Zvichishandurwa - nayo ... Angadudzira - fanano

Remubatanidzwa Mashoko Siyanisai hwedu uye kubatsira kugadzirisa Crossword Puzzles. Mutsara uyu unogona kududzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Uye nenzira, chii chiri "zvichishandurwa"? Fanano kuti pfungwa iyi vangadzidza? Unorevei-mutauro muturikiri? Uye pane basa rakadaro? Edza kunzwisisa.

maduramazwi

Sezvo nguva dzose kuna kududzirwa mashoko akaoma, zviri nani duramanzwi uye kuwana rokuti "vanodudzira". Meaning shoko - kududzira, tsanangura, kujekesa. Pfungwa iyi rinobva muchiLatin interpretatio, izvo zvinoreva - "kunyatsotsanangura." Maduramazwi kutipa kududzirwa rokuti kwakadaro:

• Zvichishandurwa - inzira kana nzira uchatamisa kunzwisisa kwokufananidzira kugutsikana mune nyore mabhuku acho.
• ukoshi The rakatetepa iri kushandiswa Arts. Pano "vanodudzira" zvinoreva kuti adudzire magwaro wakatangwa achirifananidza semantics uye epistemology.
• In duramazwi ichi kwouzivi tsanangudzo dzakasiyana-siyana zvishoma. Pano shoko rokuti "zvichishandurwa" - iri achitsanangura dzinotsanagura nokuvapo mitemo yezvinhu zvakasikwa nemhaka kunzwisisa kwavo pfungwa dzevanhu.

Ngationgororei izvi chaizvo.

nevanhu

Nyanzvi dzemitauro vanodudzira zvinoreva "dudziro" rokuti somumwe nokushanda nzira chiratidzo enyika. tsamba Chero, dombo piritsi, pamusoro muenzaniso chaenga akafukidzwa zviratidzo vekare kuti sayenzi yemazuva anoedza kutsanangura. Pashure pezvose, chinyorwa chipi kana muenzaniso anotakura nazvo zvakawanda kutaurwa uye kunanga tsika. Text zvichishandurwa - zvinoreva zvakajeka, sezvo zvichishandurwa zvinyorwa zvekare - hazvina kufanana ivo kushandura. Musiyano uri kuoneka chaizvo - zvose pakati muchina rokushandura kubva yokumwe mutauro uye nyanzvi. Kwete chete verenga chekare, unofanira kunzwisisa chii kureva okuberekwa charted vatorwa zviratidzo izvi. Ndosaka masayendisiti akawanda chiwanzo chokudavira kuti runyoro akaonekwa mharadzano nesayenzi uye nounyanzvi.

The unoreva zvakawanda mashoko akanyorwa mazana emakore akawanda akapfuura, zvichida, kare vakarasika nevaongorori ano. Zvisinganzwisisiki unoreva zvakawanda isu vanodudzira kwavowo. Izvi zvinorevei kuti kunzwisisa mutauro wekare? Modern kunzwisisa upenyu hwevanhu vakararama nguva pamberi pedu. Pashure pezvose, upenyu hwemazuva ano zviri akapfuma mumadimikira uye reticence, ndiro dzinonyatsozikanwa kuti chizvarwa mutauri, asi zvazvinoreva akarasika mushanduro. Zvokutaura kana bvunzo chinyorwa rakanyorwa kare tisati tazvarwa. Pamwe mhirikiro isu svetuka munyika vekare uye edza kuedza pamusoro pfungwa kufara kuti aivapo kare pamberi pedu.

chitendero

Kudikanwa kutsanangura tsamba sevatakuri dzakananga, tacit ruzivo chinonyanya kuoneka muchitendero. nekukoshesana kana shoko anowana hunhu waro kasingaperi zvichishandurwa uye akatsanangura. Vazhinji inozivikanwa dudziro zviitiko akanga adudzira pamusoro kwakajairika. A klassiske Muenzaniso mhirikiro yakadaro chiKristu anogona kushumira siyana eapokirifa zvisiri dzakafuridzirwa mumagwaro, semuenzaniso Evhangeri Thomas kana Protoevangelie kubva James.

sayenzi chaiyo

In masvomhu uye mamwe sayenzi chaiwo kwagara kwaireva vamwe dudziro. Chero kwemasvomhu pfungwa kunobva zvinhu kubvira pakutanga havadi tsanangudzo kana uchapupu. Nyore Muenzaniso inonzwisisika maumbirwo Euclidean geometry ndechokuti zvose kwavaiwanzogara Theorems pachishandiswa axioms akawanda. Mumwe nomumwe zvinotevera theorem no inobva yapfuura mumwe. manera iyi kunoratidza kududzirwa yokungotaura constructs kuri yazvino nesayenzi zvavo. Kujeka mukupera Renaissance zvakawanwa chinhu chomunguva yakapfuura - kubva remakore rechi19, chero kwemasvomhu kuwanikwa vakatanga vamwe zvekungofungira kuti haatarisiri uchapupu. Saka pavaiwana geometry pamusoro Lobachevsky uye Riemann. Ndiani We vanodudzira - kushanda musimboti vakashandisa masvomhu, izvo, kuita pamusoro yakabvuma hwaro, vanokwanisa kubata dambudziko hurongwa yakakwirira chaizvo.

sayenzi zvakasikwa

By pakutanga New Age iri kwevanhu mukwende yakaoma vakawanda chokwadi uye tsanangudzo kuti raida kupatsanura uye dudziro. Naizvozvo, nheyo "kuedza uye tsvaka mhaka Chiitiko kuti" kuti nguva yapera. In sayenzi dzinongoitika kuedza kuwedzera kunzwisisa rwaiitwa pahwaro Arayirwa dzidziso. Shoko rokuti "dudziro" raiva zvishoma zvakasiyana - kutsanangura mugumisiro yakawanikwa pachishandiswa dzidziso. Chero inference kupupurirwa zvakawanika uye kuedza. Dudziro migumisiro kuedza izvi kunosvika upenyu imwe dzidziso kana mumwe rushila pasi.

zvirongwa

Zvirongwa somunhu sainzi riri inowanikwa wemasvomhu uye zvemutauro. Programmers vanoshandisa kwemasvomhu zviratidzo, achiishandura kuvapinza chirongwa nokubatsirwa mitemo mitauro. Ndosaka zvose chiratidzo gadziriro inoshandiswa pakunyora mapurogiramu yacho ndiwo mutauro - apo achitaipa chirongwa anoshandisa akasiyana mitauro maumbirwo anozivikanwa kubva mumitauro mupenyu, nemarongerwo mitemo, uye zvichingodaro.

The mutauro zvirongwa kunokosha kuti aite zvimwe zviito pamwe mashoko. Zviito izvi kunofanira kuitwa "pfungwa" pakombiyuta - ayo processor. Asi dambudziko iri ndechokuti processor anonzwisisa chete kumbonyanya shoma akagadzirwa mirayiro zvaro. Kuti tinzwisise processor kuti anofanira kuita, yakatanga compilers uye vaturikiri.

compilers

Compiler - purogiramu anomuchinja rwezuva kutaridza programmer muchina mirayiridzo. Sezvo yakadaro kutendeutsa chirongwa compiler kunoratidza kukanganisa (nemarongerwo, somuenzaniso). Naizvozvo zvakananga executable faira vane zvikanganiso zvichange zvisisipo. Rakajairika akaanyora mitauro - a Pascal, Assembler, Delphi, C, C ++.

vaturikiri

Panewo chaiyo mutauro zvirongwa uko isu kureva kwete processor uye nhume, mutauro-muturikiri. Chirongwa muturikiri nokundiruramisira mutsetse norwonzi kuongorora chirongwa sezvo rinobva purogiramu chiyamuro. Zvinoguma chine vatambi kuti processor kunzwisisa uye zvandakatonga. Pakati programmers muturikiri inonzi rakapotsa muchina.

Zvichiitika sezvinotevera: chirongwa kunobva iri kuchinjwa kuva zvimiso code, boka mirayiro kunzwisisa maererano chirongwa-muturikiri. Somuenzaniso, bumbiro rakanyorwa C # (C-unopinza), iri kuva chiripo Language - mutauro zvinzwisiswe kwezvakatipoteredza Net Pakuumbwa.

Dzimwe nguva mutauro zvichishandurwa unokubvumira hurongwa pasina vanozoshanda Somuenzaniso, JavaScript manyorero iri vakaurayiwa Browser zvakananga. Muchiitiko chino, hapana chakasara kana anoona chirongwa kukanganisa, sei kuputsa murayiro uye vanoratidza kukanganisa kune programmer. Akadudzira mutauro zvirongwa - ndiye PHP, JavaScript, C #.

zvabuda

Ngatidzokere vaturikiri edu. Mazuva kwezuva nezuva mashoko uye shoko "Ini zvichishandurwa". Pfungwa iyi yakapirikirwa se "kuva pachena kunzwisisa." Zviri mupfungwa iyi shoko inoshandiswa pakukurukurirana kwezuva nezuva. "Interpreter" Pakanga kunyange basa. Inguva injiniya uyo inoongorora yose siyana nemashoko anodiwa akuteerere mugodhi kushandiswa. mafomu dzakadaro anozivikanwa shoko kungada kuti chidzoke nezvimwe zvinorehwa veshoko "muturikiri". Asi sei kure zvichaita tsika itsva kutanga - remangwana acharatidza.