Kushandiswa negasi. Negasi: sezvamunoita, ehupfumi

Tinozivei pamusoro Mahydrocarbon? Zvakanaka, ndizvo kuti chinhu nepurogiramu chikoro kemisitiri, asi pano neapo glimpsed mu vezvenhau shoko "Meta" ... Chatinonyatsoziva pamusoro negasi, kuwedzera ayo putika ehupfumi? Chii chinonyanya kushandiswa negasi, kuwedzera kuzivikanwa nesu kubika uye kudziyisa mukuvaka dzinogarwa? Chii chiri kuitika munyika simba uye simba kuchengeteka?

Key ehupfumi

Chokutanga, kuti inozivikanwa mutsara pamusoro munhuwi gasi mukamuri kana mumugwagwa haisi chaizvo yakarurama. In negasi, iyo kusvitsa kwatiri dzokubikisa kana Apartments kuti kudziyisa mvura, hapana kuravira, hapana kunhuwidza. Chii tinonzwa, Hachizi chimwe chinhu unokosha chirungiso zvakakodzera kuona gasi vhinza. Izvi zvinonzi odorant, zvinonzi akawedzera panguva zvikuru vakagadzirira zvirimwa zvinotevera kukura: 16 MG pa zviuru cubic metres negasi.

The chikuru chezvinonhuwira negasi Chokwadi, ndiyo methane. kugutsikana yaro gasi musanganiswa anenge 89-95%, vamwe zvinoriumba - ndiko butane, propane, rehydrogen sulfide uye kunonzi tsvina - guruva uye incombustible zvinoriumba, okisijeni uye senitrogen. The chikamu methane tigutsikane kunoenderana mhando dhipoziti.

The simba pamusoro negasi akabudiswa munguva combustion mumwe cubic mita peturu anonzi kupisa combustion. ukoshi Ichi chimwe chezvinhu zvose zvinobatanidzwa mazano gasi zvivako, uye munyika dzakasiyana vanobviswa sepokutangira zvakasiyana tsika. MuRussia, dzemaitirwe unoitwa pamambure calorific kukosha, munyika dzokuMadokero nyika, dzakadai France neBritain - pamusoro pemasimba.

Achitaura putika negasi, zvinokosha kutaura pfungwa dzakadai papi putika uye ngozi kuwanda. Gas rinoputika pane wevasungwa mumba uye kubvira 5 kusvika 15% kubudikidza vhoriyamu. Kana wevasungwa dererei, gasi haachemeri, kana wevasungwa iri kupfuura 15%, gasi-mhepo muvhenganiswa kunopisa panguva okuwedzera mhepo rive. Inokuvadza pfungwa anonzi 1/5 repasi putika muganhu, i.e. 1%.

Zvigadziko mhando uye kushandisa negasi

Butane uye propane kunge vakashandisa sezvo huni motokari (liquefied gasi). Uyewo, propane inoshandiswa ichizadza magwenya. Ethane sezvinoita huni haawanzopiwi kushandiswa senzvimbo mbishi mashoko kugadzirwa polyethylene. Acetylene zvikuru zvinobata moto uye rinoshandiswa Welding uye vakatema simbi. Kushandiswa negasi, kuti munoreva - methane, isu kare nekambani, rinoshandiswa sezvo combustible huni Slabs, mbiru uye boilers.

Variations anobudiswa negasi

Maererano mhando zvikaramba gasi deposits akakamurwa negasi kana ichifamba. Musiyano mukuru pakati pavo iri chikamu Mahydrocarbon. In gasi Minda methane zviri vanenge 80-90%, muna akasununguka kana, sezvo vari anowanzonzi vachiri, "mafuta", ayo kugutsikana haasi kupfuura 50%. The yasara 50% - a propane-butane gasi uye akaparadzaniswa wakaipa gasi. Rimwe zvikuru zvazvakashatira akabatanidza gasi kubva kumunda kunodiwa uye kubviswa netsvina siyana. Kuwana negasi rinenge kunewo chokuita kugadzirwa nehelium. deposits akadaro zvisingawanzoitiki, nehelium gasi anonzi Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kuti kutonhora zvenyukireya reactors. Sarufa wobudiswa hydrogen sulfide ikabereka sechinhu gasi rinoshandiswawo nokuda maindasitiri zvinangwa.

The huru kushandisa pagadzirwe negasi chinhu kuchera rig. Izvi shongwe mana makumbo marefu anenge 20-30 mamita dzakakwirira. Nokuti yakaturikwa kubva chibooreso mutopota apera. mutopota iri yawedzera ne kuwedzera kudzika tsime, apo drilling ari wellbore -bereka chaiyo mvura yaro fracturable erudzi kwete scored. The infeed nemvura achibatsirwa dzinokosha pombi. Chokwadi, mari negasi inosanganisira mari kwomudzimu uye kuvakwa matsime gasi. Kubva 40 kusvika 60% of mutengo ndiwo mutengo chete kuti.

How kuuya kwatiri gasi?

Saka, pashure kusiya nzvimbo inoshandiswa, ari Yakanatswa negasi ari kusvitsa kune wekutanga compression yemapurisa, kana sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi, musoro. Riri kunyanya munharaunda yacho dhipoziti. Pane zvivako uchishandisa gasi rurefu kumanikidzwa anopinda hunde mapaipi. Kuti tirambe akafanorongerwa nevamwe huru mapaipi akagadzawo booster compressor chechitima. Sezvo izvi liner mutopota nevezera Categories mukati maguta hakubvumidzwi asati bazi rimwe nerimwe yakaiswa guta guru. Chine, akavapindurawo, anomutsa uye lowers BP. Part kwayo inodyiwa guru gasi vatengi - maindasitiri zvinomera, painocheneserwa, bhaira. Chimwe chikamu anoenda vanonzi hydraulic fracturing - gasi kuparadzirwa zvechitima. Ikoko, nhamo iri ashaye zvakare. Where negasi kushandiswa kwandiri iwe kupfuura nomuzikamwi uye zvinonzwisisika? Izvi hotplate cookers.

refu sei achiita nesu?

Active kushandiswa negasi rinobva pakati remakore rechi19, apo gasi burner yacho yakagadzirwa. Uyezve, kushandisa nayo chepakutanga haisi chaizvo avanoziva kwatiri. Pakutanga raishandiswa okuvimba mumugwagwa. MuSoviet Union kusvikira pakuguma 30-ies wekupedzisira remakore, yakazvimirira gasi indasitiri hariko. minda gasi pazvakawanikwa netsaona, chete ubanguranyika matsime mafuta. Active Kushandiswa negasi ratanga pamwe Great Patriotic War. Kushaikwa huni, nokuda kurasikirwa yeminda marasha uye mafuta, akapa kurudziro simba kuti kukura gasi indasitiri. Pashure pehondo, ari negasi indasitiri ari kushingaira dzakabudirira uye zvishoma nezvishoma akava mumwe kupfuura simba-nyatsoshanda.

hapana zvokuzviita

Zvichida akanakisisa umbowo zvakanakira negasi sendarama yakakunakira simba panobva muri zviratidzi kuMoscow. Gas chokuita vakabvumira zuva nezuva kuponesa miriyoni imwe cubic metres huni, mamiriyoni 0,65 matani marasha, matani 150,000 kubva eparafini uye sokuti mafuta mumarambi. Uye izvi zvose atsiviwa mamiriyoni 1. Cubic metres. M gasi. Izvi zvakateverwa zvishoma nezvishoma gasification munyika uye kutsvaka deposits zvitsva. Gare gare, guru gasi reserves akawanikwa kuSiberia, izvo anoshanda nhasi.

maindasitiri chikumbiro

Kushandiswa negasi hakungogumiri kugadzirira zvokudya - kunyange zvisina kunanga, rinoshandiswa kupa kupisa kudzimba. Most boilers makuru matunhu neminisiparati European Russia inoshandiswa negasi sezvo chikuru mafuta.

Uyewo, negasi iri kuramba kushandiswa kwemakemikari indasitiri sezvo mbishi zvinhu hwokubereka siyana Organic zvinhu. An ichiwedzera motokari pavarefu vari kugadzira motokari iri nzira rinochiwedzera, kusanganisira rehydrogen negasi.

Gas wokushora chete

Mukuona ikoroji, negasi anogona kunzi mumwe zvikuru siyana makemikari mafuta. Zvisinei, gasi kubatana mune zvakawanda muupenyu hwevanhu uye haizopereri nokupisa kwakatungamirira akadzokorora yakawedzera kugutsikana kuti carbon dioxide inobvisa mumhepo. Zvikasadaro, izvi anonzi "girinihausi kwepasi." Ichi chinhu chaizvo kunambwa okunze yedu. Zvisinei, michina mitsva uye padanho kugadzirwa mumakore achangodarika kuti kuderedza kunonyanyisa pamwero choutsi. Yeuka gasi - mumwe zvikuru rinochiwedzera.