Epaulettes of generalissimo. The chemhando uto chinzvimbo. Military chinzvimbo I. V. Stalina

In XX remakore munhau yedu chete Stalin akanga epaulets kuti generalissimo. Awarding zita rokuti "vakabvunza" kune vaiti mumwe zvinomera mushure Soviet kukunda pamusoro Germany muna 1945. Chokwadi, ichi "kushanda" pamusoro proletariat vakadzidza vose vagere Union.

Vashoma rangarira, asi Stalin akanga paakavapa soro uto chinzvimbo pakati tsarist hwacho. Rakanga kwokupedzisira kuchinja pfungwa Bolsheviks, nokuti dzidziso asati sokusingaitiki parutivi kuedza zvose chamazuva ose namarudzi. Stalin akanzwisisa kuti munguva ino yakaoma nokuti nyika uye akaramba ari tsika anokunda mweya saka vakavengwa vaKomonisiti yeRussian hwacho anofanira kuponesa nyika. Akapinda anosungira - a nevamwe chiratidzo "youmambo kuuraya," mupurisa mamiriro, wakange chete nokutuka nezvinorehwa ichi, vamwe madunhurirwa itsva.

kuchinja izvi vari awa zviomere nyika vaifanira ibatane zvose zvakasiyana ehondo yevagari vemo. VokuGermany vaiziva kuti neutera Soviet Union - chizvarwa pakakoromoka. Unyanzvi kushandiswa vanopinza vakawanda battalions of Red Army. Stalin akanzwisisa izvi uye uto kwezvakatipoteredza.

Zvinokosha kuti nyika mumakore kuenda chigaro chamazuva zvizvarwa. Kuvabvunzeiko zviitiko izvi, tinoyeuka kuti zvikuru zvakanga Generalissimo nhoroondo yedu. Uyewo kukuudzai zvimwe zvinofadza zvinenge Stalin chokuita nemusoro uyu.

Generalissimo munhoroondo yenyika

Shoko rokuti "Generalissimo" anouya kwatiri kubva muchiLatin. Ashandurwa zvinoreva "kukosha." Ndicho chikuru chinzvimbo kuti nokusingaperi kwakamboitwa hondo chero mamiriro. The yunifomu yacho generalissimo vakapa kwete chete mamiriro muchiuto, asi vehurumende, enyika. Zita iri paakavapa chete chinokosha zvechokwadi vanhu.

Izvi rokuremekedza donedavna aipfeka Chan Kayshi (yaifananidzira pamusoro), muvengi Chinese vaKomonisiti. Asi nhasi hapana Generalissimo nyika vanoshingaira. Chitima musoro uye yedu nehondo hurongwa. The wokupedzisira munyika vakanga zvepamusoro zvakadaro, akanga Kim Chen vaIri - mutungamiri North Korea, unova chete paakanga afa paakavapa naye 2011. Nokuti North vokuKorea havasi vanhu, ndiMwari, chiratidzo rwacho. Munyika ino, ari karenda nechokuita zvakananga enyika ino. Kunenge kuti DPRK kuonekwe mumwe munhu zvakadaro zvepamusoro.

History anoziva zvishoma generalissimos. MuFrance, kwemakore 400, maviri chete gumi nevaviri kurovedzera vakanga paakavapa zita iri. MuRussia, kudziverenga mumakore mazana matatu apfuura, vane minwe zvakakwana noruoko rimwe.

Ndiani aiva wokutanga generalissimo? Shanduro "kusetsa vehondo" wokutanga

Chokutanga, uyo akanga paakavapa chinzvimbo ichi munyika nhoroondo, vaiva shamwari Petra Velikogo - Ivan Buturlin uye Fedor Romodanovsky. Zvisinei, nenzira iyi chinogona kupa mumwe mukomana achitamba muchivanze neshamwari. Muna 1864, makore gumi Petro akavapa musoro "mauto Generalissimo varaidza" panguva mutambo. Vakamira panotangira vaviri richangobva kuumbwa regiments "varaidza". kwakanga kusina machisi pamwe chaiko okuremekedza nguva.

Version Two: Aleksey Shein

Pamutemo, iri vakuru vakuru "varaidza vehondo" havana anotsigirwa nemitemo yakanyorwa uye mirayiridzo. Naizvozvo, sezvo mukuru kurwa kuti basa yokutanga generalissimo kare vanodana gavhuna Alekseya Sheina. Panguva Azov rutsigiro akarayira Chitarisiko uye Semenov hondo. Peter akarumbidza utungamiriri hwakanaka, nzira zvechiuto uye chokuridza Shein, yaakanga paakavapa June ake 28, 1696 ichi zvepamusoro.

Version vatatu: Michael Cherkasky

Peter Ndaifarira kupa "pamwe fudzi tenzi wake" mukuru hurumende mibayiro uye mazita okuremekedza. Kazhinji kwakanga runobva uye dzimwe nguva zvechimbichimbi zvisarudzo kutyora zvatinosiita uye musoro nzira zvinhu. Saka nguva Peter I yakauya generalissimo yeRussian mamiriro wokutanga.

Mumwe izvi, maererano dzakaitika shanduro yakanga tenzi Michael Cherkasky. Aiva mutariri administrative remabasa, akanga akakurumbira pakati muvanhu. On mari yavakanga vavaka warship kuti ari Azov mushandirapamwe.

Peter Ndarumbidza mupiro wake nyika. Haana kuramba pasina hanya nevamwe, zvishoma zvinokosha, asi anobatsira zvinhu nzanga. Nokuti izvi zvose, Petro paakavapa Boyar Cherkassy soro uto chinzvimbo. Maererano nokumwe kufungidzira venhau dzakaitika, aiva December 14, 1695, t. E., mwedzi mitanhatu asati Shein.

kanyanyisa rokuremekedza

Mune ramangwana, avo vaipfeka epaulets ose generalissimo, hapana nemhanza. Pane zvitatu: Prince Menshikov, Duke Anton Ulrih pamusoro Brunswick uye Aleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov, vane mazita uye achibuda haisi nyaya chete.

Prince Menshikov, shamwari yakavimbika uye yakabatana Peter Mukuru, akapiwa zita iri muduku Peter II. The muduku mambo aifanira kuroora mwanasikana womuchinda, asi mumuzinda anonyengera yokutenda chikero mune zvimwe. Fair kutaura kuti Peter muduku akanga asina nguva kuroorwa. Panguva yokupedzisira, akafa nechibhokisi, pashure iyo Prince Menshikov akanga vakapfekenurwa mazita ose uye mibayiro uye akatuma Holdings dzavo Berezniki, kure guru.

The wokuisira chechipiri chemhando uto chinzvimbo - Murume Anny Leopoldovny, Duke Anton Ulrih pakati Brunswick. Zvisinei, akanga kwavari refu. Papera gore akanga uyewo vakapfekenurwa musoro mushure pakuputsa vaviri kubva pachigaro.

Wechitatu, uyo akanga paakavapa soro chinzvimbo muumambo hwacho, akanga A. V. Suvorov. Kukunda ake akanga kunozivikanwa munyika. Zita rokuremekedza iri haana kumbova mubvunzo. Asi njodzi ndechokuti akapedza Generalissimo mwedzi dzinenge mitanhatu, uye ipapo akafa.

Suvorov mushure Russian Empire zita ichi havana kuwana nomumwe. Saka, zvinokwanisika here kuverenga zvakadini zvakanga Generalissimo nhoroondo Russian kuti Soviet Union. About Stalin rokuremekedza nehurukuro gare gare.

Panzvimbo pokutanga - zvinzvimbo

Pashure pokuchinja, kuti Bolsheviks mafungiro kune zviyeuchidzo tsarist hwechiKomonisiti. Pfungwa "mukuru" raiva shoko tsvina. Sezvo kutonga, mutakuri chinzvimbo ichi, akanga asina kukwanisa kutama nguva, akawira pasi kutambudzwa nezviremera. ndokuguma pamwe kupfura kakawanda.

Panzvimbo mazita munyika pane hurongwa mapango. Somuenzaniso, yakakurumbira Chapayev nokupesana wehondo, t. E. Kupesana wavarwi. Kudzidza kuteterera yakafanana nzvimbo - ". Shamwari Divisional Mutungamiriri" Aionekwa soro chinzvimbo yokukunda. A mitemo nyaya kwaari - "Shamwari Marshal," kana nezita: "Shamwari Zhukov," "Shamwari Stalin," etc. Ndizvo zita Stalin, hondo aingova, Marshal uye Generalissimo haana ...

Zvinokosha kuti zvaniyae rwevanhu uye Admiral akanonoka, chete muna 1940.

arayira hurongwa

Mumazuva akaoma hondo, utungamiriri Soviet akaenda chakakomba uto zvinhu muchiuto ino. Older namagwatidziro zvaiva akabvisa. Munzvimbo vavo vakaurawa "youmambo" zvemaoresa zvechiuto uye mazita okuremekedza, uye nehondo pachayo akanga asiri "dzvuku mushandi-murimi mudiki" uye "Soviet", akasuma mukurumbira mamiriro vakuru.

vanhu vazhinji, kunyanya vakura uye vachembera vakanzwisisa kuchinja ichi okusafarira. Vanogona kunzwisisa: Zvisinei, mukuru mukuru akanga kwavari rakafanana nerokuti "mudzvinyiriri", "imperialist", "gororo", etc. Kazhinji, zvinhu izvi zvakasimbisa morale weuto, akaita musoro kuzvidzora gadziriro zvakakwana ...

All kweuto utungamiriri renyika uye Stalin pachako kuti nezviyero izvi kuchabatsira kuti vawane kukunda, streamlined marongerwo uye akanyatsorongwa. Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti panguva ino inonyanya chinzvimbo generalissimo akasuma. Zvisinei, ichi ari kutsausa. Stalin yose hondo, kusvikira vakunda yokukunda.

Mubayiro kuhwina

Saka, kusvikira 1945 soro chinzvimbo Marshal of Soviet Union yakanga. Zvakange chete pashure nokukunda, June 26, 1945, wakatangwa musoro Generalissimo Soviet Union. Zuva rakatevera, pahwaro ari "chikumbiro" vashandi, yakapiwa Stalin.

On kutanga yoga reruremekedzo Iosifa Vissarionovicha takataura kwenguva refu, asi mutungamiri pachake nguva vakaramba vaitaura zvose izvi. Yakanga chete pashure pehondo, kubvuma kuteterera Rokossovskogo akabvuma. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mazuva ake asati, Stalin akanga akapfeka yunifomu pamusoro Marshal, kunyange chiduku zvokutsauka kubva mitemo. Kudzora "Shamwari Stalin" kwainzi kutyora mutemo, sezvo rinongova chikumbiro kuna Marshal, asi mutungamiri pachake haana kumboita. "Shamwari Generalissimo" vanofanira kushandisa pashure June 1945 kwaari.

Pashure Stalin kuti zvakataurwa chaiva kupa chepamusorosoro chinzvimbo maviri nevamwe vatungamiriri Soviet Union - Khrushchev uye Brezhnev, asi handina kumbomuwana. Pashure 1993, zita uyu haana kuiswawo pakati itsva vakuru pakati hondo Russian Federation.

epaulettes of generalissimo

Kugadzirwa yunifomu itsva rokuti chatangwa pashure rakavapa kuna Stalin. basa iri akatungamirira ndichigadzira rwemberi Red Army. Kwenguva refu, zvose zvakashandiswa semhosva "chakavanzika", uye chete muna 1996, mashoko vakasunungurwa.

Paaisika mufananidzo yunifomu vakaedza kufunga kuitika mukuru yokukunda bazi, asi kusika chinhu chinokosha, kufanana nezvimwe. Mushure ose basa epaulettes ose generalissimo dzechisoja kufanana Count Suvorov. Zvichida Developers vakaedza kufadza Stalin, aiva utera nekuda manyorero zvipfeko yeRussian Empire pamwe epaulettes, nokusunungura mapfundo, uye zvimwe zvose zvaari.

Stalin akazoti kanopfuura kamwe kuti kundinyima mvumo kuti kupa ndicho chikuru chinzvimbo. Haana kamwe kupfeka itsva muchimiro Generalissimo, uye kukura vose vachawira pasi "Classified." Stalin akaramba kupfeka yokukunda chimiro - chena nguo chete anomira-up chipika kana pfumbu prewar akaputswa - kunonoka chipika uye muhomwe mana.

Possible chikonzero chitsva siyana kurambwa

Zvisinei, chii chinoita kuti icho Stalin akaramba kupfeka yunifomu? Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mutungamiriri aiva uwandu zvivako nezvechitarisiko chavo, uye akafunga pamusoro yakaderera, wakarurama mutana kwazvo chimiro akadaro vachatarira musoro, musoro.

Imhaka Shanduro iyi, sezvo vamwe vanodavira, Stalin akaramba achatungamirira zvikuru achimisa of Victory uye nemasaini kuita Kuregwa Germany. Zvisinei, ichi ndicho chete dzidziso. Saka yakanga kana kwete, isu, vazukuru, anogona chete zvokufungidzira.