Chii chaiva zita Yuriya Gagarina spaceship: humwewo neshanduro

Spring zuva muna 1961, kureva April 12, vanhu munyika vanoziva zita yomunhu, kuti usvinudze vanhu nzvimbo.

Norunyerekupe. misoro, verenga patter nechido redhiyo mishumo chero mutauro, uye, pakupedzisira, terevhizheni, vakadzidza uye chii chaiva zita rimwe spaceship Yuriya Gagarina. Zvatinosiita Shoko rimwe zvina hukuru pfungwa. Chinhu zita haritauri hapana haitauri zvakavanzika. Uye kwakanga mibvunzo yakawanda, hoyu mhinduro - zvishoma.

Ikakuruma ekunyebera nezvesayenzi enyika ingano

Zvechokwadi, akadaro chiitiko kuitika makore makumi mana apfuura, muna maviri, tinogona chete zvokufungidzira kuti zita mhando kuti awane wokutanga nzvimbo chitundumuseremusere. Mumakore iwayo, senguva dzose, izvozvo kunge anonzi "Internationale-1", kana zvimwe akangwara chidimbu chaienzanirana ipapo bato fashoni. Somuenzaniso, "Strasovkosom" (Nyika vanhu vokuSoviet muchadenga). Kana "Vladlenkosom" (Vladimir Lenin, Ibid). Pashure pezvose, kunyange nzvimbo Deputy vanhu commissar nokuda Naval Affairs akanga asarudzwa se "Zamkompomorde". Kazhinji, kukwira chete chinhu kuratidza.

Uye kana wekutanga asitironati vakatumwa muchadenga pasi Stalin, zvinokwanisika kuti kuita muviri wake zita womutungamiri, ari "baba vendudzi."

Chimwe zita nokuti chombo, uto

Kana nyanzvi muchiuto, muchivande Rocket, paakabvunzwa pamusoro chii kuzodana spaceship Yuriya Gagarina nokuda chaicho, aiti (nokucherechedza pakavanda, uye chete nevaya vave "kubvuma yokutanga"), akarurama - R-7. Nekuti ichi ndicho ballistic chombo chaiva mutakuri zvakaunzwa Soviet mutyairi wendege uyo akava nomukurumbira muchadenga. Asi kubvunza mibvunzo yakadaro vakanga hwakazarawo. Chekutanga, zvakanga zvakakodzera kunyange kuziva kuti ndiende navo, asi zvakanga mhiri simba kunyange manomano akachenjera, kuti deginamajai. Uye chechipiri, chakavanzika akaramba anenge zvose pamusoro Soviet nzvimbo kudziongorora.

Runonyengera mibvunzo Gagarin nemhinduro dzake witty

April 16, 1961 chokutanga cosmonaut kwenyika vakasvika venhau pa vose correspondents nhau masangano anogona kumubvunza chinhu, kunyange mibvunzo zvikuru runonyengera. Panguva iyoyo, vaiziva chaizvo raiva zita spaceship Yuriya Gagarina, uremu payload (matani 5) uye dzimwe parameters shoma catechumens pamberi Academician Keldysh. Hero charmingly akanyemwerera nyore uye ingeniously vakapindura ose mibvunzo interviewers, asi mashoko matsva hwokugadzira haina yakashuma. Kusvikira 1968, apo Länder "East" rava dzezvifananidzo Enea, kunyange Maumbirwe inogarwa mupanda yakaramba isingazivikanwi, tisingatauri zvakaoma mano, kupa rutsigiro uye kumhara Kamudzira. Zvikonzero keteni chakavanzika zvakadaro vaiva. America chaizvoizvo achisiya pazvitsitsinho, asi nguva dzose mwedzi miviri kana mitatu nokunonoka, riri kunoodza mwoyo kwazvo nokuti President John F. Kennedy uye vamwe vanhu vanokosha mubasa iri White House, uye kwete chete. Kunyange inoita vasingakoshi mashoko anogona kuunza mhiri kwemakungwa vagadziri mugwara, uye nharungano kwaisazobuda. Nyanzvi US vaifunga pamusoro marongerwo ari "East", asi sezvo nguva dzakaratidza, vakanga vakarasika.

"East" uye "pamusoro-soro" - mapatya

Saka, tose tinoziva kuti chii zita spaceship Yuriya Gagarina - "Vostok-1". Asi shoko "pamusoro-soro" kusvikira 1968 kusvika hapana pamusoro chinhu haatauri. vanhu vashoma vaiziva pamusoro wechokwadi uye huru matambudziko kuti kugadziriswa mazano kudzoka musoro nzvimbo chitundumuseremusere. Kuwedzera chokuendesa zvenyukireya arsenals, kuti R-7 aigona muna muchadenga ushori chinangwa Satellite, akashongedzerwa weheavy-basa optics uye pikicha. Tanetseka chaizvo, Keldysh uye Korolyov akakwanisa kuwedzera sovsekretnoe wehurumende shoko aigarira kutiza. Sezvo chitundumusere-musere Yuri Gagarin akava muenzaniso kutendeuka, apo chinangwa chawo chikuru kwaisanganisira uto Photo-ushori.

Zvakare, nhoroondo

Time hwakaratidza Kururama musayendisiti mukuru S. P. Koroleva uye chikwata chake chinoshamisa. Makumi emakore apfuura, uye nhasi kashoma kufunga mushori Satellite, yakajeka mifananidzo Soviet uye American kudzivirira nzvimbo zvainanga mumwe ballistic megasmertyah uye zvimwe zvinotyisa zvinoitika Hondo Yemashoko. Asi vanhu vose rangarira zita chikepe Yuri Gagarin, anoziva pamusoro yedu yepasi pose pokutanga uye rinoti zita nzvimbo piyona noruremekedzo uye norudo. Izvi haana kuchinja.