Dzhon Kabot uye Sebastian Cabot. The Kuzarurwa North America

Dzhovanni Kaboto, nani kuzivikanwa Dzhon Kabot, aiva Chirungu aidzidzisa kuItaly mavambo. Iye akabata zvinzvimbo anokosha uye kubudirira chaizvo, asi nhasi inozivikanwa nani sezvo murume akawana North America.

Biography

Dzhovanni Kaboto akaberekerwa kuGenoa, asi gare gare, baba vaJohane vakasarudza kutamira Venice, apo vakagara kwenguva refu. Pano, ramangwana aiongorora akararama kwemakore mazhinji, akakwanisa kutanga mhuri: wake nevana vatatu. Gare gare, mumwe wavanakomana vake kuti ave muteveri baba vake uye achatora mugove rwendo rwake.

Kurarama Venice, Cabot aishanda ari wechikepe uye mutengesi. Rakabatwa kuMabvazuva, akava nomukana wokutaura naye Arab vatengesi vanenge vakaedza kuwana kubva uyo unokupai pavo nezvinonhuwira.

basa rekuita

Zvaiva munzendo dzake East Dzhon Kabot anotanga kufunga kusvika nyika asingazivikanwi mhiri kuchamhembe kwakadziva nokuda ariko America akanga asati kuzivikanwa. Akaedza afuridzire pfungwa Spanish uye Portuguese madzimambo, asi ichi kugona kuva naye. Saka, mukutanga 1490s aiongorora akatumira England, apo achanzi Johani ari Chirungu manyorerwo, kwete Giovanni.

Nguva pfupi pashure Columbus wakagona kuzarura nyika itsva, kureva, South America, Bristol vatengesi vakasarudza kuronga pakundopambara, iyo akagadzwa mukuru Cabot.

Wokutanga rwendo

Muna 1496, panguva iyoyo kare chinozivikanwa aidzidzisa akakwanisa mvumo kubva Mambo England nechikepe pasi British mureza. Muna 1497, akabva pachiteshi Bristol nechinangwa kusvika mvura China. rwendo urwu rakabudirira chaizvo uye nokukurumidza kwakaguma zvabuda. Mukupera June, ngarava yacho yakasvika chitsuwa, kunyange zvazvo akanga asina pachena kuti Dzhon Kabot wawanikwa. Pane shanduro mbiri, mumwe nomumwe, akanga ari Labrador Peninsula, pane dzimwe - Newfoundland.

Kubvira panguva Normans ichi chakawanikwa yokutanga inokosha kushanya kuNorth America, iyo Implementation pakati vokuEurope. Chinoshamisawo chokwadi kuti akatenda Cabot, kunyange akapotsa akakwanisa kusvika Asia, asi zviri mugwara uye vakaenda kure kuchamhembe.

Tadzika pamusoro terra incognita, Cabot akadana idzva nenyika nhaka korona Chirungu uye vakaenda. Hwakanangepi rwezasi-kumabvazuva aine chinangwa vachiri kusvika China, aidzidzisa akacherechedza mune gungwa guru shoals ose kodhi uye herring. Izvi kwaiva nzvimbo kuti yava kuzivikanwa sezvo Banks Grand. Senguva dzose munharaunda iyi yakakura kwazvo hove, pashure kuwanikwa kwayo muBritish vatengesi akarasikirwa kudiwa kuenda mberi nayo Iceland.

The rwendo rwechipiri

Muna 1498 mumwe kuedza yechipiri kukunda nyika itsva, iyo yakaitwa, uye akagadza zvakare Dzhon Kabot akatungamirira rwendo. The Kuzarurwa North America panguva iyoyo vachiri inoitwa. Pasinei shomanana hwakawanda huripo data, zvinozivikanwa kuti rwendo vakatadza kusvika yakaoma, pamwe iyo zvikepe vakaburukira Florida.

Hazvizivikanwi sei vapedza upenyu John Cabot, anofungidzirwa, akafa munzira, pashure iyo rwendo utungamiri ndokupfuura mwanakomana wake - Sebastian Cabot. Vezvikepe nguva nenguva yakawira pamhenderekedzo, apo vakasangana vanhu vakapfeka matehwe mhuka, iyo vasina nendarama kana nemaparera. Nokuda kwezvokudya wenhumbi, kwakasarudzwa kudzokera England, apo dare uye akasvika chete muna 1498.

Vagari England, zvisinei, sezvo Sponsors yacho rwendo, takasarudza kuti rwendo wakavhiringika, nekuti akanga apedza mari yakawanda, uye somugumisiro vafambisi kugona kuuya chinhu chinokosha. The British aitarisira kuwana zvakananga gungwa kuenda "Cathay" kana "India", uye akagamuchira chete nyika itsva uye anenge pasingagarwi. Nokuda kwaizvozvi pamusoro mashomanana emakore, vagari Albion haana ita zvimwe kuedza kuwana pfupi nzira East Asia.

Sebastian Cabot

Dzhon Kabot, baba Sebastian vake, pachena, vanotungamirirwa mwanakomana wake kwazvo, kana iwe funga kuti kunyange pashure porufu rwake, akaramba basa baba vake uye akava aidzidzisa. Tadzokera pakundopambara, kwaakabereka yakatsiva baba vake pashure porufu rwake, Sebastian kwave kubudirira basa ravo.

Akakokwa Spain, kwaakabereka helmsman, uye muna 1526-1530 iye dzinotungamirirwa chikuru rwendo kuti akaenda nemahombekombe South America. Akakwanisa kusvika kurwizi Rio de the Plata, uye ipapo kushambira, huru nomukombiyuta Parana uye Paraguay.

Pashure rwendo urwu pasi Spanish mureza Sebastian akadzokera kuEngland, kwaakanga akagadzwa mukuru superintendent of Navy weDhipatimendi, uye akazova mumwe havaoni kuBritain rengarava. Zvarakafuridzirwa maonero dzaidzidziswa baba vake Dzhon Kabot, Sebastian aida kuwana gungwa kuenda Asia.

Ava vaviri inozivikanwa aiongorora zvaitwa mugove kukura munyika itsva. Pasinei chokwadi kuti akanga asiri chete zvakaoma 15-16 emakore fung kuti refu uye kure kwakadaro kufamba munhu, asi ngozi, baba vakashinga uye mwanakomana vakanga vakazvipira pfungwa dzavo. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa Dzhon Kabot, kuvhurika vakakoniwa vangasimudzira kuchinja upenyu vokuEurope, uye haana kuwanikwa chii aifanira kuita.