Mari mutengo mafuta Russian. The nemamiriro Russian mitengo mafuta

Muchirwisa colour ari kuitika zvoupfumi mamiriro, mari Russian mafuta zvido kwete chete nyanzvi asiwo vanhuwo. Russia ndohwaJehovha muchikwata kunyika ine mbishi mhando upfumi, uye ayo zvakanaka ndiko akarondedzera mutengo endarama dema pamisika dzakawanda zvakananga. Zvinonyatsoteerera mibvunzo pamusoro sei kunzanga mafuta wokuRussia, zviri matambudziko nekuti rinoreva muchikwata che multi-kukosheswa. Complicating ezvinhu guru mari pezvitsiga nemarudzi uye mhando pakugadzira zvinhu, izvo kusanganiswa yakananga reshiyo kuwana mafuta (Urals), zvikuru mhindu mumusika dzakawanda. Panewo chikamu pakugadzira zvinhu, iyo isina kushandiswa kana iri aivigirwa uye yaizongoshandiswa mu makemikari indasitiri.

Chii kutanga mafuta mari zvinosanganisirei rinodhura?

Mari mutengo Russian mafuta indasitiri kunosanganisira mari. Ndiyo mari kuwedzera tsime mvura kubva pasi kusvikira pamuromo opareta, mutengo mvura, iyo chinotungamirwa kupinda dura kuti kufurirwa rutsigiro, mari nemagetsi uye consumables. Hazvibviri tisatarise, uye mubayiro uye mari. Nyaya kutora depreciation Mari midziyo kuti rinoshandiswa dzokubudisa pakati mbishi zvinhu. Ngatitaurei teererai Masvomhu chokwadi chokuti dzokubudisa pakati pakugadzira zvinhu, kwete matsime ose pamusoro chinhu vari kushandiswa kwacho. Vamwe vavo vanogona igadziriswe. Kunzwisisa ndechokuti aibuda mari midziyo dzakasiyana nguva yakazara (zuva, mwedzi, gore, etc.) Dai akasiyana zvikuru, izvo zvichaita chokuita mari inoshandiswa. Kuti zvakawanda kuti kuumba kwokupedzisira mutengo ndarama dema, kunomutsa omumwe pfungwa mutengo sezvo evasingatombonamati chinangwa uye zvikuru kururama tsika.

Dynamics mafuta mutengo mamiriro

Chikuru mutengo yemafuta Russian, kana kwete kufunga nemitero uye chicherwa dzokubudisa mutero, munguva kubvira 2005 kusvika 2014 nekatatu kubva 1000 kusvika 3000 rubles. Kana kunze kwenyika, mutengo rave amuka. Kare, iye hwaienzanirana rubles 600, uye ikozvino kuruoko 1,800 rubles. Maererano zvinoitwa yekudyidzana kuramba akasangana pacharo, rinova zvose kuratidzwa mafuta mutengo, uye sezvo kuratidzwa dhora. With Panyaya pakukosha kugadzirwa mari mbishi zvinhu zviri madhora, mune zvinorondedzerwa nguva (2005-2014 gg.) Ko rakawedzera. Kana akanga apfuura nyanzvi dzinoongororwa yakagadzirwa mudende $ 5, asi nhasi mutengo wayo harwuwire pazasi 14 madhora. A kuwedzera kuita nokuti kuti mumakore achangopfuura ari mutengo zvendarama vatema vakatanga zvinosanganisira zvekushandisa pamusoro ubanguranyika pamusoro deposits itsva uye yose mubhizimisi iri nemauto. reserves mafuta Russian Akaongorora mumazuva Soviet Union, vaneta zvikuru, uye vane kuwana itsva chicherwa deposits kuti haisi chisingakoshi. Kufungisisa simbi makambani kushanda zvekushandisa.

Chii chinobatanidzwa mu mutengo mafuta pamusoro muenzaniso wekambani "Rosneft"

Zvipfupi kudzidza mafuta mutengo mamiriro kwakavakirwa basa "Rosneft" boka, iro hwakavakirwa kunyatsoongorora zvebhizimisi nyaya kwemwedzi mitanhatu kubvumirwa kuita nhevedzano Masvomhu. Saka, takazoziva kuti mari mbishi zvinhu nokuda 55-57% inoumbwa siyana kwemitero uye mari kuti kambani inobhadhara hurumende. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vanhu vakawanda mari kubva nomumwe vakatengesa mumwe Upfu mafuta anoenda kuripwa severance mutero yetsika mabasa, mari mutero, pamwe anokosha mipiro vashandi (pachake mari mutero uye inishuwarenzi evanhu).

Detailed chikamu muzana Pricing zvinhu

Funga riripi mubereko kubva kutengeswa boka mafuta "Rosneft":

• 10% of mutengo kufukidza mari kukura uye ubanguranyika muminda itsva, ashandisa chirimwa uye midziyo yokugadza, kuwana vatengi uye nemasaini kuti zvibvumirano, vaitarira nokuchengeteka mumabhizimisi;
• 8.4% kubva mbishi zvinhu mitengo kufukidza hurukuro kuti vatengi pasinei nokuti kuguma-vanoshandisa kana kwete;
• 7.6% - cushioning ichi uye vanopfeka zvinhu twa mhando (nezvivakwa uye zvivako, mapaipi mafuta uye zvokushandisa, et unto.);
• 8.6% - ndiwo kuripwa ebetsero mabasa makambani, zvikurukuru, midziyo kugadzirisa kana reprocessing.

On kushanda mari nyaya kuti 13.2 chete%. Uye nokuti rinowanikwa sezvo mambure kufarira mari uye mambure mari asiri kushandiswa mabasa. Zvakasara iri pasi kurangwa pamusoro Gengi simba uye mitero. Pasinei mari kambani mafuta wokuRussia "Rosneft" anogamuchira 9 chete% of mutengo, iyo yakaumbwa pamusoro musika nyika.

Mafuta "Rosneft" kambani iri US madhora

Nyanzvi vanenge vakaedza kuverenga anofungidzirwa mari inoshandiswa mafuta Russian, sezvambotaurwa, akadzidza kambani "Rosneft". Vakawana kuti kambani rinokamukana mari yako zvose muzvikamu zvitatu. Ivo:

• kugadzira uchishandisa mari ;
• mukuru uye administrative;
• mari chokuita ubanguranyika mafuta uye gasi reserves.

Mishumo vanoti dzomunyika mari yacho zvebhizimisi vanoumba 17.5% wekambani zveminda. External mari - ndiwo mamwe 17% of purofiti. Saka, oiri uye ayo Delivery mutengo makambani ari uwandu hapana anopfuura 35 madhora, asi zvinonzi zvakapa kuti mutengo parafini kumusika anoenderana madhora 100. Kana iwe vanokwanisa optimize mari nokuderedza kutevedzera mbiru uye kuderedza mubayiro vane bonuses, uyewo kana Zvakawanikwa depreciation nguva zvigadzirwa, zvinoitika kupinda mari mutengo 25-27 emadhora. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kana kuzvimba dhora, mafuta anodonhedza mutengo, asi kurashikirwa mafuta makambani uye hurumende, iyo anogamuchira mitero kubva zvizere kutenderera rokutengesa epetroleum zvigadzirwa zvinopfuura mutengo mafuta.

Ndezvipi mutengo pamisika nyika kupikisa Russian mafuta indasitiri?

Mafuta uye Russian zvoupfumi iri zvakasimba kwakabatana, uye aiparadza kuderera mari pakugadzira zvinhu, Pakutanga, kuti kutyisidzira mudzimba makambani mazhinji. Maererano mashoko kubva pamutemo zvinyorwa, panguva yezororo dzokutengeserana panyika pamusika mafuta (January 7, 2015) witi chiratidzo zvokutengeserana pa-gore Multi neyakaoma, pane 47.33 dhora. North Sea Brent kwakafumuka mafuta chikawira pazasi nangananga 50,77 emadhora. Nyanzvi kudzidza kutengeswa zvakadai zvinhu misika sezvo mbishi zvinhu uye mafuta, for zvibereko zvakanaka chaizvo, zvichiratidza kuti makambani mafuta vachakwanisa kurarama 2015 pamwe anenge asina matambudziko. Maererano Analytical sangano Regnum, kuti zororo kunyange kutosvika makambani anenge zvose mumhuri mafuta ari pachiyero $ 30. Dry mafuta, pasina rinotevera mari, kukudyira boka pa pakati $ 4 $ 8. Pasinei mipiro nemakambani mafuta anenge 70% mari hurumende papfuma ari indasitiri vane guru zvakakwana chengetedza simba. The Russian Bazi Energy anoronga kuramba padanho kugadzirwa huni matani mamiriyoni 525 mukati, pasinei oma zvirango kubva West uye sezvo shoma kuwana zvikwereti, uye kuti nzira itsva ruzivo pamusoro pokumuka mbishi zvinhu pasherefu.

The profitability okuwana mafuta muRussia

The profitability kuti oiri mu Russia zvakakwirira zvikuru, uye, sezvo takaona kuti indasitiri huchadzivisa mutoro ari kuwa muna huni mari kuti $ 30. Nhasi bhizimisi Urals muchiso iri pachiyero 61,77 emadhora. Kupunzika kuchaita rova chete pamusoro mamiriro bhajeti renyika. Kana boka kushanda "kuti razero", havazokwanisi kuita mari kusvika hurumende pfuma, uye kuvhara bazi "mubayiro" mamiriro havashande kwete asingasviki mamiriyoni mashanu kwakakwana. Nhasi, makambani mafuta nokuda zvoupfumi mamiriro ezvinhu munyika uye nokuti kuti dhora ari kukura, kuedza kusvina mafuta panguva nemutengo wakaderera. Vanomira kuita upfumi mumapoka avo, mari vanorega update, kumisa Geological ubanguranyika uye kunonyanyisa Kurebesa midziyo depreciation. The kushurudzira anovimbisa kumuka mutengo huni munguva pfupi, nyika kwaita yemuraudzo mari uye muripo chakamboti chakavhara zvinhu zviri zvekushandisa. Kana nemitengo yakaderera pamisika mafuta ichaitwa refu chaizvo nguva, matambudziko zvichange vakatarisana kwete chete nokuda mafuta indasitiri, asiwo kune mamiriro sezvo vakadaro. Nepo mafuta zvikuru Russia, zvinokosha kutanga munda, sezvo akatotanga dzakabudirira zvirongwa kwezvinoshandiswa pamusoro nguva. The Indasitiri aigona nemamiriro kuparara, kana chikamu zvakaoma-to-mafuta kuchawedzera. Nhasi zviri 70% zvachose kugadzirwa. Somugumisiro, mari mbishi zvinhu uchawedzera izvo achaita basa iri indasitiri iri rinenge maturo.

Import chete nderwevaya

Pasinei chokwadi kuti minda zvinoshingaira Russian mafuta vanopa pasi mari yokupedzisira, usakanganwa nezvokuti aina yemuraudzo kuuya chete, bhuku mafuta kuti zvinogona kuparadzwa mamiriro. Nepo kuderedza Vhoriyamu kugadzirwa kuti ekisipoti vachava chinhu kutumira. Pane mukana kuti Russia nokukurumidza kuzodzosera Classified kubva ekisipota kuti imupota. Somugumisiro, mafuta Russian nokuti rubles vachava kuwanikwa chete mukati munyika, uye mutengo huni achava iiswe neHurumende pachayo, pasina kufunga yose misika. Ndizvo zvazvakaitawo - mu China, iyo, kunyange nyika chechina tichitarisa okuwana munyika mafuta anomanikidzwa kutenga mafuta. Mamiriro yachinja pamusoro muna 2004. Indonesia, kusvikira ichangobva aimbove nhengo weOPEC, zvino kushingaira vanotenga mbishi zvinhu. Kutaurwa anogona kuitwa, uye Romania, iyo kusvikira nguva ichangobva kupfuura akagovera nhema nendarama Europe uye ndiro ikozvino pacharo anotenga huni Kazakhstan uye Russia.

Mamiriro ari mumhuri musika mafuta

Wakabata pamwechete mubvunzo sei zvikuru tinorasikirwa mafuta Russian, zvinokosha kuti shure nenzira sechivako zvipfuwo kumusika. Maererano rokutanga uye generalized nokufungidzira, kubvira 60 kusvika 80% pamusika mugove munzvimbo oilfield mabasa anoshandisa vokumadokero mapoka mana. It Schlumberger uye Baker Hughes, Weatherford uye Halliburton, yokupedzisira yava kushingaira Absorção de Água pamusoro Baker Hughes. Activities makambani ari zvachose nokudzorwa zvirango zvavakatemerwa ne America musi Russia. Pane matunhu rinofanira kuti makambani zvinobatanidzwa kukura Russian maindasitiri zvachose kwakaregwa, asi pamutemo simbiso chokwadi ichi hachisi. Russian mafuta indasitiri zvikuru kwazvo hunotsigirwa kupinzwa. Somuenzaniso, kushanda kweArctic pasherefu, pasina kutora chikamu vanachiremba vokuUnited States uye avo midziyo hazvitomboiti. About 30% of zvachose Vhoriyamu mafuta munyika inopiwa frekinga. Drilling vakatsauka nematsime chinjikira, yepamusorosoro geophysical tsvakurudzo pamusoro anowanika mashoko, chinozoiswa nenyanzvi vatorwa achitsigirwa zvavo vemumapato masangano. Kugumiswa Kudyidzana pamwe United States rinovimbisa kurasikirwa kukuru zvemaBhaibheri oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo rakapinza kuwedzera rinodhura. Chokwadi, ichi ndicho chete mumwe vangangodaro kuitika pakati dzidziso, izvo zvinogona kana kugamuchira kana kwete kugamuchira sezvo chokwadi.

Nei mutengo mafuta Russian zvowedzera?

Vachikanganisa mafuta sei zvinhu zvakawanda, kubvira Mari midziyo mafuta-kuti mutengo kukura idzva chicherwa deposits. The nyanzvi zvakanyatsorongwa akaongorora zvinhu kukanganisa mutengo zvekuvaka, akadai mafuta, kuti anozivisa goho hakusi anonyaradza chaizvo. Mafuta makambani pfumvu iri kugadzirwa kabhoni, sezvo pave yeminda itsva kunoda inokosha inivhesitimendi. Maererano Bazi Natural Resources, pachikumbaridzo ane nguva zvakaoma-amire pfuma, mwero wavo kare pamusoro 70%. Kuneta namafuta reserves vari tsika kusango pfupi kunogona kukonzera chinokosha kuonga mari upfumi. Nokuti mabasa chokuita kukura yeminda mafuta kure, vakanga dzakaumbwa kushandiswa landfills muna Tomsk Region, Khanty-Mansiysk District, Tatarstan. Vatungamiriri vakawanda mafuta indasitiri kunge pfungwa yokuti mumakore achangopfuura kunaka mafuta Russian kuipa. Pane kudiwa kushandisa michina mitsva mamwe kupishinura peturu. Pasinei chido Russia kuti mari iri nemauto uye kuvandudza mafuta anogadzirwa, vose zvirongwa vachiri zvirongwa uye mudzimba makambani vanoramba kushandisa iripo zviwanikwa. Pachavo sezvo kambani hazvirevi Pari vane zvinhu zvinowanikwa mari iri mazuvaano okuwana uye pakugadzira zvinhu kubva filtration nouipi kuti kuderedza mutengo wayo pamusika uye zvazvinoita unhu. The indasitiri vari kunofambira mberi ezvinhu uye makambani mafuta vakanga vakamirira kumuka mutengo chendarama nhema.