Karusiyamu phosphate

Tribasic phosphoric asidhi siyana pamwe vatatu Mhando calcium munyu. Izvi karusiyamu rehydrogen phosphate CaHPO4, karusiyamu dihydrogen phosphate Ca (H2PO4) 2 uye orthophosphate, kana karusiyamu phosphate, ane nzira kunopiwa: Ca3 (PO4) 2. munyu Uyu inorganic fuma, pasi pomureza ezvinhu yakasimba, uye nemvura pemipata (Unonyunguduka) pane imwe tembiricha kuti 1200 C. The arambe achirema yakaenzana 2,81 g / cm³, kuti matadza guru - 310,2 g / nhuta. Karusiyamu phosphate iri havaratidzi soluble nemvura pa 20 ° C vanobudisa chikamu hazvina kupfuudza 0,0025%. Kusiyana kwazvo dzimwe yeimwe, pachiyero ayo solubility shoma kuwedzera tembiricha. Saka, muna kudziyisa munyu ichi anokwanisa kuumba deposits.

Karusiyamu phosphate chinhu chena crystalline fuma iri chikamu apatite zvicherwa (ndorwevaya mukirasi phosphates ane kusvika 56% Cao uye vanenge 41% P2O5), phosphorite (fibrous kana gobvu ungano apatite ine dzinopfuura 18% P2O5) uye hydroxyapatite (chikuru chezvinonhuwira kwevanhu uye mhuka mapfupa). Tinoratidza kwakabva zvimwe deposits ose mutsvina yadzo kana mhuka akafa. Other minda (semuenzaniso, mumakungwa yekare) aumba somugumisiro upenyu "fosforobaktery". Asi mune dzimwe nzvimbo, deposits venyika chicherwa ichi vari evasingatombonamati chicherwa mavambo. Vose vari rinoparadzirwa muzvinhu zvakasikwa uye vari kushandiswa nenyika upfumi.

Apatite chinhu mbishi mashoko phosphorus, phosphate fetiraiza uye phosphoric acid, uyewo inoshandiswa ferrous uye nonferrous simbi iri kugadzirwa girazi uye zvedongo. Natural zvicherwa zviri phosphate matombo akasiyana mavambo, asi zvikuru sedimentary, vari kushandiswa zvakawedzera vapfume uye kugadzirwa phosphate fetiraiza. Mumatanda phosphorites uye apatites vane zvikuru zvokurima, sezvo kwete chete kushandiswa pave fetiraiza, asi uyewo karusiyamu kwaibva zvokudya shiri kana mhuka: zvokudya karusiyamu phosphate anobudiswa maererano GOST 23999-80.

Mineral inorganic - apatite - rinoshandiswa pezvakaitwa kugadzira anopfuura makumi maviri. kushandiswa kwaro kweShanduro abrasives, girazi uye Ceramics, uyewo kubudisa pachena phosphoric asidhi uye phosphorus. Masero anopfuuura maererano zano: 3SiO2 + Ca3 (PO4) 2 + 5c → 3CaSiO3 + 5CO + 2P. fuma iyi vanotiwo yaigadzira zvokudya: iripo sezvokudya chirungiso E341 maererano GOST P 53945-2010, apo, pamwe 1- uye 2-kuchiiswa munyu pamusoro phosphoric asidhi zvinosanganisira karusiyamu phosphate. Kugadzirwa chigadzirwa ichi zvinosanganisira inoomesera zvinodiwa kuti feedstock. In kugadzirwa kwezvokudya yokuvirisa kushandisa iine acid phosphoric mugwaro A maererano GOST 10678-76, karusiyamu hydroxide maererano GOST 9262-77 uye mishonga kunokurumidziswa choko maererano GOST 8253-79.

Mineral ine karusiyamu phosphate, inoita basa rinokosha mumuviri womunhu. Hydroxyapatite inogona dzaimiririrwa nzira 3Sa3 (PO4) 3 • Ca (OH) 2. Ndicho chikuru chezvinonhuwira chivakwa zvokunyama uye pfupa romunhu. chicherwa ichi chikamu enamel rokuti fluorapatite. The daily chinodiwa kuti hombe uye phosphorus iri zvinobva 800 kusvika 1500 MG. Panguva muviri kuti phosphorus yeimwe mumuviri womunhu akagamuchira chiropa uye chengetedza izvi hormone vhitamini D. Various zvirwere pfupa uye meno hunovapo kushayikwa phosphorus pamuviri. karusiyamu phosphate kunobva zvokudya, kunosimbisa mazino uye mapfupa, uye akabatana nevamwe zvicherwa inotsigira kumwoyo, kunotadzisa kenza muura, inodzora tsinga basa, munyaya pakuvaka collagen, kunobatsira kuderedza remafuta akawandisa. The phosphates zvinobviswa mutsvina yadzo, uye weti akasunungura anenge 4 g phosphoric asidhi munyu daily.

Vanonyanya kupa calcium phosphate kuti munhu - mukaka nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka, bota, akakomberedzwa facial, chizi, mukaka wembudzi, Sarimoni, rehove pamunhu uye anchovies. Kuva havaratidzi soluble mumvura karusiyamu phosphate mukuru wevasungwa mumukaka, sezvo pane colloidal gadziriro iri muchimiro micelles - tudonhwe vashomashoma insoluble chinoumba, izvo akapoteredzwa solvent mamorekuru uye adsorbed ions. Dziri mukaka casein, zvakawanda chaizvo, karusiyamu caseinate, iyo inesungano phosphoproteins, sezvo chine phosphate boka. Zvisinei, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuti kudzivisa zvakawandisa calcium phosphate, kunyanya ari muchimiro akakomberedzwa zvokudya uye zvokuwedzera, kana munhu ane kana anotevera zvirwere: parathyroid, itsvo matombo kana panguva kunopfuurira kurapwa dzine tetracycline inorwisa mabhakitiriya.