Mamiriro ePacific Ocean. Nzizi uye makungwa ePacific Ocean. Zvisikwa zvenyika yegungwa

Zviratidzo zvePacific zvinoratidza kuti ndiyo yakakura uye yakadzika pasi rose. Inoshambidza makondinendi akadaro seEurasia, America, Australia neAntarctica. MuMariana Trench kuwedzera kwegungwa kunosvika 11 km.

Etymology

Munhu wokutanga anogara muEurope, uyo akashanyira kurutivi rwekumabvazuva kwegungwa, aiva Balboa, mutungamiri weSpain. Paakayambuka Isthmus yePanama uye, asingazvizivi, akapinda mumhenderekedzo yegungwa, akaritumidza kuti Gungwa rekumaodzanyemba. Makore mashomanana gare gare, Fernand Magellan akasarudza kuedza pfuma yake . Akafamba kwemwedzi mina, achiyambuka gungwa kubva kuPhilippines kuenda kuTierra del Fuego. Mushure maizvozvi, ainzi Akanyarara. Asi musayendisiti wokuFrance Buiash, uyo akafamba neboka rake nePacific Sea, uye dziva rake rose, achionga hukuru hwakakura, akaitumidza kuti Guru. Zvisinei, iyi hydronym haina kubata.

Salinity nemvura mumvura muchando

Chaizvoizvo, nhamba yepamusoro yemunyu inosvika 35.6%. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowanikwa chete munzvimbo dzinotonhora nemhaka yekuti mamiriro ekunze munzvimbo idzi haana mvura yakawandisa, asi pano unogona kuona zvakanyanya kubuda. Chimiro chePacific Ocean, chinowanika mumabhuku akawanda ezvinyorwa, chinoratidza kuti pedyo nechekumabvazuva kwehuyu hwemvura kunoderedzwa zvikuru pamusana pemvura inotonhora. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti munzvimbo dzakadzika uye dzepasi-soro ichi chiratidzo chinosvika pachidimbu chidiki pamusana pemvura inogara iripo uye nyoka.

Kuonekwa kwechando, kureva, kusviba kwemvura, zvakanamatira kunobva pane zvakagadzirwa nesarti. Kazhinji, vanofukidza nzvimbo dzeAntarctic chete, pamwe chete nemvura yeBering, yeJapan, uye Gungwa reOkhotsk. Pamumhenderekedzo ye Alaska icebergs inowanzosimuka, iyo inowanzo "kufamba" kuburikidza nePacific Ocean.

Ecology

Pamusana pemigumisiro yezvinhu zvinoparadza vanhu, mepu yePacific inobvumira mumwe kutarisa nzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzemvura dzakasvibiswa zvakakwana uye dzinokonzera kukuvadza kukuru kune vanhu, uye zvinotyisidzira upenyu hwemhando dzakadaro dzemhuka sehunza hwemvere uye maruva. Kusvibiswa kukuru ndiko mafuta uye marudzi ose emarara. Nemhaka yei, gungwa rakaputirwa nemasimbi, radioactive zvinhu, izvo mumvura hazvigoni kuva. Chimiro chakakwana chePacific Ocean chakaratidza kuti zvinhu zvose zvinowira mauri zvinotakurwa munzvimbo yose yemvura. Chinonyanya kufadza ndechekuti kunyange mumuviri wezvikara zvinogara pedyo neAntarctica, zvinomera zvakafanana zvakawanikwa.

Nzvimbo iyo, iyo inokwezva vatashanyi, yakambove isina kufanana nemiti yakaisvonaka. Vanhu vazhinji vanouya kuzotarisa doro remarara makore mashoma apfuura nekuda kwemarara inounzwa nemvura. Zvinotyisa kuti inosvika kumhenderekedzo yeCalifornia, Hawaii neJapan. Kana muna 2001 nzvimbo yepahara yacho yaiva 1 biliyoni mita mamita. Km, uye uremu - mamita emamirioni mana, panguva ino chiyero ichi chakawedzera zviuru zvenguva! Zvose gumi nemakore gumi izvi zvinokura kusvika pakukura kwakakura.

Nokuda kwekuti dzimwe shiri dzinotora magungano maduku epurasitiki, ivo pachavo vanozvidya kana kuti vanozvipa kumapiko. Somugumisiro, zvinhu izvi hazvibvumi nemuviri, uye chisikwa chinofa nekuda kwekusagona kwekubuda kwavo.

Upenyu hwemhuka uye hurimwa

Vanopfuura hafu yevagari vepasi reHorld Ocean vanogara mumvura yePacific. Mhando dzakawanda dzehove nemiti zvinomiririrwa pano. Peptoplankton chete ndivo vanomiririra 1 300. Miti yemiti yose yemvura 4 zviuru zvemvura uye mbeu 29 pasi pose. Laminaria inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinotonhora, iyo yakareba dzimwe nguva inosvika mamiriyoni 200. Uye munzvimbo dzinotonhora - tsvuku uye fucus algae.

Mumvura yakadzika inogara holothuria, iyo inodyisa chete ivhu. Mvura ine mvura inopisa yegungwa yakazara mune hove zviuru zvenguva nguva, kusiyana nemamwe mvura. Pano unogona kuona mahombekombe egungwa, mahombekombe, uye dzimwe mhando dzemhuka dzisingagoni kuchengetwa mune dzimwe mhenderekedzo dzegungwa. Vakawanda veSalmon vanogara ikoko.

Nzizi dzePacific Ocean

Zvose nzizi dzemvura dzinoyerera mumhenderekedzo yegungwa hadzina hukuru hwakakura, asi dzine zvakakwana kukwira kwevelocity. Panguva iyo pasina nhamba chaiyo, ingani mitsara inosanganiswa nemvura ine simba. Vamwe vane migwagwa inopfuura 100, asi vamwe-uye vanopfuura chiuru.

Mepu yePacific inokubvumira kuti uone nenzizi makumi mana dzakabatana zvakananga nebhaini. Iko huru pane iyo ndiyo mvura yemvura, muromo weGungwa reOkhotsk - Amur.

Mineral resources

Iwe haugoni kupotsa chokwadi chokuti pasi pePacific ine minerals akawanda. Ikoko iwe unogona kuwana dhizimusi yemaminerari akasiyana-siyana. Mune mashefu emarudzi akawanda, kunyanya akadai seJapan, United States of America, Australia nevamwe, vanobudisa gesi nemafuta. Tin inobudiswa mune zvakawanda muMalaysia, zircon iri kuAustralia. Ores uye manganese mari iri kumucheto kwekumvura. Pamusana pekufungidzira kunounhu hweChipanja chePacific, zvinogona kutaurwa zvechokwadi kuti mvura iyi inovanza anenge makumi mana ezana yemafuta uye mafuta. Pano panewo hydrates, nokuti iyo muna 2013 muJapan yakasarudzwa kuchera matsime emagetsi ekugadzirwa kwegasi munzvimbo inotungamirirwa nemuganhu wenyika kuenda kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwegungwa.

Makungwa ePacific haawanzovaratidzi maitiro avo seanotambudzika zvino. Panguva imwe chete, zvinonakidza ndezvokuti, kufamba mumvura, Magellan neboka rake havana kuuraya chero dutu mukati memwedzi mitatu yekugara kwavo pano. Ndokusaka gungwa rakawana zita rayo. Iyo yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana: kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba, muganhu pakati payo unofamba uchienderana nemuganhu we equator.