Invertebrates

mhuka Invertebrate - vakawanda vamiririri fauna of kuti havana nomuzongoza. chikamu ichi zvinosanganisira majemusi (kuroora-celled), yakaderera makonye, sechipanji, arthropods, mollusks, echinoderms, uye vamwe. In yose, boka iri gumi marudzi.

The weboka mhuka umambo pamusoro vertebrates uye invertebrates Lamarck vakaziva muna 1801. Pakati vertebrates zvinozivikanwa pamusoro mana nezvishanu namazana marudzi. Chinozikamwa invertebrates aripo mari mamiriyoni 1 260 zviuru marudzi. Panyaya iyi, nyore - vanenge zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu, sechipanji - anenge mashanu, nehonye yakaderera - vanenge makumi maviri, mollusks - inopfuura zana, arthropods - pamusoro zvipenyu-manomwe mapfumbamwe nezviviri.

Vakawanda mhando tupukanana dzinoturwa. Vaiva pamusoro miriyoni. Muchiitiko chino, hwemvura tumbuyu muri zvirevo zvizhinji. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vamwe vavo varipo mumvura chete panguva larval nguva. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vari mariri muupenyu. Coelenterates mhuka ane zvuru mapfumbamwe marudzi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti aivapo mhando ari mamiriro zvakawanda kupfuura zvinozivikanwa. Uyezve, zviuru zvakawanda tsunga rimwe gore vatsva.

Invertebrates vanogara ivhu, nyanza, nemakungwa, nzizi, madziva, madziva. Vamiririri zvakawanda tupukanana. Muchiitiko chino, ndivo parasitic pamusoro pemhuka, uye miti.

Basa invertebrates zvakasikwa iwayo guru. Solid residues yevamiriri, vaigara mukutanga Geological nguva, kuva nezvinhu nematombo, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko - of hombe. Somuenzaniso, marangwanda mhuka invertebrate, yakatotsakatika, anenge chose vanoumba reraimu.

Siyana kukosha boka iri uye nokuda munhu. Somuenzaniso, invertebrates zhinji, uyewo avo tsvina kushandiswa kugadzira zvokudya vanhu (uchi, somuenzaniso). Vamiririri zhinji aidya zvokutenga hove, mhuka, shiri. Maparera, anoshongwa pakati mollusks, wakisi , uye vamwe vamiririri boka remhuka invertebrate inozivikanwa ne tsvina upfumi uye michina ukoshi zhinji. Ivo inowanzoshandiswa chipembenene achidzora. Invertebrates muri zvikara uye tupukanana, kuti vaparadzwe. Nzira iyi chokuita zvoutachiona nzira chipembenene kuzvidzora. Vanodzidza kuona makore sedimentary mabwe akaongorora zvasara Zvisaririra invertebrates.

Zvisinei, zvakasikwa, pane yakawanda inokuvadza yeboka iri. invertebrates vakawanda vatakuri parasitic uye zvinotapukira pathologies, tupukanana zviyo zvayo zvigadzirwa. Vanogona kuva chepfu uye kukuvadza zvirimwa, musango etc.

A kanoda boka kutora coelenterates. Mukutsanangura dzinozivikanwa anoratidza kuvapo TOUR symmetry, uye vaviri utachiona akaturikidzana (ectoderm uye endoderm). Kazhinji ichi inokurukurwawo kuti muviri mhuka achiumbwa kubva maviri epithelial akaturikidzana: integument (Epiderme e) uye lining kuti intestinal lumen (gastrodermisa). Pakati akaturikidzana yaiva connective gelatinous rukoko (mesoglea). In ayo mamiriro rine collagen fibers uye masero amoeboid duku shoma.

Isu vamiririri coelenterates havana kushandiswa kufema nhengo uye excretion. Zvinonzi Kazhinji chokuita maviri rukoko nemamiriro chivakwa, iyo inopa kuonana masero akawanda epithelia pamwe kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza.

For coelenterates dzinoratidzwa underdeveloped tsinga. Most zvepabonde inoparadzirwa uye dzinoratidzwa kukambaira kana planktonic mazana.