Kubva izvo makore kuumbwa uye chii mhando vakakamurwa

Vose vakanga vaona kumakore. Vane zvikuru nezviduku, anenge yakajeka uye chaizvo gobvu, chena kana rima, zvinotyisa. Kutora chimwe chimiro, vanotarisa semhuka uye zvinhu. Asi izvo makore kuumbwa uye nei vanotarira saizvozvo? Izvi vachakuudza gare gare.

Chii gore

Munhu nendege mundege, zvimwe "akapfuura" kuburikidza gore uye vakacherechedza kuti anotarisa rwakaita bvungapfunga, asi hazvisi zvakananga pasi mudenga. Tikaenzanisa rakanyatsojeka nomusoro, nokuti mumwe uye mumwe munhu kwakajairika hwemvura. Uye iyewo, chinosanganisira roga mvura mumate. Kupi vakabvepi?

mvura iyi nhema pachiso uye mvura iri dzedenga kwemvura. Naizvozvo, mukuru kuunganidza makore vakachengeta pamusoro pemakungwa. Nokuti gore kubva kwavo panyika runopwa vanenge zviuru 400 cubic makiromita, inova 4 nguva kupfuura nyika.

Ndezvipi mhando makore vari? All zvinoenderana mamiriro mvura, iyo inowanikwa kwavari. Rinogona kuva gaseous, mvura kana hwakasimba. Zvingaita hazvishamisi, asi vamwe makore here kuva zvidimbu chando.

Takaona kuti makore inoumbwa kuunganidza vakawanda tudonhwe mvura. Asi kupedza zvakakodzera kubatana kuti izvo 'achanamatira "donhwe uye vaungana. Kazhinji, basa iri rinoitwa nevanhu guruva, utsi kana munyu.

kupatsanura

Kukwirira urongwa hunoenderana, umo makore kuumbwa Vachatarirawo sei. Kazhinji, chena guru, izvo isu Maiona mudenga, kuoneka mune troposphere. yokumusoro muganhu wayo dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana nokuti nzvimbo. The dzepedyo munzvimbo neequator, dzakanga mureza zvingaite makore. Somuenzaniso, pamusoro munharaunda inopisa muganhu troposphere riri imwe kukwira anenge 18 km uye kweArctic Circle - 10 km.

Gore inotungamirwa zvinogoneka uye panguva dzakakwirira altitudes, asi vari Parizvino havaratidzi kunzwisisa. Somuenzaniso, imwe parera kuonekwa ari stratosphere, uye sirivha - iri mesosphere.

tropospheric makore rakakamurwa mhando zvichienderana mumhu pa yavanoti dziri - chokumusoro, pakati kana kudzika weDanho yacho troposphere. Air sangano zvakare kwazvo unochinja gore inotungamirwa. In yakanyarara ezvinhu vakaumba cirrus uye stratus makore, asi kana mhepo makuru ari troposphere kutama vanoiswa, kuwedzera ndingangokuvara cumulus.

pamusoro weDanho

Nguva iyi anofukidza nzvimbo kudenga ari kukwirira kupfuura 6 km refu uye kusvikira kumucheto troposphere. Yandakapiwa mhepo tembiricha haasi kupfuura 0 madhigirii, zviri nyore kuti zvokufungidzira pakati makore achiumbwa yokumusoro weDanho. Izvi zvinogona chete kuva chando.

In chitarisiko makore zvinorevei, yaiva pano, akakamurwa 3 siyana:

1. Cirrus. Vane chemarata marongerwo uye kuonekwe sezvo vakaparadzana shinda, rinoparadza kana muhomba yose.
2. Cirrocumulus panofanira zviduku marozari, flakes kana curls.
3. Cirrostratus vari translucent rejira akafanana, "kufukidza" denga. Makore izvi mhando kunogona ruchatambanudzirwa kudenga kana kugara chete nzvimbo diki.

Kukwirira gore riri repamusoro weDanho dzingasiyana zvikuru zvichienderana siyana zvinhu. Zvingava mashomanana zana metres, uye makumi ezviuru makiromita.

Nepakati uye kuderedza weDanho

The pakati weDanho - zviri chikamu troposphere, yaiva kazhinji pakati 2 uye 6 km. Apa pane altocumulus, izvo kura pfumbu kana chichena guru. Zvinosanganisira mvura inodziya mwedzi uye, naizvozvovo, kubva chando muchando. Rudzi rwechipiri makore - altostratus. Vane samafuta-wachena ruvara uye kazhinji yakafukidzirwa kudenga. makore akadaro kunayisa muchimiro pfunha kana yakanaka chando, asi kazhinji anosvika panyika.

Rezasi weDanho iri zvakananga pamusoro pedu kudenga. Makore rinogona 4 mhando:

1. Stratocumulus muchimiro zvinogumbura kana vachena miseve. Kutakura sediments, kunze zviitiko apo tembiricha iri shoma.
2. Layered. Akaisa pazasi vamwe vose vari vachena.
3. Nimbostratus. anogona kunzwisiswa se kubva zita, tiri kunonaya, uye somunhu mutemo, ivo Kwakapararira zvakasikwa. Izvi pfumbu makore kuti havana imwe chimiro.
4. Cumulus. Vamwe zvikuru kucherechedzwa makore. Tarirai kuti simba mirwi netsvimbo kusvika sandara chawo. Precipitation makore kwakadaro musamutsa.

Pane rumwe rudzi, haina zvaisanganisira mu zvavo pasi. It cumulonimbus makore. Vanokurukura vertically uye varipo nechimwe vatatu tiers. makore aya vauye mvura, mabhanan'ana nechimvuramabwe, saka chinowanzoonekwa vachinzi semheni kana dutu.

Ya upenyu makore

Nokuti vaya vanoziva, umo makore kuumbwa, unogona kuva mubvunzo dzinonakidza pamusoro ya hwavo. Pano, zvikuru iri kuridzwa mwando pamwero. Zviri rakasiyana tsime simba nokuda kumakore. Kana mhepo iri troposphere zvaoma zvakakwana, gore hakuzogari refu. Kana mwando kumusoro, zvinogona kwenguva yakareba ichiyangarara mudenga kusvika anova simba kuti pave kunayisa.

Nezveshoko chimiro makore, ayo lifespan zvikuru diki. Water nezvimedu vari yairamba ichifambira pfuma, sasana uye dzumbunuka. Naizvozvo, rimwe chete chimiro makore haagoni kurarama kunyange kwemaminitsi 5.