The schism mukati Orthodox Church nemigumisiro yayo

Munhoroondo Russia uye Chechi yeOrthodox yokuRussia airidza inokosha schism pamusoro XVII remakore. Migumisiro Its zvinoratidzwa mune bongozozo, kutambudzirwa zvavanotenda, nokusika zvisingaverengeki kutenda. Izvi simba pamusoro pamwero uye kukosha vezvitendero-rezvematongerwe enyika akanga yayo background, pasina pakudzidza usingabereki kunzwisisa zvikonzero ichi Russian mutambo mukuru. Chokutanga, kunyange zvazvo chiitiko ichi kwakabatana nokure yezvechitendero uye, kunyanya, pamusoro yokunamata, aiva nezvimwe zvikonzero. Tinogona kutaura basa chevaux Alexei quietest uye Patriarch Nikon, nemhaka iyo enyika ezvinhu vava inokukura rehondo paradzanisa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvikonzero Church muchinangwa ichi ezvinhu, chiduku basa.

Saka, pamwe pamukwidzwa pachigaro yechipiri Romanov youmambo pamusoro chevaux Alexei Mikhailovich, remadunhurirwa rokuti ari quietest, Imperial dumbu of Moscow akawedzera. Key ndaviga Vavariro kuti vabatane pasi bapiro ake Orthodox vanhu vose vaigara Eastern Europe uye muBalkans. Asi mushure kubatwa uye annexation of Left-Bank Ukraine pakarepo aiva dambudziko tsika hunhu. vatendi Most yakakunda nyika vakabhabhatidzwa neminwe matatu, sezvakaitika muGreece uye yose Orthodox nyika, uye vaviri muchinjikwa Russian. The zvinotarisirwa mambo kumisa munhu "Roma Third" akabvunza rakabatana setsika. Kubva izvi kwakanga sarudzo mbiri: kana kuti kumanikidza pamusoro akakunda hwevanhu tsika Russian, kana kuti vatendi rako kureurura Kristu nzira itsva. Naizvozvo schism - migumisiro sagona hurumende mitemo kuti Implementation rakabatana Orthodoxy.

Sezvo kumanikidza chinhu, uye zvaiva nengozi kuti kare vaisagutsikana enyika, mambo akasarudza kutora "nokuda kwake." Uye akazviita yakaoma, "mapurisa" zviyero. Muna 1653 iye akasarudzwa gore apfuura Russian Patriarch, Metropolitan Nikon akatuma chirevo, umo vakawanda categorical tsika ushandiswe wakabhabhatidza minwe matatu uye akaisa prostrations ina panzvimbo gumi namatanhatu pakutanga munyengetero Saint Efrema Sirina. Iyewo chakatsiva nokuimba monophonic mune polyphonic uye kubvumira vaprista kuparidza mharidzo yake sezvamunoita. Saka, Nikon shanduko uye chechi paradzanisa zvakabatana chaizvo mumwe nomumwe.

Sezvo zvakagadzirwa waiita "kubva kumusoro", pasina tsananguro ipi kana kudavira yakarurama zviyero zvakadaro, chirevo akasangana zvikuru kwazvo nemishonga, uye mune zvose strata vemo. Kunyange vamwe vakuru namachinda vakarwa nokuda retrogression chekunamata yekare. Conductors uye kupikiswa vaiva nhengo kwevafundisi, kunyanya archpriests Daniel uye Habhakuki. Asi mambo uye tateguru akaramba akashinga. Kunyange chokwadi kuti muna 1658, Nikon ndokuwira haafarirwi uye muna 1666 Akabviswa kubva chinzvimbo atateguru, haana kukanganisa ose Kuwedzera schism: muna cha1667 Great Moscow Revafundisi peavo vose vakaramba kugamuchira tsika itsva, uye akaramba ' unonyomba Church, "kupomera kwake kutenda.

Kuratidzwa rokutanga kusagutsikana aiva Solovki yemuna nevamwe vanhu (1667-1676). Yakaguma hwokuuraya nevari. The schism shirilsya uye kwakawedzera. Mhuri dzakawanda achitiza kutambudzwa uye ndisingadi akatengesa kutenda kwavo, vakatiza kumudzivo Russian umambo - iri marshes Danube, kuchamhembe, muna Volga nharaunda uye Siberia, achiparadzira shoko pamusoro panowanikwa okupedzisira nguva, uye umambo kwaAntikristu, iyo zvino ndiyo mambo uye tateguru. Alekseya Tishayshego rufu haana kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu. Sophia Alekseevna chete akasungirirwa kutambudzwa vasingateereri Vatendi.

The schism akawana kuratidzwa kwayo kupfuura Anotyisa pane vakawanda kuzvidzora immolation - vanonzi "kutsva". Desperate vanhu vakatora hwavo, kwete kuti apandukire kutenda. kuzviuraya izvi vakaramba rose XVIII-XIX emakore. It agumisa kutambudzwa Panyanzvi simba: nezvomurau Nicholas II «Pamusoro kubvumira," izvo akavimbisa rusununguko rwokunamata kuzvikudza. Uye muna 1929, Dzvene Revafundisi chisarudzo kuti "tsika yekare Russian zvakare inobetsera."