Census of Agriculture: makore hurongwa. Ministry of Agriculture

Mitambo uhwo nomazvo hurumende kuunganidza mashoko pamusoro mabasa akasiyana-siyana zvoupfumi vamiririri iri zvokurima nemauto - muna 2016 yakakura-pamwero okurima vaverengwe ichaitwa muna Russia. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti selhozperepis - kutanga kuti haisi itsva munhoroondo Russia. Zviitiko zvakafanana yaiitirwa mumazuva tsarist Russia. Kunyanya vachishingaira kuunganidza mashoko ari muchimiro selhozperepisi kuitwa muSoviet Union. The yakanakisisa Zvakaitika agrarians of USSR inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa matambudziko ano date kuunganidza, tichiratidza mamiriro ezvinhu ari zvokurima zvekutepfenyura. Ndezvipi chaizvo wokuRussia selhozperepisey? Ndezvipi zvechadenga chiitiko, raizoitwa muna 2016?

Musimboti zvokurima inventories uye nhoroondo mufambiro wavo muRussia

Census of Agriculture - chiitiko kuti dzaidzidziswa nemirayiro inokosha mutero, uyewo kunyoresa vari ushandiswe nenzira mashoko pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu ari National kurima. Chiitiko ichi chiri dzaidzidziswa vehurumende kuti vawane ruzivo pamusoro sei kuti pave nepurogiramu nevamwe kukura rokurima nemauto, izvo pane matambudziko, uye chii Migumisiro mabasa nevarimi 'mune dzimwe nguva.

The Ivan Kuchin mifananidzo zvokurima kwevanhu kubvira pamazuva Russia yekare. Pane uchapupu hwokuti ari akanyorwa remakore rechi9 akasangana nhoroondo varidzi venyika runofarira pamusoro kuti kudai zvavo achigona nhamba zvipfuwo. Zvinonzi aizivikanwa abate kwevanhu akawanda zvakafanana muzana remakore rechi13. Zvadaro, mashoko pamusoro mabasa Varidzi Russian vakaungana rechi16 uye rechi17 emakore kuburikidza munyori bhuku. Mukupera kwezana remakore rechi17 kuti zvinangwa izvozvo yaishandiswa vaverengwe mabhuku.

Yokutanga pamwero mukuru Verengai zvokurima ari ano mupfungwa rakaitirwa munzvimbo European chikamu Russian Empire muna 1877-1878, ukuwo. Chiitwa ichi rinotarisirwa kuunganidza umboo ari akaparadzana nhoroondo acreage nokuda-siyana mutsika.

rokutanga Kuverenga selskohozyaystvennayakak chiitiko yepamutemo yakaitwa 1916. Dzidza mamiriro ayo.

Selhozperepis 1916

Agricultural Kuverenga 1916 wakange asimbiswa:

• muunganidzwa mashoko anodiwa sangano mamiriro zvokudya muna 1917-1918 kurwa;
• kuwana Statistical mashoko zvakakodzera kuitira kuvandudza kwemitemo, izvo waidzora zvoupenyu zvokurima.

Vhidhiyo fomu Verengai muna 1916 aifanira kuratidza mashoko Varidzi, mombe, uye dzine kudzvarwa. Ivo vanobatsirawo mashoko pamusoro mumatanda, mwero kudyiwa-siyana zvokudya.

The Data chokurima okuverengwa muna 1916 dzakabudiswa muSoviet munguva. Vaisanganisira ruzivo pamusoro 76 mumatunhu rine vanhu vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 104,4 pakati munharaunda iyo mabasa sezvakarayirwa mamiriyoni 19.2 mapurazi.

Agricultural vaverengwe, iyo inoitwa 1916, akaratidza kuti anenge 64,3% of zvirimwa rokudyara zvokudya unehanya 31.6% - zvokudya. About 3.5% kubva nharaunda yaigarwa oilseeds, 0,6% - vamwe. Inenge 52% of chirimwa nzvimbo murimo nokuti gorosi, rye, vanenge 29% - oats, bhari. Kuverengwa kwevanhu akaratidza kuti ari nhaka varimi Russian waiva mamiriyoni 55,8 nemombe, kusanganisira mhou - 44%.

Muna 1917-1920, pane zvimwe selhozperepisey. Tikadzidza mashoko pamusoro pavo.

Selhozperepisi kubva 1917-1920

Agricultural Census 1917 raiva chiitiko chechipiri pakukura umo mashoko dzakatorwa pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu ari zvokurima nemauto ari mamiriro. Rakanga inoitwa kureva zvokudya sangano muchiuto munyika.

Sechikamu okuverengwa Data dzakatorwa mumapurazi zvose, artels nezvimwe bhizimisi iri zvokurima zvekutepfenyura. Zvisinei, isu kufungawo mapurazi avo chete, zvakanga munda zvirimwa.

Muna 1919 Verenga ari zvokurima nemauto ari kwakakura 10% muna gadziriro yacho zvakabudiswa yakaitwa muna Russia. Rakanga kuitwa kuti rione kuchinja nezvebasa mapurazi nemhaka iyo abolition yeSoviet hurumende kupfungwa pachake, uyewo kuitwa mutemo, maererano iyo nyika yave nationalized.

All-Russia hune okurima vaverengwe muna 1920. It chaiitirwa kuti vawane simba mashoko pamusoro kuchinja kurima pahwaro ari kuchinja mushure October Revolution. Zvakabuda chiitiko ichi dzakaratidza kuti itsva Soviet State ushande vanenge mamiriyoni 14.2 nemhuri. Public zviremera nebasa kuita selhozperepisi 1920, dzakaunganidza mashoko pamusoro nhamba uye Kuronga basa simba iri zvokurima nemauto munyika, kukura chirimwa nharaunda, zvipfuwo uye yehuku.

Selhozperepisi muna USSR

Gare gare, pashure pokugadzwa USSR, mairi vachinzi vazhinji mharidzo okuverengwa mune zvokurima zvekutepfenyura. Saka, vaigona kuonekwa zviratidzo 2-3, 5, 10% mhuri, achitungamirira mumabasa rehurumende. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti muna 1928 uye 1929 akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze Verenga zvose ehurumende mumapurazi uye mumapurazi, uye muna 1930 - chete mhando masangano wechipiri. Mugadziriro kuMudzidzisi okuverengwa dzakaunganidza mashoko mhuri Formulations zviri kuita zvokurima, pamusoro kukura munzvimbo kurimwa, zvipfuwo nhamba, imwe uwandu yaiwanika kune vagari, kushanda nyika uye kurera nezvipfuwo.

Kazhinji, USSR zvokurima nemauto nokushingaira kuongororwa nokuda nomazvo vehurumende mumakore pamberi Hondo Yenyika II, panguva iyo anoenderana - muchimiro rokuti vaverengwe. Mumakore 50-80 kwakawedzerwawo vakawanda mabasa.

Iye zvino ngatikurukurei kuti selhozperepisi rakaitirwa post-Soviet Russia.

Selhozperepisi mu post-Soviet Russia

Kutaura zvazviri, wokutanga post-Soviet pamwero mukuru-Russian zvose okurima vaverengwe yakaitwa muna Russia muna 2006. Its chikuru zvitarisirwa vaiva:

• chionekeso kubudikidza nomazvo vakuru mashoko pamusoro chinzvimbo uye nemamiriro National zvokurima, kwadzo uye Kuwanikwa zvinhu nokuda kwayo kukura;
• kuwana Statistical umboo hunotsigira zvokurima nemauto muna makanzuru;
• mukuvandudza Statistical Nzira dzekufambisa mashoko mune zvokurima.

Information pamusoro nhengo selhozperepisi kushandiswa sezvo humboo panobva apo arambe mhando. All-Russian Agricultural Census 2006 akatanga kuti kubvumira kuti vaongorore mamiriro ezvinhu ari National agrarian nemauto yeRussian Federation, kuongorora kuchinja kwakaitika kubvira kuchinja mamiriro.

Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti mukufamba okuverengwa yaishandiswa sechinhu itsva date muunganidzwa mitoo uye nzira kuti vakaumba mumakore mashoma apfuura zviitiko zvakadaro. The Data chokurima okuverengwa zvava yakabudiswa panzvimbo Rosstat.

2016 - In zvinoenderana RF Government Mutemo № 316, rakabudiswa 10/04/2013, zvinotevera selhozperepis akanga akaronga kuRussia. Funga anokosha ruzivo nezvazvo.

Selhozperepis 2016: chikuru ruzivo pamusoro chiitiko

Nokudaro, All-Russian okurima kuverengwa kwevanhu wechipiri kuitwa 2016 nokutanga nehurumende yeRussia. Chiitiko ichi chiri aronga chinozoiswa muna 2 nezvishoma. Kubva July 1 kusvika August 15, okuverengwa chichange ichiitwa zvikuru kuwana nzvimbo dziri muRussia, kubva September 15 kusvikira November 15 - mune kure kumatunhu munyika.

Bazi Agriculture, riri basa mufambiro vaverengwe muna 2016, ndiko kuunganidza mashoko pamusoro 167,6 zviuru. Farms 31,4 zviuru. Masangano Agricultural, 29,6 zviuru. Business masangano ari mamiriro Micro-emakambani, 55 zviuru. Varimi vari mamiriro SP, woga nemhuri nevagari vanenge mamiriyoni 20, uyewo vanenge zviuru 80. purofiti songaniro Chikwata.

Mumwe nomumwe nhengo mhando dzebhizimisi masangano anogona kubata mhando zvakananga nematambudziko, inoitika chete imwe pamwero emakambani, izvo riri imwe nharaunda Russia. Mumwe mabasa selhozperepisi - kuziva mapatani zvakafanana uye ongorora navo maererano applicability kuti anyatsobudirira ehurumende Mutemo mumunda zvokurima kukura.

zvino isu kudzidza zvinangwa uye zvinangwa zvinofanira kugadziriswa vechikamu vaiona chacho.

Zvinangwa uye Zvinangwa 2016 selhozperepisi

All-Russian Agricultural Census 2016 kunosanganisira chisarudzo maererano nomazvo zviremera matambudziko zvavo, zvakafanana avo vakange sechikamu chiitiko muna 2006.

Saka, vanofanira:

• unganidza Statistical umboo hunotsigira chinzvimbo uye nemamiriro agro-maindasitiri kwemauto of Russian Federation, pamusoro zvinhu zvinowanikwa pauri, uyewo kwadzo;
• tanga zvakawanda unhu dzebhizimisi masangano ari zvokurima nemauto - kuti kudzidza pakukura nzira yacho indasitiri, kukura zvishandiso pamusoro kwoupfumi nayo kuti kukurudzira budiriro;
• pakuwana date kurondedzera padanho kwezvokudya ari mamiriro.

Dzidza kuti vamwe zviratidzi chinokosha zvinofanirwa kuti ngadzirambe dziri urongwa selhozperepisi 2016.

Selhozperepis 2016: anokosha zviratidzi

Agricultural Kuverenga 2016 - chiitiko umo nomazvo vanachiremba vachaungana mashoko:

• nezvokukosha pasitendi vagari nemasangano enzvimbo mamiriro avo uye nzira kushandiswa;
• chokuita wevanotungamirira zvechadenga siyana vanovengwa okuverengwa;
• Employment mune zvokurima;
• yacho pasi zvirimwa siyana vakaverengwa mhando;
• zvipfuwo uye yehuku - uyewo kuwirirana nemamwe maonero avo;
• kuvapo dzinoshandiswa hupfumi sangano pakati-siyana michina, midziyo nezvimwe kwezvivako.

Tichadzidza muudzame chii chero basa masangano vangagara selhozperepisi muna 2016.

Selhozperepis 2016: zvinhu

Maererano zvokudya imwe yoga mutemo yeUnited, panyama vanhu uye masangano vangagara selhozperepisi 2016:

• vakabata kurendesa kana kushandisa dzimwe nyika pasi, iyo inoshandiswa pagadzirwe zvokurima zvigadzirwa;
• pakuva mhuka purazi.

Manufacturers okurima zvigadzirwa maererano mutemo dzinoiswa kupinda inotevera Mapato zvoupfumi vamiririri:

• pamutemo masangano;
• mapurazi;
• nomumwe Entrepreneurs;
• mapurazi vemunyika;
• Horticultural okurima chalet asiri mubereko nokuwadzana.

Akatevera chinokosha chiitiko ichi, sezvo zvokurima vaverengwe - gadziriro. We funga izvozvo kunyanya rinokanganisa selhozperepisi yakawanda 2016.

Kugadzirira selhozperepisi 2016

Nzira iyo iri rinoitwa kutungamirirwa basa vechikamu chokurima okuverengwa muna 2016, akatsunga, sezvo mutemo, pachiyero imwe Municipality, asi maererano nemitemo batana. Saka, vakawanda munharaunda pasi zvomunharaunda utongi akasimbisa basa raikosha nokuda selhozperepisi. sezvamunoita kwavo kazhinji rinoumbwa vamiririri matunhu neminisiparati simba, Rosstat, mune zvokurima nyanzvi, vamiririri vatevedzere mutemo uye supervisory masimba.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kugadzirira selhozperepisi 2016 kakawanda kuitwa kubvira 2015. Saka, pakazosvika nguva kuMudzidzisi zviitiko zvakanzi vaifungidzira kuti akwanise vanachiremba vakabudirira kugadzirisa mabasa akadai:

• paumbwe ndandanda dzebhizimisi masangano iro Data zvinofanira ndaitora;
• Implementation pakati Kuverenga jogirafi - mukuru weboka Municipality kupinda yoga munzvimbo uye enumeration munzvimbo kuvandudza kunyatsoshanda yevashandi anokonzera date muunganidzwa;
• kukwezva registrars - kuti uvhure ehurumende selhozperepisi zvinhu.

Kuitwa rokurima vaverengwe anoratidzwa mitemo mandating kudzivirira pachavo mashoko varimo kwechiitiko ichi. Tichadzidza ichi yakawanda nuance.

Selhozperepis 2016: kudzivirirwa pachavo mashoko ane vechikamu

Chokwadi chokuti mashoko ari Census zvichengetedzwe, zvinoratidzwa akawanda manyuko mutemo. Chekutanga, icho mutemo yeUnited, maererano izvo zvokurima vaverengwe rakarongwa. Chechipiri, ndiko kuparadzana Mutemo pamusoro Inodzivirira Personal Data.

Maererano mitemo pari yeRussian Federation mu kwemitemo, mashoko kuti ubatanidzwe okuverengwa zvenhoroondo, pakunzi ruzivo kuti haasi pasi kunze komutemo kuburitsa. The chete nzira yokushandisa nayo - kutumira akakodzera mashoko hurongwa. User date mashoko dai chete zviremera nomazvo uye dzimwe masangano, iyo kodzero iyi unozvipiwa nemutemo.

Processing of Data zviri evoruzhinji selhozperepisi, yaifanira chero kuti vaida kudzivirirwa - kureva nokushandiswa rakavimbika ano mashoko encryption uye kuchinjwa kwezvinhu. Vashandi zviremera dzinobatanidzwa selhozperepisi ita maererano nomutemo kwete pachena ruzivo huri vaverengwe evoruzhinji.

Zvisinei, zvinokosha kuziva kuti migumisiro selhozperepisi - muchimiro iyo nzira dzekuziva achaparadzwa akasangana zvakavanzika mashoko pamusoro izvi kana zvimwe mabhizimisi masangano, achaiswa yakabudiswa pashure - kudhindwa uye paIndaneti. Avo kana mamwe mashoko, kuti vave rekuremekedza uye dzisina anotaura zvakananga zvokurima.

pfupiso

Saka, zvatakurukura musimboti pfungwa rokurima vaverengwe, humboo nhoroondo zviitiko. MuRussia, nhoroondo kukura marudzi akawanda zvokurima uye kuti chinangwa kuvaka anobudirira mutemo rutsigiro uye pakukura ichi chikamu State nguva kuunganidza mashoko pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu ari indasitiri.

Muna 2016 iri Russian Federation akabata rechipiri hwokurima Verenga pashure pokuwa yeSoviet. Uyewo, zvinhu izvi zvakanga kazhinji muSoviet munguva: zvakaitika nguva idzodzo, tsika wokuunganidza mashoko rokurima nemauto vari kushandiswa mune mhinduro zvinetso kuitika, wakasiyiwa Bazi Agriculture nemamwe hurumende masangano hanya.

Muna 2016, rimwe remasangano selhozperepisey ichaitwa. The nomazvo hurumende kuunganidza mashoko pamusoro zvose mikuru zvoupfumi vatambi ari agrarian nemauto, uye kuti patsanura navo sezvo chikamu vakawanda Mapato akasiyana - kuti vaumbe mashoko chawo chinogona kushandiswa chinangwa ane chinangwa kuongorora mamiriro Russian kurima. Naizvozvo selhozperepisi date richashandiswa nezviremera mukuvaka itsva mutemo kukoshesa chokurima nemauto uye mberi kwayo ezvoupfumi sectors.