerbia uye Patriarch muAndiyoki, kwakaitika muna 1656. It akaruramisa mabhuku zvakazara vanotenderwa. Church vakarayirwa kuzvishandisa pakunamata, uye yaimbova pakutsva.

Okutanga Matanho zvaigadzirwa muna 1653. Ipapo kereke dzose vakarayirwa kuti zvimwe zvachinja setsika pamusoro uta, nokugura muchinjikwa. Printing House akatanga kubudisa mabhuku muenzaniso itsva. Vanotsigira yekare mitambo akazivisa vanyengeri anathematized.

Kushandura zvimwe zviri Creed kwakaitika pashure cheki yake aine analoginen wokurera ari Greek Church. Asi vaipikisa Nikon nadzurudzo akanyatsoramba kugamuchira. Kwavari zvaireva kuti vapandukire kutenda madzitateguru, tsika, kuchengeta emakore. Old Vatendi zvakagadzirwa vachinzwisisa ive nokurwiswa chinhu rokuvaudza, unoyera. Vateveri Nikon nekusiyana, vaidavira kuti kuchinja izvi zvichabatsira kereke kubuda pedyo dambudziko. Kutama kwakadaro kwakanga enyika achida uye. basa reRussia somutsivi kuna Byzantium uye mudziviriri Orthodox zvose vasingagoni kuziva kana akanga asina kubvumirana kuti mabhuku avo uye tsika vaya zvinodiwa kuti vanogamuchirwa mune dzimwe nyika Orthodox.

Pakupedzisira nikonianami akasimbisa yakarurama pamusoro Navasanangurwa Little Russia mushure kudzokerana nzira.

The schism uye nemigumisiro yayo yakanga tisingatarisiri hunhu kupfuura zvaaitarisira tateguru nevatsigiri vake. Yokurwisana kuchinja zviri akakura. Old Vatendi vaiva kutsungirira zvavanotenda. Vakapomera Nikonians kuti avo tichizivisa ekare muhedheni, saka nechokwadi yakarurama pamusoro canonization yavatsvene muRussia uye sarudzo vakagamuchira pagungano Zana muZvitsauko Church, ndizvo zvose, uye kuti akanga nokuda kwokutenda.

Zvisinei, hondo kwakakonzerwa kwete chete nokuda tateguru anochinja. Impact uye zvinetso zvenzanga. Vatendi ainetseka nokuwa Ecclesiastical simba, nokuti kuti mambo akatanga kuridza basa raMwari mutevedzeri panyika, akatanga vachishingaira mubasa kugadzirisa nyaya vakashandisa kuva mutoro chete vafundisi. Vakapomera mutsva vafundisi, vasingazivi kuti inosvibisa vanhu, vakadzvinyirirwa, uye anobvisa kubva pachake.

The paradzanisa akatora hapana zvishoma - mumwe pavatatu ehurumende vemo. Uye shure Cathedral, kwakaitika muna 1666-1667, ukuwo, vakasarudza nhapwa uye yaiuya vavengi zvinhu, izvozvo awana vakawanda hunhu. Pasinei utongi zviyero akaendeswa nezviremera, pashure Kupanduka Archer muna 1682, nhamba Old Vatendi akakura. Pane kusimbisa vanhu kutanga imwe Smoot itsva. Nikon akasarudza mubvunzo uyu defrocked uye kuenda kunyika vatungamiriri kuutapwa nokupesana.

Asi nokukurumidza vakatambura uye tateguru pachake. The anonyengera ari boyars chakazokanganisa ukama hwake namambo. Muna 1658, Nikon mujeri nokuzvidira pachake ari Kumuka wemamongi, uye pashure pemakore masere pamusoro pake ari mudare umo Patriarch defrocked uye akatumira Belozersky wemamongi kutendeuka.

Uye, zvakadaro, nyaya yekare nevanozvitsigira haana kukwira mugomo, kunyange pashure opals huru muvandudzi. The chete Council, iyo vakaedza Nikon, mhosva uye philosophising vaipikisa, achivadana vanyengeri uye rushambwa.