Zvinooneka nemwaranzi

Zvichida iwe wakanzwa pamusoro hunokosha remagetsi mafungu panoonekwa vanhu ziso, achitora zvimwe chikamu chakarondedzera uye kuva wavelength pakati 380 nm (nokuti Violet) kusvika 780 nm (nokuti tsvuku). Ndicho zvinooneka nemwaranzi. Properties zviri dzinowanzoona kuratidzwa terahertz, tinogona kuwana nokuyera kakawanda norudaviro nemafungu dzakadaro (isu tiwane mukaha mumarudzi 400-790 THz). Zvinoonekwa nemwaranzi anonziwo chiedza zvinooneka. Kuti ndokuisa mamwe nyore, ndiwo chiedza kuti tiri saka kujaira, uye kudivi iro mumuviri kunyange kufunga. The kupfuura nzwisisa chokukomborerwa maziso edu kuti 555 nm (ichi mitema chikamu chakarondedzera, 540 THz).

Interesting chokwadi: iri chakarondedzera harina zvimwe mavara panoonekwa nesu. Somuenzaniso, hapana vaaleanpunainen ruvara (nemumumvuri). Zvinonzi akaumba apo nokusanganisa mamwe mavara.

Makambozvibvunza kuti nei denga anotarira rebhuruu? Zviri nyore: chikamu chakarondedzera ine pfupi wavelength vakapararira nendege kupfuura kureba chaienzanirana tsvuku kurutivi chakarondedzera. Nokuda kwaizvozvi denga rebhuruu, kunyanya masikati. Zvinoonekwa nemwaranzi anopinda vanonzi "Manyiminya hwindo". nharaunda iri chakarondedzera pasi muchadenga hakuiti kupinza.

Vamwe mhuka kuona chiedza, dzisingambosvikiki kuchiratidzo hwevanhu (zvinongokonzerwa hakusi anooneka siyana kunyorerana). Zvipembenene zvakawanda (semuenzaniso, nyuchi) kuona ultraviolet siyana, saka ivo vanokurumidza kuwana nekita mu nemaruva. Ultraviolet nemwaranzi ndiko kukwanisa kuona uye shiri. Dzimwe shiri kunyange vane zvisiri izvo kuoneka chete muchimiro nemwaranzi, umo vechirume zvakarurama kuona mumwe.

It akawana kushandisa chiedza chinooneka uye muvanhu. Its inonyanya chimiro - kupisa kwakavakirwa inofamba kwemaatomu: muviri hombe ndiyo pakutsamwisana kuti nokukurumidza sangano kwemaatomu izvo emit chiedza pamusoro kudhumhana. All avanoziva kwatiri chiedza zvinyorwa - zuva, incandescent, kenduru (murazvo) - vari chafariz manyuko chiedza zvinooneka.

Zvinotevera muenzaniso - electroluminescence. Pano, simba anokonzera chiedza anobuda, maatomu vakawana kubva nonthermal zvinyorwa. Kana dzemagetsi discharges ari gasi munda yakashuma imwe kinetic simba, kuti maerekitironi urove maatomu (rokuti "dhumhana"), uye simba kwemaatomu kufara tichengete kare muchimiro luminescence (electroluminescence).

Electroluminescence yava kushandiswa kushambadza zvakavhenekerwa zviratidzo. Panzira, kuti Aurora borealis rinorevawo chimiro electroluminescence: mhosva nezvimedu chaibwinya neDare Sun, vanokwezvwa nokuda remagineti yedu, tiri kufara panguva matanda ayo, uye chiedza. Asi cathode ranzi sepombi vari paterevhizheni sokupenya yakafanira cathodoluminescence: hwihwinyara pano kunokonzera Erekitironi bombardment.

Chemiluminescence - mumwe muenzaniso wechiedza zvinooneka. Pano mugumisiro sokupenya anova simba yakabudiswa muna nemakemikari. chiedza mabviro tembiricha iri kudziya svikiro umo riri. Muenzaniso vangangodaro kuva Chinotonhora pamwe shoma yemandorokwati mutema "furashiraiti". Light uye zvimwe zvinenge: hove, mabhakitiriya uye nezvipembenene. Dzimwe nguva unogona kuona sokupenya kuorera mazviri miti.

Vamwe muviri kutanga hwihwinyara pashure pokunge vachibatwa chiedza: kuchipedza simba, vane vanova zvinopa chiedza. It - photoluminescence ehupfumi izvo zviri zvinowanzoshandiswa pendi, zvipfeko, mugwagwa zviratidzo uye nezvimwewo.

Ruvara zvinoumba chiedza zvinoonekwa rinoshandiswa tsika wepfungwa: Green anozivikanwa adzikamise tsvuku - excites, nezvishava, vatema uye zvitema - nekusiyana, tunodzivisa uye kunyange yavanomanikidzwa, uye kuperevedza chena ruvara muvanhu uye kuora mwoyo sei kuitika. Zvinoonekwa nemwaranzi inoshandiswa mukurapa (chromotherapy): somuenzaniso, chiedza yeyero rinoshandiswa kurapwa nedzimwe hosha ziso. Red chiedza akaporesa zvimwe zvirwere uye zvokurwara kwemasero pabonde: infantilism, kushaya mbereko, kumwedzi zvirwere vakadzi, kushomeka uwandu mbeu varume anaphrodisia. Blue chiedza anobvisa kuvaviwa, kubata exudative diathesis uye-siyana ropa.