Political Science nzira

Nokufamba enhoroondo inotungamirwa enyika pfungwa zvishoma nezvishoma kumhuka inokosha tsvakurudzo nzira musayenzi enyika. Izvi Nhoroondo shanduka unogona kukamurwa akawanda nguva.

Time nguva kusvikira remakore rechi19 ndiro nguva ane chaiwo. Panguva iyi, sainzi enyika chinozoiswa nzira dzakadai tsika uye aksiologichesky, musoro-youzivi uye deductive.

The nguva kubvira muzana remakore rechi19 kuti vaongorori 20 kutsanangura sechinhu zvechechi nguva. Panguva ino, pakutanga ndivo pamutemo uye zvechechi, nhoroondo uye kuenzaniswa nzira enyika nesayenzi.

Kubva 20 kusvika 70 remakore rechi20 rwakatora behaviorist nguva. Panguva iyi advantageously kunge chinozoiswa quantitative nzira enyika nesayenzi.

Mumakore rechitatu remakore rechi20 vakasvika postbihevioristsky kumwedzi. Panguva iyi, musanganiswa zvetsika uye zvitsva nzira nesayenzi enyika.

Kubvira panguva Aristotle uye Plato anozivikanwa okufananidza (okufananidza) senzira Kuongororwa uye kunyatsoongorora dzidziso. Kwakavakirwa tikaenzanisa vaviri (kana kupfuura) political zvinhu. Vachishandisa nzira iyi zvinokwanisika kuti asimbise zvakafanana zviri zvinhu kana kutsunga kusawirirana kwavo. Kushandiswa okufananidza enyika kuongorora kunoita kukura zvematongerwo enyika zivo, verifiable, kuongorora masangano, ruzivo, maitiro uye matanho pahwaro chikonzero-uye-kushanda ukama. Uyezve, chokushandisa ichi kunoita kuti kufungidzira migumisiro, dzinokura kuitika.

Sociological nzira sayenzi enyika chinhu chisinganzwisisiki pane unyanzvi uye zvokurimisa yakananga Sociological tsvakurudzo. Zvidzidzo izvi chinangwa kuunganidzwa uye kubudiswa zvinhu zvoupenyu enyika, kunoitika panguva. Achishandisa Sociological tsvakurudzo inofanira semhosva nemibvunzo, kuongorora, Statistical Analyses, kuedza, akarongeka Modelling. On hwaro yakaunganidzwa chaiyo mupfumi zvinhu zvinova zvinoita kudzidza pezvakaitwa uye zvakavapo.

Anthropological nzira, rakada kufanana kwevanhu, ndizvo chaizvo chakajairika kuongorora masangano simba, zvigadziriswe munzanga chidhiraivho yaiva kunyanya munhu pre-maindasitiri munzanga. Nzira iyi kungashandiswawo pakuongorora matambudziko tishandurwe uye kwadzakabva tsika zviridzwa rokudzora kuchinja kubva dzenhoroondo kune yemazuva nehurongwa.

Kudzidza kuzviitira zvigadziriswe mufambiro, unhu husina, unhu, mifananidzo senzira inonzwisisika chido mune zvematongerwo enyika chakavakirwa mupfungwa nzira sayenzi enyika. Zvinonzi inobva kunoshamisa pfungwa Seneca, Aristotle, Rousseau, Machiavelli, uye vamwe vanofunga. Pakati zvinokonzera ano mupfungwa nzira dziri pfungwa zvinokosha psychoanalysis.

Mune dzimwe nzira, pokuchinja iri sayenzi enyika akaita behaviorist nzira, iyo yakaumbwa serimwe rinogona kutsiva pamutemo. Behavioristic nzira ongororo uye Kukoshesa kwakavakirwa vamwe "individualization". Vateveri nzira iyi runoonekwa sechinhu yakazvimirira mutemo evanhu chakajairika, mumagariro maitiro mapoka mhando (kana vanhu), inozivikanwa mafungiro zviruva kuva noukama hwepedyo raitonga uye simba.

Kushandiswa nyanzvi mazano sezvo nzira ongororo iri rinokosha kana pakubata siyana non-formalizable mabasa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzirwa ari administrative mutongo, wacho for enyika kukura, tinyatsonzwisisa zvinhu.

Kukudziridza cybernetic kwacho womuenzaniso anoshandisa kukurukura nzira. Panyaya iyi, zvematongerwo kusakarongeka rinoongorora sei anodzidzisa hova. Panyaya iyi, chinhu chikuru ndiyo mhinduro uye zvakaitwa nayo.

The simulation nzira inosanganisira kudzidza enyika mananara uye kurongedza tichibatsirwa pakutsvakurudza uye kukura yokutevedzera. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nhasi ndiro vaizotibata kupfuura nzira.