Makungwa epasi uye zvinoreva

Inenge 75% yepasi rose rePasi inoumbwa nemakungwa nemakungwa. Icho chinhu chimwe chete, kubatana nomumwe nemumwe nematambudziko. Yese hydrosphere yenyika ino inonzi World Ocean. Nekudaro, mazamu eNyika ane 97% emvura yose.

Ndeapi mahombekombe aripo munyika? Nyika yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina. Idzi ndidzo mabungwa anotevera: Pacific, Arctic, Atlantic uye Indian.

Kunyarara kunonzi kunonyanya kukosha. Nharaunda yaro inenge mamiriyoni 166 makiromita. Zita rake raakagamuchira mushure mokunge atanga kuyambuka mufambi mukuru ainzi Magellan. Iko mvura inoshandiswa yePacific Ocean inenge hafu yezvisikwa zvemvura zvepasi rose. Kureba kwayo kwakakura kunokwana 17 000 makilomita. Inenge hafu yepasi rose. Asi zita racho harina kufanana nezvakanaka. Hazvisi nguva dzose dzakanaka uye dzakanaka. Nokuda kwebasa rakakwirira remasikisi, dutu guru uye kudengenyeka kwenyika zvinowanzoenderana naye, izvo zvinoita kuti aityise.

Mvura yePacific inoshambidza nharaunda yenyika kubva kuEast Asia kusvika kuAmerica, kusanganisira gungwa reAfrica. Ukuru hwemvura yacho yakasiyana. Muduku pane mamita 120. Ivhareji inopesana mukati memamita 4000. Mvura yakakurumbira kune nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana paNyika, Marian Trench, iyo yakadzika ine 11022 mamita. Mushure mekuitwa kwekutsvakurudza kwave kuonekwa, sekune uko kune zvipenyu zvipenyu.

Kununurwa kwepasi pePacific Ocean kune chimiro chakasiyana. Panewo mararamiro ezvinyorwa, uye zvakawanda zvakaderera. Panharaunda yaro kune zviwi zvakawanda zvine chekudenga. Mvura yegungwa yakafuma mune zvipenyu.

Mahombekombe eNyika anosangana. Chechipiri chikuru kune Atlantic. Nharaunda yaro makiromita makiromita makumi mapfumbamwe. Kukura kukuru kwegungwa kunosvika 9218 mamita. Pakati penharaunda yaro yakatakura rwizi rukuru rwemvura. IAlantic Ocean ine simba guru mumamiriro ekunze muEurope.

Imwe mumiririri wegadziriro iyo makungwa ePasi anogadzira ndeyeIndia imwe. Nharaunda yaro ndeyemamiriyoni makumi matanhatu emakiromita, iri panzvimbo yechitatu maererano nehukuru. Inogona kunzi mvura yakadzika. Munyaya iyi, mvura yaro inoratidzika nemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzezvirimwa nemhuka. Chimwe chinhu chinowanikwa chakakomberedza chitsuwa cheJava, chiri kuIndia Ocean. Kudzika kwayo kunosvika 7450 mamita. Chimwe chinhu chegungwa ndechekushanduka kwekuyerera kwemvura yacho kusvika kune zvakasiyana. Izvi zvinoitika kaviri pagore.

IIndia Ocean inoshambadzira mahombekombe eEast Africa, India, Australia neAntarctica. Kudengenyeka kwepasi pasi pemvura kunokonzera kugadzirwa kwezvikomo zvepamusoro zvinoputika pamusoro pepamusoro uye zvigaro zvitsuwa.

Makungwa ePasi anosanganisira duku kudarika kuActic Ocean. Iri pakati peSiberia neCanada. Chinhu chaicho chaicho ndechokuti vazhinji vayo pamusoro payo yakafukidzwa neqiri. Nokudaro, iri gungwa harina kumbobvunzwa zvizere. Kudzika kukuru kune 5000 mamita. Pedyo nenharaunda yeRussia ndiyo nyika yakadzika. Izvi zvinogadzirisa kuderera kwakanyanya kwegungwa kumhenderekedzo yegungwa: Barents, Chukchi, Laptev, Kara, East Siberian.

Mvura yegungwa is 3% yakaumbwa nekuputswa kwemaminiti emunyu. Ichi chiratidzo chinogona kusiyana. Saka, somuenzaniso, mvura yeGungwa Rakafa ine 24% munyu. Uyewo, kuumbwa kwemvura yegungwa kunosanganisira ndarama. Nhamba yacho yose yakakura, asi huwandu hwakanyanya kuduku zvokuti hazvibviri kuhuwana.

Mhirizhonga yepasi pose ine ruzivo rwakanyanya pamusoro pekare yapasi. Kutsvakurudza kwavo kunopfuurira nhasi. Makungwa eNyika anochengetedza zvakavanzika zvakawanda uye zvishamiso. Zvimwe zvinoratidzira vanhu hazvigone kusunungura kwenguva yakareba. Icho chitubu chemaminerari nezvimwe zvinhu zvinodiwa kuvanhu.