Zdzisław Beckinski - mutongi wekuparadzwa kukuru

Poland inonzi inozivikanwa senzvimbo yekuberekwa kwevasayendisiti vakawanda uye chivako chekuwana kwesayenzi; Vanyori vezvakaitika kare uye nyanzvi dzezvakaitika kare havana kukodzera kusakanganiswa kwekugadzirwa kwehutano hwakanaka hwePoland. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nyore nyore nekuti muRenaissance, uye panguva iyo iyo maitiro ekugadzira seImpressionism, Modern uye Dadaism yakaitwa muEurope, iyo yakazoitawo dzimwe nzira dzakawanda, Poland yakazviwana pachepamheni yenyika yeunyanzvi. Kunyange zvakadaro, zana remakore rechimakumi maviri rakava kubudirira kwehupenyu hwemagariro ehurumende iyi, uye muimbi wePoland Z. Beckinski, uyo akazova chinyorwa chemashure-apocalyptic, uchapupu hweizvi.

Zdzisław Beckinski: Biography uye Creative Kuve

Muenzi wacho akaberekwa musi waFebruary 24, 1929 muSanok, guta duku rePoland kwaakapedza achiri muduku. Muna 1955, mushure mokunge apedzisa kurovedza kwake muurongwa hwekugadzirira muKrakow, akadzokera kuguta rake rokumusha, kwaakatanga kushanda semutungamiri panzvimbo yekuvaka. Basa rinonyangadza rakaita kuti vanyori venguva yemberi vatsvake nzira dzekuzvigadzirira kuzviziva: kwaiva panguva iyi Beksinsky aida kupfeka mafirimu, kupora uye zvakavezwa kubva pamucheka uye netambo. Kunyange zvakadaro, humwe hunhu hukuru hunoratidza maitiro ekuzadza ose mifananidzo yeZdislav Beksinski yakazarurwa: tarisa zvinhu zviduku zvikuru uye zvakadzama, kuratidzwa kwezvakazara zvepamusoro, zviso zvakakomberedzwa zvichinyengedzwa nokutambura, uyewo kuratidzika kwechimiro chechiitiko cheumwe munhu pane chando kana mufananidzo wakavezwa. Mifananidzo iyi yakajeka-yakawoneka mifananidzo, zvisikwa zvisina kufanira uye zvisingabatsiri, dzakaoma nzvimbo.

Kuvandudzwa kwaZdislaw Beckinski semufananidzo

Mifananidzo yekutanga yemufananidzo, pasinei nekuvapo kwemavara akajeka uye mifananidzo, yakagadzirirwa kune unyanzvi hwemifananidzo, asi nguva iyi yakanga isina nguva refu. Mumazana makumi matanhatu, Beckinsky akabatanidzwa nemumwe wemitemo yepamusoro yekuzvipira-kuvimba mune zvaanenge achirota uye kuvashandura kuva mhepo huru yekufema. Kunyange zvakadaro, chido chemuenzi wacho chakanga chisina kumira nokuzvipira, pasinei nokuti ivhu raive rakakura sei rekufananidzira kwepanyanyisa uye yakavanzika phantasmagoria. Kusvikira kuguma kwemazana makumi masere mumabasa eBackinski kunouya "nguva inofadza". Iko panguva iyo iyo mifananidzo yakajeka yakave yakasikwa, yakanyorwa mumutsara wepashure-apocalyptic yechokwadi: kuora kwezvose, rufu uye mhirizhonga inotonga pamigero yevanyori. Zvinenge zvese mapikicha epanguva iyi akanyorwa pamigero yakawanda, iyo inoita kuti muoni awedzere kufadzwa: nzvimbo yakaisvonaka inobata uye inodhonza mukati.

Nenguva yekuguma kwe "nguva inonakidza" yebasa remugadziri yakava yakanyanyisa kunyanzvi-mamwe mashoko akazonyangarika, ruvara rwemvara rwakasvika monochrome, izvo zvisinei, hazvina kukanganisa simba rinoratidza simba rezvibvumirano. Pane imwe nguva gare gare, Zdzislaw Beksinski akaziva mitemo uye zvikamu zvehutano hwakasiyana-siyana hwemakombiyuta mapikicha uye akashanda nemapurogiramu akasiyana-siyana emagetsi kusvika pakuguma kwemazuva ake.

Muenzi wacho akaparadzanisa nzira yake yekusika mumhando mbiri: maBaroque style, umo mazwi uye kugadzirwa kwezvifananidzo zvinowanikwa, uye Gothic, uko kunyatsoratidzwa kunobhadharwa kuumba. Zviri nyore kufungidzira kuti Gothic stylistics yakakunda mumabasa achangobva kuitwa.

Chimwe chiitiko chisina kujairika chakapiwa naZdislav Beksinski: hapana mafananidzo ane mazita muhupenyu hwake hwekusika. Haana kumbopa mazita kuzvigadziro zvake, achibvumira muoni kuti apinde mukati-kati mune nyika yakaipa uye fungisisa pamusoro pezvakaitika pane zvaakawana kubva pane zvakaitika pane kufunga kwake.

Kuzivikanwa uye mukurumbira wenyika

Kubva uye kunyanya kunzwisisika kwemuenzi wacho kwakaita kuti aonekwe munyika yose. Iko kutanga kwekuratidzira muWarsaw kwakabatwa muna 1964, zvichiunza muenzi wacho kwete chete kubwinya, asiwo kubudirira kwezvinhu - zvose zvifananidzo zvaitengeswa kunze.

Kwapera nguva yakati, mumakore makumi masere, Zdislav Beckinski akazozivikanwa muWest Europe, United States neJapan.

Zvisinei, pasinei nokubudirira uye kugamuchirwa kwevanhu vose, haana kurasikirwa nemafungiro emabasa ake: pakuguma kwemazana makumi manomwe, musi wekuenda kwake kuWarsaw uye zuva rekuratidzira basa, munyori akaparadza zvinhu zvakawanda, achitsanangura kuti akavawana vasina kugutsikana uye vashoma kududzira.

Nyika yezviitiko zvemukati Zdislav Beksinski

Izvo zvisingazivikanwi, pasi pesimba rezvido zvekuda uye zvakasununguka zvakaberekerwa mifananidzo yeanyanzvi yemifananidzo, yakazara neaesthetics yemarwadzo, kutyisidzira uye kusadzingirira kwekunze, zvakananga kusvika pamwero wakafanana, kunze kwekukwirirana naBeksinsky - munyori Sigismund Krzhizhanovsky.

Shamwari neshamwari dzomunyori uyu akati tsitsi dzake uye mafaro, iye, Beksinsky akawana mamwe emabasa ake "anonakidza." Zvisinei, inonyatsozivikanwa kuti, pasinei nounhu hwake munyoro, haana kunyadziswa nefilosofi nemafungiro echisaromasochism - akataura izvi muzvinyorwa, uye akapawo mifananidzo yezvifananidzo kumusoro uyu.

Zvisinei, pakupera kwemakore makumi mapfumbamwe munyori wacho akawana nguva dzakaoma: muna 1998 mudzimai wake Sophia akafa nechirwere, uye gore rakatevera, mwanakomana Tomash, munyori anozivikanwa zvikuru mumunyori, akazviuraya. Beckinski haana kumbokwanisa kusvika pakuratidzira kurasikirwa uku.

Rufu rweMusiki

Uyu munyori akaurayiwa pazera remakore makumi manomwe nemashanu musi waFebruary 22, 2005 - akaurayiwa nevechiri kuyaruka, avo vakaramba kubhadhara mari. Muviri wake, nemitemo yemavanga akawanda, akawanikwa muimba yeWarsaw.

Iyo yakanakisisa uye yakajeka nhaka yeZdislav Beksinski ichiri chivigiro chemhando yePoland uye nyika yose; Mifananidzo yemifananidzo yake inowanzoshandiswa sehupfumi hwema album emasimbi ematare, uyewo shanduro dzePoland dzeAlbums yezvigadzirwa zvemabhizimisi The Legendary Pink Dots dzakashongedzwa nekushandiswa kwavo mushure mekufa kwaTomasz Beckinski, uyo aivada.