Declination pamusoro emazita: tafura. Table declination emazita kuti nyaya

Oh, kuderera ichi ... In kudzidza pazita inoita dingindira iri sei achiparadza musoro wake kuyeuka zvose unstressed harinzwi siyana nyaya uye nhamba. How kuziva declination kuti emazita? Tafura uye mienzaniso vachava aivabatsira basa! Edza kunzwisisa uye kuva kunyange zvishoma akangwara!

Chii declination?

Declension pazita (ona tafura mienzaniso dzakapiwa mundima) - kuchinja muupenyu huno mashoko uye nhamba. Funga mienzaniso iri tafura.

mhosva	-1 sklonenie-	-2 sklonenie-	-3 sklonenie-
Kwavari. n.	razibheri, akasimuka	katsi, hodhiropu	Lilac, mol
B. n.	razibheri, akasimuka	katsi mukomberedzwa	Lilac chitemamachira
Misi. n.	razibheri, akasimuka	katsi, kabati	Lilac chitemamachira
Waini. n.	razibheri, akasimuka	katsi, hodhiropu	Lilac, mol
Create. n.	razibheri, akasimuka	katsi, hodhiropu	Lilac chitemamachira
Prop. n.	pamusoro mahabhurosi, ruva	katsi, pamusoro rack	pamusoro lilacs, pamusoro moths

Zviri declensions kuti emazita kuti nyaya inoratidza kuti emazita zvose anoparadzirwa muzvikwata zvichienderana izvo kuguma kwavo kuwana muchimiro nyaya. Saka, mashoko ose enzvimbo iyoyo sloneniyu vachava chete akagadzirwa harinzwi. Kukwanisa kuona declination, unogona kudzivisa zvikanganiso hwokunyora harinzwi pamusoro emazita mune simba chinzvimbo, mune mamwe mashoko - kwete pasi mupfungwa.

declensions Vangani kungava pazita?

Zviri declensions pakati emazita pamusoro pacho apa yapfuura chikamu yaratidza kuti mashoko ose chete declination ari muchimiro chakafanana hunofa vachava chete magumo. Rine vatatu emhando dzakawanda zvinowanzovapo declination kuti mutauro wedu. Asi anozivikanwa kupfuma zvikuru, uye mitemo nyore, hazvina haako. Kuwedzera matatu akurukurwa, pane mamwe marudzi declinations.

Saka, chii mhando declensions varipo? The Zvinonyanyozivikanwa - ndiye wokutanga, wechipiri newechitatu declension.

A yoga boka rine mashoko kuchipera -ie: nechinangwa mhosva, chibvumirano, etc ...

The anotevera boka - Mashoko vachipedzisira -iya: zvokudarikidza, Natalia, muchiuno, purogiramu, basa nevamwe.

Pane boka duku mashoko vachipedzisira -mya kuti zvakare kusendama imwe nzira :. Time, rudzi, etc. mashoko akadaro dzinonzi heteroclite emazita (ivo ichakurukurwa ari oga ndima nyaya). Heteroclite sechinhu mashoko akadai nzira uye mwana.

Pakupedzisira, pane mamwe mashoko asingatauriki kuchinjwa kana pamusoro nyaya, kana nhamba, uye zvose marudzi "tarira" saizvozvo. Hazvina indeclinable, kana chisingaperi, emazita: kangaruru, kiivi uye nevamwe.

Sei uchifanira kuva kukwanisa kuona declination?

How kuziva declination ari pazita, tafura isu vachakuudza gare gare. Asi kazhinji akanzwa mubvunzo zvokuita? Sei rangarirai affixes zvose izvi, harinzwi zhinji mashoko "chaiyo" kuti unofanira kuyeuka? Uye pano Ndokusaka. Tora somuenzaniso shoko "nzira": Ini famba munzira, kana ini kuburuka nzira? Zvokuita? Chii tsamba kusarudza? Asi shoko rimwezve: "yechando". Uyewo zvechikadzi nemagumo -a-. Tinoisa iyoyo nyaya: (kune chii?) - yechando. Uye nekuti tinoziva kuti zvose mashoko declination Wana kana iwe kushandura chete nemagumo. Saka, tinofanira kunyora seni kuenda (kune chii?) Path. Nyaya yave kugadziriswa!

Sei isu kuona declination ane pazita? Netafura mienzaniso inotevera ndima ichakubatsira kuita kukanganisa mubvunzo asi nyore uyu!

Nouns 1 declension

Aya ndiwo mashoko zvechikadzi uye rume, ari kupedza -a kana -n umo mune pakutanga chimiro (tikayeuka kuti kwokutanga chimiro pazita - iri nominative uye rimwechete).

Words dzakadaro zvechikadzi harinzwi mumutauro Russian zvizhinji: vangu mai, Mary, pijama, furati, basa, mwanasikana wangu uye nevamwe vakawanda. Masculine maduku, asiwo zvakajairika chaizvo: baba, sekuru, John, Petro mazita ari zvavamwe.

Table 1 declension pamusoro emazita rinofananidza mashoko magumo akasimbisa uye unstressed, kuratidza kuti mashoko ose ichi declension nyaya harinzwi zvakafanana.

Ip	chitubu, kupisa, nyika	katsi puranga, inodonha
RP	chitubu, kupisa, nyika	katsi, muviri madonhwe
AM	chitubu, kupisa, nyika	katsi, muviri inodonha
Ce	Kupisa chitubu, nyika	katsi, muviri inodonha
Etc.	chitubu, kupisa, pasi	katsi, muviri inodonha
Paras	pamusoro chitubu, pamusoro kupisa wenyika	katsi, mumwe puranga, kuderera

Zvinokurudzirwa kuti kudzidza harinzwi (inflections), genitive, dative uye prepositional, sezvo kazhinji kukonzera matambudziko.

Nouns declination 2

Izvi mashoko rume kuti vane ane razero nemagumo (izvo jhaana mutsamba iri nominative nyaya, asi "rinowanika" mune dzimwe mhando) uye neuter anopera -o, -e :. igwa, bhiza, nyanza, negungwa, gorofu, etc. Table mazita declension pamusoro emazita 2 inoratidza chii kuguma pfuma mashoko kana iwe kushandura nyaya.

Ip	bhegi, bhiza chiso	chingwa, poplar, gore
RP	bhegi, bhiza chiso	chingwa, poplar, gore
AM	bhegi, bhiza, munhu	chingwa, poplar, gore
Ce	bhegi, bhiza chiso	chingwa, poplar, gore
Etc.	bhegi, bhiza chiso	chingwa, poplar, gore
Paras	pahombodo, akatasva bhiza, kumeso	pamusoro chingwa, yemishambangwena, pamusoro pegore

Sezvaunogona kuona, muna accusative zvinhu zvipenyu nezvisiri zvipenyu zvinhu vane harinzwi zvakasiyana. A chinetso kungaita chete prepositional siyana pamwe unstressed nekuguma, saka unofanira kurangarira kuti, chimiro ichi, unofanira kunyora - kureva.

Nouns declination 3

Mashoko ava zvechikadzi kuti vane razero nemagumo. Ivo vose vanoguma ari nyoro chiratidzo: mbeva chishongo, nharaunda, chido, uye zvichingodaro. Ngationei kuguma mazwi aya wana zvakasiyana siyana.

Ip	rye	rudo
RP	rye	rudo
AM	rye	rudo
Ce	rye	rudo
Etc.	rye	rudo
Paras	kuti rye	nezverudo

nyore kwazvo Yeuka ari marudzi enyika genitive, dative uye prepositional mashoko kuwana nowakachenjera - uye.

Nouns pamusoro -ie, -iya

Shoko "kuzvipira" - neuter, asi hazvigoni kune 2nd declension anokukonzera; shoko "jasi" - zvechikadzi, asi haachinji sei shoko declination 1. Table declination emazita kuti nyaya inoratidza musiyano terminations.

mhosva	2 UYU.	-ie	1 UYU.	-iya
Ip	munda	nzvimbo	neshorechena	shanda
RP	minda	zvokudya	herons	mabasa
AM	munda	nzvimbo	neshorechena	mabasa
Ce	munda	nzvimbo	neshorechena	shanda
Etc.	munda	mamiriro ezvinhu	neshorechena	shanda
Paras	musango	pamusoro ezvinhu	mumwe emumvura	mitambo

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva patafura, shoko iri -ie zvakasiyana pamashoko 2 declension chete prepositional mhosva, uye mashoko kubva pamashoko ari -iya 1 declination - iri dative uye prepositional.

Yeuka kuti mashoko vachipedzisira -ya, nenzira dzose kuita se 1 shoko declination. Naizvozvo, Somuenzaniso, anoumba zita Natalia uye Natalia ichada munzira dzakasiyana: (kupa) Natalia, Natalia, (nehurukuro) pamusoro Natalia, pamusoro Natalia.

Table harinzwi declination emazita

Kuti muchidimbu tafura nyaya harinzwi yemashoko kuti muri declensions siyana.

mhosva	-1 skl-	-2 skl-	-3 skl-	-ie	-iya
Ip	s / fung paw bara	__ -o, -e imba dhishi	___ mumvuri	-ie ukuru	-iya chiuno
RP	S / s paw bara	s / fung musha zvokudya	S mumvuri	-iya ukuru	ies chiuno
AM	fung paw, dziva	Y / fung imba dhishi	S mumvuri	-iyu ukuru	- AI chiuno
Ce	Y / fung paw bara	__ -o / -e imba dhishi	___ mumvuri	-ie ukuru	-iyu chiuno
Etc.	fung / -s paw bara	fung / -em imba dhishi	Y / fung mumvuri	-iem ukuru	- iey chiuno
Paras	fung pamusoro nepatsoka rwedziva	fung pamusha, nendiro	S of mimvuri	ies noukuru	ies pachiuono

Tinotarisira hapana hazvizovi Kusarudzwa akaoma rworudyi magumo uye tsanangudzo declension pakati emazita mumutauro Russian. Tafura akatsanangura zvakawanda zvose.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti -ie -iya uye haagoni kubuda sezvo vaakasarudza morpheme nemagumo. Muchiitiko chino, chiri tsamba, kuti shoko inoguma. Morphemic mamiriro mashoko - nyaya imwe nyaya.

Declination pamusoro emazita muzvizhinji (tafura pano, zvavo, pasina chikonzero) kwazvo kazhinji kunokonzera dambudziko nokuti tsamba vari kunyanya zvakajeka anzwike. Munguva dative, richishanda uye prepositional muuwandu zvose zvitatu declinations yokuguma achava mumwe chete. Tinopa iwe kuramba chero shoko muzvizhinji, uye ona ichi.

heteroclite emazita

Heteroclite emazita pakati mutauro wokuRussia wedzeredzei. Nei heteroclite? Nekuti hazvigoni kunzi munhu declination akasiyana zvivakamutauro muzviitiko 'zvibatei' zvakasiyana. Aya ndiwo mashoko kuguma -mya (kune chete anenge gumi), shoko "nzira" uye "mwana." Ngatimboonai zvinhu declension suschetvitelnyh muchiRussia mutauro (tafura) - mashoko inokurukurwa heteroclite.

Ip	stirrup	nzira	mwana
RP	vanowanzotevedzera-uye-Ene	isa-uye	this-Yat-uye
AM	vanowanzotevedzera-uye-Ene	isa-uye	this-Yat-uye
Ce	stirrup	nzira	mwana
Etc.	munhu vakatsvaka-en-nayo	akaisa-nayo	this-Yat-nayo
Paras	uri kutsvaka-en-uye	kuti isa-uye	pamusoro this-Yat-uye

Sezvatinoona, shoko "mwana" anozendama nzira inokosha chaizvo. Shoko "nzira" mune genitive, dative uye prepositional "haazvibati" seshoko 3 declination, uye richishanda - sezvo shoko Dec. 2. Eya, mashoko vachipedzisira -mya mu oblique nyaya kuva -en suffix -.

Mashoko aya vanofanira kuyeuka kuti haana kuita chikanganiso pakusarudza zvakarurama mugumo.

indeclinable mashoko

Izvi ainyanya chikwereti mashoko - zvinobva mimwe mitauro. Vanogona dzinoratidza mazita mhuka, zvinomera, zvokudya, uyewo mazita kana mazita evanhu, mazita zvinhu. Paakasvika mutauro wedu, mashoko aya akaramba chikabviswa haachinji chimiro chayo, achipinda chikumbiro. In chero nyaya kana chero nhamba inodiwa akaisa shoko akadaro, izvozvo icharira zvakafanana.

• Dururirai ini vamwe kofi - Ndinoyemura renyu mangwanani kofi - kutaura kofi.
• Ichi cockatoo wangu - handina kuva cockatoo - kupa chikafu cockatoos - unoyeuka pamusoro cockatoo.
• Roman Dyuma - Dumas wakayeriswa - anonyora pamusoro Dumas.

Vail mashoko mumutsetse kwakaipa uye havagoni kunyora nekuverenga. Munhu wose ajaira okuti, chinosekesa, "ndigere musara wokutanga pamusoro kinetics pamwe popiroskoy ari zino." Ngatiregei kufanana gamba iri majee! Anobva Mashoko zvinoda kushandiswa zvakanaka, uye indeclinable uye haadi kuchinja.

To muchidimbu

Definition of declension pamusoro emazita (ona tafura pamusoro) - haasi yakaoma chichiitwa, izvo zvinotibatsira kudzivisa zvikanganiso paainyora. Ngatiedzei muchidimbu zvose pamusoro.

rovira Major muna matatu Russian, asi pane mashoko anokosha vachipedzisira -iya uye - s, uye vashoma heteroclite. Mashoko anoparadzirwa muzvikwata mikuru mitatu zvichienderana nemhando uye magumo mune nominative nyaya.

Mashoko ose nokuderera iri oblique zviitiko vane mugumo zvakafanana. Vanogona kudzidza kuita zvikanganiso. Uye unogona kuita nenzira yakasiyana: pachinzvimbo mashoko unstressed mugumo kutsiva chero shoko chete declination, asi kuti kunetseka weveta nokuguma. Tsamba pakupedzisira mashoko aya achava mumwe chete!

Mashoko -ie ari -iya uye haana kuiswawo pakati pemapoka makuru matatu, nokuti kuchinja nyaya uye nhamba chaiyo nzira, uye avo nyaya harinzwi kuyeuka.

Unofanira kuyeuka, uye boka duku heteroclite. seti yavo harinzwi regai nezvatakarerekera nomumwe rovira izvi, saka zvinoda vainyatsotarisirwa.

Pakupedzisira indeclinable mashoko: havasi kuchinja, pasinei kutaurwa kana akashandiswa. Decline ari mutongo mashoko akafanana firimu, jasi, kofi, chikwama, kangaruru - chiratidzo yakaderera kuverenga uye zvayo tsika.

Tinovimba kuti nyaya raibatsira uye akabatsira kunzwisisa nyaya yakadaro zvakaoma sezvo declination ari pazita. Tafura uye mienzaniso yakajeka, uye saka kusarudza kuguma ikozvino havana kuoma.

Iva kuverenga!