Chii chinonzi meteor? Meteora: photos. Asteroids, comets, kupfuta, meteorites

Asteroids, comets, kupfuta, meteorites - muchadenga zvinhu kuti kuonekwa kuti zvakafanana nokuti uninitiated ari nheyo sayenzi mitumbi yokudenga. Kutaura zvazviri vakasiyana munzira dzakawanda. Properties kuti unhu asteroids, comets, kupfuta, meteorites, rangarirai chete zvakakwana. Vanewo zvimwe zvakafanana: zvinhu akafanana semunhu miviri diki, kazhinji semhosva muchadenga ungwandangwanda. Ndiyo meteor, sei zvakasiyana ive asteroid kana kometi, ndezvipi zvivako zvavo uye mavambo, uye ichakurukurwa pazasi.

akadanidzira vadzungairi

Comets - nzvimbo zvinhu, zvinosanganisira kuti akachengetwa magasi uye ibwe. Zvinobva kumatunhu zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri kure. Nyanzvi Modern vakafunga kuti vanonyanya kupa comets - iri interconnected Kuiper bhandi uye vakapararira Disc, uye zviripo zvokufungidzira Oort gore.

Comets vane zvikuru elongated kutenderera. At tinosvika kuna Sun, vanoumba pakoma uye muswe. zvinhu izvi ine kugadzikana gaseous zvinhu (mvura mhute, amoniya, methane), huruva uye namabwe. Musoro kometi kana chaanoziva, - a goko kuti miniti nezvimedu, sezvamakaropafadzwa kupenya uye maonero. It ane idenderedzwa chimiro uye runosvika kunonyanyisa ukuru rava kusvika zuva pamusoro chinhambwe 1.5-2 isinganzwisisiki chikwata.

Pamberi chaanoziva pamusoro kometi musimboti iri. Kazhinji ane duku saizi uye elongated chimiro. At rebei kure chinoumba zuva - ndiko zvose zvakasara kometi. Inoitwa kubva muchando magasi uye matombo.

marudzi comets

The kupatsanura izvi mitumbi yokudenga akaisa maitikiro kwavo kurapwa kupote nyika. Comets ngadzibhururuke yakapoteredza Sun mumakore asingasviki 200 okuberekwa, anonzi pfupi-nguva. Kakawanda, ivo anowira yomukati kumatunhu yedu yemapuraneti ezvinhu kubva Kuiper bhandi kana akapararira Disc. Long-nguva comets vari kutendeukira kuna nguva makore anopfuura 200. "Nyika" Yavo - the Oort gore.

"Small Planet"

Asteroids ine hardwood. Kukura vari mapuraneti akaderera chaizvo, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nhengo idzi nzvimbo zvinhu vane satellites. Vazhinji mapuraneti zviduku, sezvo vakanga vakadaidzwa kwokutanga, kusimbiswa huru asteroid bhandi, iri pakati kutenderera Mars uye Jupiter.

Uwandu miviri yakadaro yokudenga, anozivikanwa nokuda 2015 vakapfuura 670,000. Pasinei chaizvo yakadaro nhamba isina, mupiro waJehovha asteroids vari vazhinji zvose zvinhu zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri riri kunyora nezvavo - chete 3-3.6 x 10 ²¹ makirogiramu. Zviri 4 chete% of zvakafanana parameter Romwedzi.

Kuti zvinosanganisira asteroids, kwete zvose muviri duku. Chokuratidza kuti kusarudzwa ndiye dhayamita. Kana kwazvo 30 m, chinhu anoonekwa kuva asteroid. Muviri pamwe miganhu zviduku vanonzi meteoroids.

kupatsanura pakati asteroids

Hwaro muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano kwemiviri izvi yokudenga iri parameters shoma. Asteroids aibatanidza zviri kutenderera dzavo uye chakarondedzera zvinooneka chiedza kuti rwaioneka kubva hukawanika dzavo.

Maererano wechipiri chokuratidza vari makirasi zvikuru zvitatu:

• kabhoni (C);
• silicate (S);
• simbi (M).

chikamu chokutanga chinosanganisira anenge 75% yose nhasi anozivikanwa asteroids. With kuvandudzika michina uye Bole kudzidza zvinhu zvakadaro kupatsanura anowedzera hwakadzama.

meteoroids

Meteoroid - rumwe rudzi yepasi pose miviri. Izvi hazvina asteroids, comets, kupfuta kana meteorites. The peculiarity izvi zvinhu - diki kukura. Meteoroids pamusoro miganhu inoiswa pakati asteroids uye nzvimbo guruva. Saka, Vanotakura muviri ane dhayamita kuti asingasviki 30 m. Mamwe masayendisiti akatara meteoroid sezvo yakaoma muviri ine dhayamita 100 M kusvika 10 m. Maererano dzakavapo, havana chikuru kana chesekondari, inopfurwa pashure pokuparadzwa makuru zvinhu.

Paakapinda pasi muchadenga meteoroid glows. Uye pano tiri kare pedyo mhinduro yomubvunzo, chii chinhu meteor.

kupfura nyeredzi

Dzimwe nguva twinkling nyeredzi dzokudenga usiku mumwe pakarepo rinoputika, rinorondedzera diki chinhu chakakombama uye haarambi. Ndiani akamboona zvakadaro, iye anoziva kuti meteor. Izvi "kupfura nyeredzi" vasina ukama kune nyeredzi chaidzo. Meteor - zvachose mumhepo chakajairika kuti kunoitika apo mhepo anopinda goko yedu duku kadikidiki zvinhu (meteoroids iwayo). The dzakaona kupenya kupenya kunobva chepakutanga yepasi pose kukura muviri. Kana meteor chipenye kupfuura cheshanu nokukura, izvozvo inonzi fireball.

akataririra

Izvi rakadai rinogona vanoyemurwa chete kubva mapuraneti kuti zvine mhepo. Kupfuta pamusoro Moon kana Mercury hazvigoni kuonekwa nekuti havana mhepo bhegi.

Kana "Nyeredzi achiwa" zvakakodzera mamiriro anogona kuonekwa ose usiku. Zvakanakisisa kunakidzwa kupfuta nemamiriro okunze akanaka uye ari zvokutora kure zvikuru kana zvishoma simba kunobva chakagadzirwa chiedza. Uyewo mudenga vanofanira kuva mwedzi. Muchiitiko chino, unogona kuonekwa pamwe akashama ziso pasi 5 paawa. Zvinhu, zvichiita kuti pakuonekwa chete "Falling Stars" kuti Anoisa zuva zvakasiyana-siyana kutenderera. Naizvozvo, nzvimbo uye paaizooneka yavo mudenga haagoni zvakarurama.

hova

Meteora, mapikicha zviri pamberi munyaya, sezvo mutemo, vane siyanei mavambo. Ivo mumwe anoverengeka mapute mitumbi duku yokudenga wokurarama munyika imwe trajectory. Kana kwavo, akakodzera nguva kuti arambe (nguva, achitarira kudenga, munhu anogona kukurumidza kunzwisisa kuti meteor) kunorondedzerwa zvakanaka kwazvo.

Roy izvi nzvimbo zvinhu anonziwo meteor yokugezera. Kazhinji, vari achiumbwa kuparadzwa kometi musimboti. Individual PARTICIPLE hova kutamira newokuti mumwe. Zvisinei, pose paNyika zvinoita kuti vari chaibwinya kubva dzakananga nzvimbo diki mudenga. mugove uyu anonzi wakaisvonaka nekubudisa. Zita meteor remhashu, sezvo mutemo, akapa renyeredzi umo ndiyo kuona centre (vanopenya) kana zita kometi, akoromoke kaienda chitarisiko chake.

Meteora, riri nyore kuwana pikicha chaiwo Hardware anoenderana zvakadai guru Rwako sezvo Perseids, Quadrantids ichi -Aquarids, Lyrids, ivo Geminids. Total kufambidzana nomumwe, izvozvo vakaziva ariko nzizi 64 uye vanenge 300 vari kumirira yekusimbisa.

mabwe yokudenga

Meteorites, asteroids, kupfuta uye comets - ukama munzira kana mumwe pfungwa zvinodiwa. Wokutanga ndiwo nzvimbo chinhu kuti wakawira Earth. Kakawanda, ndivo panobva asteroids, kanenge - a kometi. Meteorites dzinokosha zvikuru mashoko ari siyana dzenyika zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri mhiri Earth.

Vakawanda mitumbi izvi vawa pasi redu, vane chidukuduku saizi. The unoyevedza nokuda miganhu yacho meteorites vanosiya tichingoda kwechirwere, zviri kuoneka uye pashure nemamiriyoni emakore. Yaizivikanwa ndiye mwena pedyo netaundi Winslow, Arizona. Kuwa meteorite muna 1908, zvichipomerwa akaita Tunguska chiitiko.

zvinhu zvakadai guru "ashanyire" Pasi miriyoni ose mashoma makore. meteorites Most kuwanikwa zviri nani mwero kukura, asi regai kuva zvishoma inokosha nesayenzi.

Maererano masayendisiti, izvi zvinhu angamuudza yakawanda nenguva paumbwe renzou. Anofungidzirwa, ivo tudonhwe nyaya yaiumba duku nyika. Vamwe meteorites vanosvika kwatiri kubva Mars kana mwedzi. yepasi pose vadzungairi kwakadaro kubvumira kudzidza chinhu chitsva pamusoro zvinhu pedyo pasina yakakura mari iri kure nzendo.

Kuti nomusoro kusiyana zvinotsanangurwa munyaya ino inogona kuva vakawanda zvinhu kupa kuchinja miviri vari muchadenga. The asteroid, zvinosanganisira zvakaoma ibwe dombo kana kometi, inova chidhina chando, kuparadzwa chamutsa meteoroids kuti reentry nyika kugabhuka meteor, achipisira, kana kuwa, akatendeuka ari meteorites. Recent kuvandudza ruzivo yedu yose yapfuura vavo.

Meteorites, comets, kupfuta, uye asteroids uye meteoroids - vechikamu dzamarudzi nzvimbo motokari. The kudzidza izvi zvinhu kunounza mupiro mukuru ataiita muchadenga. With kuvandudzika zvokushandisa zvokuongorora nyeredzi, nyika kuwana mamwe mashoko pamusoro izvi zvinhu. Vapedza ichangopfuura, "Rosetta" basa vachiongorora akaratidza zvakajeka kuti mashoko akawanda anogona kuwanikwa uwane kudzidza yepasi pose mitumbi izvi.