Natural ezvinhu uye zviwanikwa yeRussia: tsananguro, kuongorora

Natural ezvinhu uye zviwanikwa yeRussia - zviri kusimba nyaya huru uye kunzwisisa, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa kwemakore akawanda. Zvisinei, munyaya ino, achapiwa Vhuṱanzi chete pamusoro mamiriro kwezvakatipoteredza yeRussian wehurumende.

On zvepanyama ezvinhu Russia

Pakarepo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pfungwa "rwokuzvarwa ezvinhu" uye "zviwanikwa" Russia kushanda vasingasiyani. Chaizvoizvo, rakatorwa kwedu nyika zvinobatsira mari chikamu yepanyama kwezvakatipoteredza, chinhu chinokosha dzedunhu kwezvakatipoteredza. Kunyange zvakadaro, pfungwa anoratidzwa pamusoro vachiri tsanangudzo yavo. Saka, kutanga zvakafanira kuudza pamusoro yepanyama zvakatipoteredza.

Masayendisiti Most ano uye nyanzvi vanodudzira pfungwa iyi sezvo mumwe akagadzirwa zvivako uye zvakatipoteredza zviri kwezvakatipoteredza kuti zvimwe anogona kukanganisa zvokurarama nazvo vanhu uye vanhu. Environment uye Natural Resources yeRussia kwagara siyana. Kana isu kutaura pamusoro wokutanga, zvakakodzera kutaura zviviri zvinokosha pfungwa: okunze uye kwakaita nzvimbo yacho. Applicability kuRussia, tsanangudzo iyi vaviri zvichishandurwa sezvinotevera:

• okunze, kana "inotonhora," ndizvo padanho kupisa munyika;
• ruyamuro, kana "mapani" - dzakaunganidzwa akasiyana siyana Sushi hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka pasi nzizi, makungwa, makungwa, uye zvichingodaro ..

Okunze uye Nzvimbo aigona yakasiyana siyana kumatunhu ehurumende. Somuenzaniso, yakakurumbira East European Plain anonzi makuru munyika. Zvakanga pano kuti vakawanda reRussia zviwanikwa. Yokuverenga dzimwe nzvimbo dzose nyika, zvichiratidza dzavo okunze uye kuzorodzwa unhu, vachava refu. Kuti aite izvi, pane mabasa mazhinji zvesayenzi uye maenisaikoropidhiya. Next, uchadzidza chete pamusoro dzinokosha Pfungwa dzavo zvikuru zvinoriumba.

Zvinoitwa dzinongoitika ezvinhu

Natural ezvinhu uye pfuma European Russia kuchikosha kukanganisa kukura ehurumende. Next, uchaita kunzwisisa sei. Chokutanga zvakafanira kutaura basa reDare nayo dzinongoitika uye okunze munyika. Matambudziko kuti pane zvokurarama nazvo wevagari vomunyika imwe State, zvakanga nguva dzose kusarudza zvokuita. Man kuramba kuchinjira okunze uye mamiriro ezvinhu zvakabayirwa kwaari pachisikirwo. MuRussia, dambudziko iri kunyanya chakasimba. Nokuda yakakura nzvimbo ehurumende ekunze uye kuzorodzwa mamiriro munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana munyika dzakasiyana chaizvo mumwe. Ndokusaka budiriro munzvimbo dzakasiyana mune zvoupfumi haisi chete.

The mhedziso ndiyo chete kuzviita: mamiriro ezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakatipoteredza sei zvikuru munhu kuita, uyewo pachena basa. Zvose izvi zvikurukuru akatsunga uye uwandu zvinhu mari. Life, varaidzo, basa, mamiriro eutano vagari - izvi zvose zvachose kunobva nezvakatipoteredza maitiro kwezvakatipoteredza. Uye pamusoro chii kukanganisa vane dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma musimboti Russia, izvozvo ichakurukurwa gare gare munyaya.

pfungwa

Ndezvipi kuRussia zviwanikwa? Vanachiremba uye masayendisiti siyana zvinoratidza pfungwa iyi sezvo chine zvivako uye zvinoumba kwezvakatipoteredza kuti anoshandiswa zvinodiwa murume uye vanhu. Uyezve, zvinodiwa izvi zvinogona akasiyana chaizvo: mune zvokunamata. Somuenzaniso, tinogona kusiyanisa, zvichida, chinonyanya kukosha zviwanikwa: mvura uye ivhu. With zvinhu izvi zviviri panyika anomuka Zvaifadza yakawanda siyana zvinomera uye zvirimwa. Energy mabhuku akadai masango, mhepo kana mvura simba, bio-rinochiwedzera, zvinobata moto zvinhu uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda Zvinokoshawo zviwanikwa.

Saka, kwezvakatipoteredza pfuma inogona kurondedzerwa sekanguva dzinongoitika hwaro pamusoro zvinogona basa ravo anokosha nevagari Russian. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti huru dzekuziva kuti unyorwe zvimwe zvakasikwa ndiyo inokosha chinhu sezvo upfumi chinhanho zvekushandisa feasibility.

Natural ezvinhu uye zviwanikwa zviri nechepakati Russia: nokukurukurirana uye kudyidzana

It watopiwa akati, Ndokusaka dzinongoitika ezvinhu basa rinokosha munzanga. Environmental ezvinhu kunonzwisiswa sezvo vamwe zvinhu, simba uye unhu zvakasikwa, izvo panguva imwe padanho inobereka masimba zvinokosha chaizvo kuti vanhu, asi haumanikidzwi kuti kuzvibatsira. Zviwanikwa ndiwo chete - zviri zvimwe zvinhu zvakatipoteredza. Ivo anoshandiswa zvakananga zvidikanwi dzevanhu.

Natural ezvinhu uye pfuma nechepakati Russia (uye dzimwe nzvimbo pamwe) chokuita nomumwe. Asi sei? Kana isu kutora pfungwa dzaitaurwa uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa., iwe tora chete chii vanhu rinodana yepanyama zvakatipoteredza. Muchiitiko chino, zviviri zvinokosha, zvinhu uye mamiriro, muri hama pfungwa. Imwe nhoroondo nguva, zvakafanana zvinhu zvakasikwa kunogonawo kuita sechinhu zvekuvaka uye somunhu dzinongoitika mumugariro.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuvapo inonakidza kuitika: pamusoro nguva yakawanda zviwanikwa zviri zvinhu zviri kuchinja mukirasi. Izvi zvinoitika nokuda kufambira rwokugadzirwa nemagariro mberi. Somuenzaniso, tinogona kutora zvakafanana rezuva kana mhepo simba kana mvura zvacho. All izvi zvinhu kare vasina kupfuura dzinongoitika mumugariro. zvinhu izvi kunobatsira zvikuru mberi nokuvapo zvose zvenyika. Panguva iyoyo sezvo mvura uye simba iye zvino pasi zvinenge zvakakwana kumunhu, apo vachiri asara mashoko yezvakaita zvinhu izvi Zvinokoshawo kupfuma. Saka, chisingadambuki uye zvine chokuita nounhu hwakadai dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma Russia. Rondedzera muchidimbu huru ndivo tichaedza gare gare munyaya.

Agro-okunze zviwanikwa

Natural ezvinhu uye pfuma musimboti Russia agara kufungwa nenyanzvi siyana uye unyanzvi. In rokurima nemauto zvakafanira kutevera pakutanga kuti agro-okunze dzezvakatipoteredza kupfuma. Ndivo rimwe mhando inokosha wokuRussia zvinoriumba upfumi. Masayendisiti muchikoro ichi zvinosanganisira chiedza, mwando nokupisa. Kutaura zvazviri, ndizvo zvose zvinhu iwayo, izvo zvikurukuru kukanganisa kuorera zvimwe zvirimwa. kurima All zvachose anoenderana zvinhu izvi.

Iwe vaizofunga kuti chiedza, unyoro uye kupisa haagoni kuva zvakananga mwe zvokushandisa vanhu, nokuti pane zvimwe zvinhu, sei kuti haangavi nyore kudaro. Muchikamu, ichi ndicho mutsara wechokwadi. Zvisinei, agro-okunze zvikonzero zvose zvakafanana nezvinhu. Uye kune vazhinji zvikonzero. Chikonzero chokutanga kwakadaro - ndiko kuti munhu anokwanisa kukurira dzakanyorwa zvinhu zvakatipoteredza. Kana unyoro ndiyo Hydroelectric, mhepo - mahwindimiri. Thermal simba inogona vaunganidza pachishandiswa chinokosha kwezuva aenzana. Pasinei nokuti munhu yakakunda zvose zvinhu izvi chete zvishomanana, mumwe anogona kutaura chokwadi kuti zvose zvinogona kamwe chete kuva ezvinhu nhasi zvinobudirira ndipiyona upfumi.

zvoutachiona pfuma

Rakajairika dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma nechepakati Russia, uye vokumadokero uye kuchamhembe vari zita zvoutachiona. Chii chaizvo Rinowanikwawo boka iri? Nyanzvi Most anotaura kuboka zvipenyu pfuma-siyana kuvhima, hove kana miti zvinhu. Russia iri kunyanya kupfuma zviwanikwa izvi. The siyana zororo uye mamiriro ezvinhu zvinoratidza kuvapo kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana ehurumende dzakawanda dzakasiyana zvinhu zvakasikwa. Man kwezviuru zvemakore vanobishairira anoshandisa zvinokosha zviwanikwa izvi, zvakadai huni, zvokudya zvinhu (michero, nzungu, muriwo nezvimwe zvigadzirwa), furs, nyama dzakasiyana zvipenyu, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Maererano nenhamba zvinhu zvazvino, mamiriro edu pokutanga kutanga munyika. Chete chaivo dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma yamarudzi North-West kweRussia akabvumira kudana nyika yedu rimwe Nhamba huru anobatsira zvinhu vanhu. Masayendisiti ane refu matafura siyana uye nhamba dzakakurumidza kunyorwa kukubatsira kuona madiro yokuRussia Federation akapfuma chaivo kupfuma. Zvose izvi mashoko inogona nyore kuwanikwa mumabhuku akasiyana-siyana dzesayenzi.

Land pfuma

Uwandu munyika imwe nyika akafanana munyika nzvimbo zvakananga. Panyika wenyika nzvimbo rinofukidza anenge 29% of pepasi rose. Nokudaro% chete 30 kungashandiswa mari yekurima yakakodzera yaikura chikafu. Vamwe nzvimbo ine anezvimiti, mazizaya, Desert, makomo uye zvichingodaro. D.

ReRussia nyika mari rakakura. Idzowo repfumbamwe chikamu yose yose pamusoro. Zvisinei, vakawanda munyika Russia hadzisi kushandiswa. Chikonzero kuti - the permafrost. Saka, kubva pamabhiriyoni 1,709 hectares nyika hectares vanenge mamiriyoni 1,100 vasiri kushandiswa zvachose, uye kwava 60% munyika yacho nyika vakawanda. Kunyange zvakadaro, kuti nhamba kupa netariro kwazvo mashoko: Nhoroondo inenge 11.5 hectares nyika imwe neimwe mugari Russia. Izvi nokure soro mwero munyika. Nokuti nyika arable muRussia anopiwa anenge 8% yacho zvachose panyika nzvimbo munyika.

Nokuda zvikuru dzisakarurama kugovera nyika pfuma yamarudzi Russian Federation zviremera vanosungirwa kuparadzira yepamusoro zvirimwa pasimba kumatunhu munyika. Kazhinji pane kuitika matambudziko anogona uye kunotungamirira yakasimba zvoupfumi. Ndokusaka dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma neEuropean kumaodzanyemba kweRussia, kuchamhembe kana kumavirira nyika kuti kuparadzirwa kwazvo uye vachikurumidza.

Water pfuma

Ndezvipi zvepanyama mvura ezvinhu uye pfuma yamarudzi European North of Russia, kumabvazuva uye kumaodzanyemba kwenyika? Nyanzvi Most vanoti kuti pasi pehurumende mvura nezvinhu zvinoreva nomumativi subsurface eko, mvura glacial, uye kunayisa. Eko - inoshamisa mvura: nzizi, makungwa, nyanza, madziva, etc. Pachivande chaizvoizvo pasi zvikaramba kubva pasi pasi ...

Mvura, hydropower, kudiridza ivhu - vose azvaiitwa inokosha kungoita haana kurarama pasina mvura. Vazhinji mvura weveta munharaunda kweSiberia uye kuFar East. River Lena, Ob, Yenisei nezvimwe madziva akawanda mune matsime chikuru chokuwana mvura yakachena munyika. Water kwagara wakapata inokosha muupenyu hwevanhu. Muchiitiko chino, mvura mari chaiyo chaizvo. Kune mhando mbiri kwavari: exhaustible uye hariperi. Fresh mvura - anokosha munhu, nokuti potable. Pachirehwa chete kune finite zvokushandisa. Ndokusaka zviri kukoshesa munhu anonzwisisa uye anenge kushandisa mvura ave upfumi.

chicherwa pfuma

The kushanda chicherwa zvinhu kwave vakawana murume kwete kare. Zvisinei, tinogona kare kutaura chokwadi kuti vose zvicherwa vane zvivako uye kuparadzwa vasiri renewable. kuparadzirwa zvakakodzera kwakadai zvekuvaka achashandisa zvicherwa nguva chinovhiringidza sezvingabvira.

Chinangwa chikuru chicherwa mari - Industrial. Masayendisiti uye nyanzvi dziri rakakamurwa huru mumapoka matatu:

• Non-esimbi zvicherwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira mugodhi uye zvine maatomu akafanana (phosphorus, munyu, apatites uye t. D.).
• Metallorudnye zvicherwa. Zvakakodzera kuti pfungwa dzakasiyana siyana nesimbi uye ores - black kana chitsvuku.
• Fuel zvicherwa. Izvi zvinonzi siyana zvinobata moto dzakadai huni, gasi, zvinhu zvakaoma (combustible shale, peat, d. Coal uye t.).

All zvinhu chicherwa vari chaizvo vanoiswa anoparadzirwa mhiri mundima Russian Federation. Zvikurukuru, dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma kuchamhembe kunzvimbo Russia inoda yakawanda chicherwa zvinhu. Nzvimbo nyika yedu, apo uwandu chicherwa zvinhu nhasi mukuru - ndiye Altai uye Transbaikalia. Kurskaia nharaunda Somuenzaniso, rinozivikanwa zvikuru ive nzvimbo inonzi rinobva anomaly. Pano, mukuru wevasungwa pakuchera esimbi uye nezvimwe zvicherwa zvakawanda.

Russia ndiyo hurumende kuti ari kushingaira kwekurasira zvose zviwanikwa, kunyanya zvicherwa. Kusiyana dzimwe nyika, chinangwa chiri, sezvo mutemo, kuchengetedza abudisa zvicherwa zvavo zvakare akazvimirira kushandisa, kuti Russian Federation anotumira yakawanda zvinhu anogadzirwa kwose. Chii tinyatsonzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu uye pfuma Russia? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu zvicharangarirwa hereinafter.

The upfumi kunyatsoongorora dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma Russia

Pane chaizvo vakawanda kududzira uye maonero sei chinofanira vaongorore kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu Russia. Zvisinei, pfungwa OR Nazarevskiy runoonekwa kure rakajairika uye inobudirira. Chii kunotaurwa muna Nazarevskiy ezvinhu? Natural ezvinhu uye zviwanikwa yeRussia vari chokuita zvikuru dzinongoitika zviratidzo. Vose vari vachiri zvakanyatsorongwa musi 30 zviratidzo, iyo hafu - climate. Izvi zvinosanganisira kwemvura, tembiricha, zvizivikanwe nemichina basa, uye chando-akasununguka nguva t. D. Ongorora imwe chezvinonhuwira pane rinokosha nguva akamboona. Maererano nayo vanosarudzwa uye madhigirii shanu ambient ezvinhu nyaradzo. Une zvinotevera unhu:

• yakanaka kwazvo;
• yakanaka;
• asi mwoyo;
• ipa;
• zvisingafadzi. chaizvo.

Kutaura zvazviri, zvose zvinhu izvi uye inosanganisira tinyatsonzwisisa dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma Central Russia uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika yacho. Maererano nenyanzvi, kusvikira zuva, chikamu chechina mamiriro edu kana vanoshorwa kana nani mwoyo kuti upenyu hwevanhu.