Chii wakarebesa rwizi munyika?

Kwenguva yakareba zvakanga vaidavira kuti rakareba kupfuura rwizi wenyika - rwaNire. Zvisinei, nemhaka yemazuva ano uye tsvakurudzo masayendisiti akawanda vakadzidza kuti hazvina kudaro. Kushandisa mashoko akapiwa satellites, vakakwanisa kuratidza kuti mumiririri kondinendi African hakusi zvikuru, asi achiri muduku Length yacho Amazon. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti isati nguva ino yakanga iri rechipiri nzvimbo panyika (by prodolzhitlnosti). Uchapupu pamutemo, saka, vachiti, Chinyiko wakarebesa rwizi kwenyika, zvino unogona zvakanaka kutaura Amazon, iyo unonyanya garika.

echimurenga tsvakurudzo

Kureba ushasha pamusoro huru tsinga vamiririri South American nyika wacho kwakaratidza "nyika National Center kuti Space" muBrazil. Havana refu akadzidza izvozvo tichibatsirwa Satellite Data pachishandiswa Masvomhu ari rwendo ari Peruvian uye Brazilian masayendisiti. Chokwadi kuti mukufamba kuita kwarwakabva mutsva Amazon rakawanikwa iyo haina iri nechekuchamhembe kuPeru, sepakutanga ndakafunga, uye mumakomo kumaodzanyemba ehurumende. Somugumisiro, yokusarudza ndiyo wakarebesa rwizi panyika, masayendisiti vakasvika pakugumisa kuti kureba vamiririri South America oda 6.800 makiromita, apo kuti murwizi - anenge 6695 makiromita. Kuti uzive chaiyo kureba matambudziko, nokuti kunoenderana Kururama kunobva. Zvisinei chii seva Amazon, kuchiri zvichava refu.

nzvimbo

Chakarebesa rwizi munyika rinobva muna Peruvian eAndes, pane imwe yakakwirira riri 5000 metres pamusoro pegungwa, uye inoguma muAtlantic Ocean. Gang runoyerera nomunharaunda kunyika dzakadai Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia uye Brazil. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti racho dziva iri hafu maviri nzizi chikuru munyika yose. Zvikuru dzinonakidza ndechokuti yakawanda Amazon iri mundima wokuBrazil, ane vakawanda anotaura Portuguese.

tsananguro mukuru

At paro ndicho wakarebesa rwizi munyika iri hurongwa ina romumhenderekedzo yegungwa dondo uye waterways duku. The Kureba yose waterways aro kunopfuura zviuru 25 makiromita, apo dziva nzvimbo - mamiriyoni 7.2 mativi makiromita. Pamwe naye Atlantic Ocean runoyerera kupinda hurongwa-cheshanu zvose Freshwater matura panyika. Volume aizomupa rakakura kwazvo, kuti murwiyo, ruvara uye salinity mvura yomugungwa zvinosiyana pamusoro marefu vanopfuura 300 chete kubva kumhenderekedzo. Amazon anoberekwa kuburikidza kwemapazi Maranyon uye Ucayali. The nzvimbo yaro yomukati Delta - vanopfuura zviuru 100 akaenzana makiromita.

Nzvimbo nepfungwa kudzika Amazon, inova 135 metres, riri pedo chiteshi Obitus. ukoshi Izvi zvinogona kuenzaniswa youtsinye kweGungwa reBaltic zvakafanana chakarurama. Mwaka iri wakarebesa rwizi munyika mvura yaro rakafukidza imwe nharaunda dzinenge zviuru 110 akaenzana makiromita. zvazvingava ichi kuwedzera neinopfuura katatu munguva yokunaya. Uyezve, kana mumutsetse wokutanga upamhi rwizi zviri makiromita 11, ari wechipiri inogona anodzidziswa 40 makiromita. At-zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvachose urefu gang iri navigable. Uyezve, pano unogona kuenda kunyange yomugungwa zvikepe kuti kukwira muromo guta Manaus, riri 1690 makiromita kubva pakutanga kwayo. Hazvibviri kuona chokwadi chokuti kupfuura rwizi kuchitsuwa yepasi, rinozivikanwa Marajó, ari pamusoro Amazon.

Kwakabva zita

Achitaura zita wakarebesa rwizi munyika, tisingatauri kwakabva zita. Most dzekare uye vaongorori vanodavira kuti wakapiwa kubudikidza Spanish conquistadors. Uye chokwadi, kana vakapinda nechisimba izvi European yakawira pamusoro kondinendi South America, havana kazhinji vaifanira kuhondo pamwe veko. Pakati zvemo, pamwe nevarume nevakadzi vakarwa noushingi. hasha uye ushingi mukadzi wake Indian akayeuchidza Spanish nengano pakati Amazons kubvira kare. Pfungwa conquistadors vakashamiswa chaizvo kuti vari chaizvo vakadana munharaunda gang. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanofunga kuti chaizvoizvo akarwa chete nevanhu, uyo, nekuti vhudzi refu akanga atora vakadzi. Chero zvakanga, zita wakarebesa rwizi munyika yakanga yakaitwa vanhu vokuSpain nenguva.

Biota

Local Flora kunoshamisa zvokufungidzira dzevanhu ayo kusiyana. Muna nhasi, masayendisiti vaikwanisa peruse pane chimwe muzvitatu zvikamu zvaro. Panguva imwe cheteyo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vanenge 25% vose wakashandiswa mushonga nyika somushonga mishonga zvinhu zviri zvikaramba kunyatsoreva mumasango vemo. Zvikuru dzakasiyana ndiyo miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Muna Amazon inogarwa anenge 1500 marudzi ehove. Chimwe chezvinhu kujairika kwemarudzi - zviri hove-nzombe, richisvika makirogiramu mazana mashanu uremu uye mana metres pakureba. Kunze, pano (kusanganisira mabhanga) pane marudzi anenge 250 mhuka uye 1,800 eshiri. Imwe dzepamusorosoro vamiririri veko fauna of vakatanga vaaleanpunainen Freshwater Dolphins, anokwanisa kunovhima kunyange nemafashamo musango. Hazvibviri kuona vakawandisa PIRANHA - hove dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya kuti vava ndiye chinotyisa nekuti cinema.

Water miti

Mumwe mukuru zvinokwezva, riri inozivikanwa wakarebesa rwizi munyika - iri mvura akakurumbira vaRafa kadikidiki miti, vari muromo wayo, pedyo neguta duku Belene. Vanosvika vashanu-mita mucherechedzo pana kureba rwakapetwa uye nechokumusoro kwerwizi. Izvi zvinoitika panguva Oceanic Maze, uye achabatsirwa simba ichidzvova. Miseve vane simba zvakadaro, kuti rinogona akanzwa kunyange chinhambwe 1400 chete kubva pamuromo Amazon.

kushanya

Mhepo tembiricha iri kwayo mabhanga gore kumativi ari kuwanda 26 kusvika 28 Celsius. Panguva iyoyowo, yakanakisisa nguva yegore kushanyira Amazon runoonekwa kuwa. Panyaya vanoshorwa nguva, zviri kuonekwa kutsime, iro rikawira munguva yokunaya. By pamusoro September mvura tinokanganwa uye bares masango omunharaunda uye mahombekombe.

zvakawanikwa

Kuti muchidimbu, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kusawirirana pakati nyanzvi kuti ndiro wakarebesa rwizi munyika, iye zvino kuitwa. Panyaya iyi, hapana mubvunzo kuti mhosva uye uchapupu nemasayendisiti Brazilian kuti akapikisa. Chero zvakanga, nokureba Nile mumakore achangopfuura rave achinja. Zvisinei, kusafanana Amazon, chikuru tsinga of African ndokuramba zvishoma. It wakaatapudza kamwe wakarebesa rwizi munyika nokuda pakuvaka Aswan Dam Nasser, yakatanga muna 1960.