Datya Rana: ine mhenyu uye maberekero

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakawanda mhando fauna of ndiyo gura datya (Rana arvalis) - chaiwo mumiririri vekirasi amphibians. Zvakajairika munyika dzakawanda reservoirs uye uremu vagere chengetedza.

chitarisiko

Izvi mhando datya zvakasiyana guru saizi, richisvika vaifanira kureba 7 cm. The pakuva unopinza-vampire.face tomu. Pane zvimwe zvinhu nemamiriro muviri. Saka, kana kuwedzera maoko nemakumbo perpendicularly kuti akabatana womuviri, iyo neketani majoini regai kusvika kune rimwe. Yakati kwakakura guru matatya aya womukati calcaneal tuber. Iye yakareba kupfuura hafu kureba yose nomunwe.

Nokuda chairwo coloring, gura datya iri rinenge asingaoneki muna uswa. The musana iri shava ruvara vanogona tsvuku, pink, yemiorivhi mumvuri zvakasiyana. Kazhinji iri shapeless rima makwapa pakati hukuru siyana. Pataifamba musana dzimwe nguva inopfuura chiedza zviuno. Kubva ziso kusvika papfudzi atambanudza ine rima panzvimbo, anoita mashandiro kamafurashi apo kuvhima. Vanhurume vangazivikanwa nokuda kwevakaroorana mafungu calluses, riri pamusoro zvigunwe nechemberi tsoka, uyewo rinokwanisa kucheneruka ruvara muviri, izvo zvinoita anowana iri kuberekesana mwaka. Life anotarisirwa Avharenji makore 12.

waridza

Chinenge kwose kwose munyika dzokuEurope inogarwa gura datya, pikicha wakatorwa munyaya ino. Kuchamhembe nzvimbo nokuparadzirwa racho chete dzekuma Scandinavia, kumaodzanyemba - Yugoslavia uye Romania. MuRussia, kuwanda kwemarudzi kunosvika kubva kuGungwa White kunzvimbo dzakaderera kunosvika kuna Don muna Rostov nharaunda, kusanganisira Western Siberia uye Urals.

nzvimbo

Foresitiri uye masango-inowanzorimwa mapazi - nzvimbo huru apo zvikuru massively anogara marudzi ichi matatya. Mumakomo, ivo neapo kunogona kuwanikwa Altai nharaunda, panguva imwe kukwira pasina kupfuura 2140 metres pamusoro pegungwa munyika Carpathian makomo, kuti kukwira pamusoro 987 m. Vanogara anenge kose, achisarudza zvose nyoro uye akaoma munzvimbo. In Deciduous uye masango vakavhengana vanosarudza kutora kumucheto, glades. Vanoda kugara mune mafashamo pamapani, anezvimiti kuhova vashoma, paMaare mupfumi rekushongedzesa. Hazvishamisi kusangana amphibians ava zvokurima arable nyika, mapindu uye kunyange mumaguta mumapaka uye minda.

Mararamiro

Kufanana nevamwe amphibians zvose, datya Rana angava akasiyana basa, izvo kunobva ambient tembiricha. At kutanga kuchitonhora, vanova zvishoma Mobile. Mano amphibians izvi fema kwete chete kuburikidza mumapapu, asi chose pose ganda kunoda nyoro ezvinhu. Dry mhepo anokwanisa kuvaparadza. Saka, vakawanda nguva datya inopedza mumvura, dzimwe nguva kubva dura ari chinhambwe hapana anopfuura 20 mamita. Vanogona zvikasazikamwa pasi kumidzi pemiti, mashizha akawa, nemvumi uswa. The anowanzodanwa kuitika apo mwando kwazvo 85%.

In autumn, muna September kana October, datya achienda kuhwanda. Anopedza naro panyika, akavanda yekare rodent burrows that, akaora stumps kana mudzimba.

chikafu

Mukuru zvokudya matatya ndivo nezvipembenene. Kakawanda iri zvipembenene, umhutu, nehonye. Ko averse kudya datya gura molluscs, madandaude, earthworms nezvimwe invertebrates. Mhando simba kunonyanya ndezvokungotevedzera nzvimbo uye mwaka. Hunt matatya ane refu namuka rurimi, iyo inenge pakarepo kunzwisisa zvakatapwa.

Ivo pachavo kazhinji vanozviwana vari basa rechipfuwo. Nyoka, shuramurove, gulls, rarira, ferrets, chamatebwe, makava nezvimwe vamiririri mhuka nyika zhinji iri kuramba zvakatapwa pamusoro matatya. Tritons Sechipanji mazai avo, mazana ose dragonflies uye zvipembenene - tadpoles. Kuonekwa vachidya zvavo hove gura datya.

kubereka

Yakawanda hwavo panyika, rora matatya aya zvechokwadi mumvura. Izvi zvinoitika mukutanga yechirimo, apo tembiricha mvura inokwira kuna 5⁰S, asi zvakadaro hauna chose sezvainonyauswa chando. Nguva yose kubereka nguva iri diki. By May, pashure vaifanira mazuva 25, zvinonzi, sezvinoita mutemo, atova kupera.

Kuti kuita kuti pave datya Rana anosarudza reservoirs kunyanya ane pfupi hunhu - peat basa, puddles, inoerera. Nechepasi manyoro shallows kudzama 40 cm hadzi mazai, izvo zvinogona kubva mazai 300 kusvika mamiriyoni 3. The dhayamita of mazai anenge 7 mm. Pashure paizvozvo, hadzi mumuviri mvura, akavanda pasi mashizha kana Moss. Munhurume anoramba kuti arinde masonry, vachidanidzira ruchapa kusvika vanhu.

Development mazai kunotora mazuva 5 kusvika 21 zvichienderana mamiriro ekunze. Kureba vakarangana mazana haana kupfuudza 8 mm. budiriro yavo mberi mazuva 37-90. Tadpoles vane rima ruvara, muswe magumo akanongedza kaviri muviri pakureba. Mumwedzi upenyu rechipiri zvakaumbwa forelimbs, pulmonary afemeruke, uye pane resorption yacho muswe. Muna June kana July pane rimwe.

kwazvo wokufa vana gura datya. Chinenge hafu mazai uye tadpoles zvabayiwa nezvichaitika kuomesa mvura miviri. On sphagnum bogs vakawanda vavo vakaurayiwa acidification kwemvura. Somugumisiro, danho fingerlings asati vachapona pa zvakanakisisa, 3 chete% of mazai kunonoka.

Kuramba muutapwa

Zvaanorumbidza Herbal uye gura datya kunosimbiswa ndechokuti musiyano mavari nhapwa dzinenge hapana. It inoda terrarium diki (30-40 litres), izvo Vakasimwa zvinomera uye kuronga mudhamu. Zvinofanira kunge yakakura zvakakwana kukura, asi kudzika. Top mudziyo wakafukidzwa pajira riya kudzivirira kupukunyutsa vagari. At hapana kuwedzere achawanda kana chiedza nokuda terrarium gura datya hakudi.