Yehondo pakati North uye South America. Zvinokonzera hondo 1861-1865

Hondo pakati North neSouth America yava rimwe kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda maitikiro pakugadzirwa American evanhu vemazuva ano. Nokuti 5 makore kurwisana nezvombo hamusati akaumba United States, pasinei vasingaverengeki vawirwa vaigona pave yaro yemberi kuvapo uye kubudirira.

USA muna XIX remakore uye ayo disintegration

Chokutanga uye chikonzero chikuru Kwehondo uto pakati inoti akaberekwa panguva pakuvapo Colonisation. Muna 1619, yokutanga varanda African vakaunzwa Virginia. Ndakatanga kuumba muranda hurongwa. Mukati mashomanana emakore, zvakatanga kuonekwa zviratidzo nokurwa ramangwana rokutanga. Vanhu vakatanga kutaura achipikisa muuranda. Yokutanga yaiva Rodzher Uilyams. Danho nedanho, akatanga kuonekwa mumutemo wokutanga aivabatsira uye waidzora upenyu varanda zvishoma nezvishoma akagamuchira kodzero "munhu" kazhinji chibharo pavanatenzi vavo.

Muzana XIX remakore, apo hondo pakati North neSouth America rava hakudzivisiki, Congress vachiri kuedza kuwana kunzwisisa achishandisa murunyararo. Saka, muna 1820, ari Missouri kuisa, izvo zvakaita munzvimbo rouranda yakanga yakasainwa yave kuwedzera. Zviri pachena kwaiva muranda-vakabata muganhu nzvimbo. Saka, South yakaparadzana pachayo kubva North zvachose. Muna 1854, chibvumirano rakanga rarambidzwa. Uyewo, Republican Party riri chikuva masangano kuti akarwa uranda yakaumbwa gore rino. Uye muna 1860 akava mumiriri purezidhendi ichi enyika simba Abraham Lincoln.

Mugore iroro US akarasikirwa nhanhatu wokumaodzanyemba nharaunda, izvo vakazivisa kushaya kwavo kubva Federation uye pakusikwa Confederate States. Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare, pashure kukunda rokutanga Confederation pana Fort Sumter, kuti kusada US akati imwe 5 inoti. Northern States akazivisa kuunganidza - Civil War pakati North neSouth America kwakatangwa.

American South uye tsika dzaro

Chii chaiva zvishoma kunoshamisa nebope pakati rinoti, dziripo kweanenge emakore? Hatigoni kutaura kuti South akanga nhapwa zvachose uye utsinye. Mukupesana, iri pakutanga XIX remakore, pane yaiitwa vakawanda mashoko pamusoro muuranda, asi 1830 vakanga vaneta.

Nzira kumaodzanyemba inoti akanga vangasimudzira kumushora kuti North. Pashure yeHondo Mexican-American States akagamuchira matunhu akakura. Vadanana paidiwa kubata. Vasimi vakawana nzira yokubuda vatenge varanda. Somugumisiro, mashoko South rava chinhu agrarian nzvimbo, rinoda kugara basa umo maiva chinokosha rokushaya. Nokuda zvakachipa basa hondo pakati North uye South America. Musimboti yokurwisana, maererano dzakawanda dzekare, akarara zvakadzama.

kuchamhembe inoti

Northern inoti vaiva nemhedziso pakatarisana pamusoro Bourgeois of South. Business uye enterprising North kubudikidza bhizimisi uye zvokuimba mapurani. Pakanga pasina muuranda, uye kukurudzira rusununguko basa. Kubva makona zvose zvenyika vakaungana pano vanhu hope kupfuma uye kuita mhanza. Muzvinhu hwokuchamhembe akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze uye anovamba kusanduka hurongwa mitero, pakanga rudo. Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti, pasinei mamiriro vagari vakasununguka, African vokuAmerica uye North vaiva vagari wechipiri-kirasi.

Zvinokonzera hondo pakati North uye South America

• Kurwira kurambidzwa kwouranda. Vazhinji dzekare dzinotaura pfungwa iyi chete enyika nzira kuna Lincoln, izvo zvinodiwa kusimbisa simba rayo muEurope.
• Musiyano mafungiro chavagari kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba kumatunhu.
• Chido kudzora kuchamhembe inoti kwesango vavakidzani kuburikidza vakawanda zvigaro Mumba Representatives.
• The kutsamira of kwemaindasitiri pamusoro zvokurima zvibereko South. Northern kumatunhu kutenga donje, fodya uye shuga pane subsidized zvazvingava, kumanikidza vasimi kurarama pane richibudirira.

Course remapazi zvechiuto yokutanga nguva yehondo

Muna April 1861 Hondo Civil yakatanga muna North uye South America. Historians refu yaisanzwisisa akatanga kurwisana nezvombo. Mushure kuenzanisa kuitika kutokonora nokuda atirari, zvakava pachena kuti hondo yakanga chakakonzerwa Southerners.

Hondo uye kukunda yokutanga Confederate mauto yakaitika pedyo Fort Sumter. Pashure kukundwa ichi, President Lincoln akanunura "iri pfuti" 75 zviuru vazvipiri. Haana kuda reropa rine mhinduro kuti mukakavadzane uye aida kubhadhara kumaodzanyemba inoti iwe uye arange vaikurudzira. Asi hondo pakati North uye South America akanga atova hakudzivisiki. Southerners vokutanga kukunda zvakafuridzirwa uye vaida kurwa. Concept nokukudzwa uye vakashinga vakashinga Southern vakomana musingavapi kodzero ngavabude. Uye kubatsira panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa hondo zvikuru muna South - wandei varwi vakadzidzira uye Kuronga chikwata, uyewo zvombo depots zvakakwana vachiri pashure pehondo pamwe Mexico.

Lincoln akazivisa blockade vose Confederate inoti.

In July 1861 pakava pahondo Bull Run River, panguva iyo yakahwina nemauto ari Irangano. Asi pachinzvimbo kuenda pakaunda-kurwisa Washington, southerners akasarudza kuzvidzivirira nzira, uye inokosha zvinobatsira chakarasika. Pavanotaurirana kwakawedzera muzhizha 1861. Zvisinei, kana pakanga Southerners akangwara, saka angadai kupera hondo pakati North uye South America. Ndiani kukunda mune Danho iri kunetsana, saka zviri zvechokwadi kwete Federation.

In April 1862 zvakaitika rimwe kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda hondo iri Civil War, dzikavauraya vanhu zviuru zvitanhatu - Hondo paShiro. hondo iyi, kunyange vane inorema nezvinhu, mauto omubatanidzwa vakakunda uye nechekare mwedzi uyu pasina rimwe bara vakapinda New Orleans uye Memphis.

Muna August, kuNorthern mauto aswedera guru Irangano Richmond, asi hafu Confederate hondo duku rinotungamirirwa General Lee, akakwanisa kukunda kwavari. Muna September, mauto zvakare icharwirwa Bull Run River. Zvino unogona kubata Washington, asi rombo zvakare haana anoteverwa vaita.

abolition

Mumwe chakavanzika nehwamanda Abraham Lincoln, izvo akadzidzisa somunhu kukonzera kunetsana pakati rinoti, aiva kurambidzwa kwouranda. Uye panguva mutungamiri kodzero akahushandisa yokubvisa uranda mu mupanduki rinoti sezvo hondo pakati North neSouth America kwakaita 1861-1865 aigona seranonoka kwenguva refu.

Muna September, Lincoln akasaina Kusunungurwa Chiziviso vari kurwa pamwe Union rinoti. Dobrich uranda zviripo.

Saka, purezidhendi rimwe bara kuuraya shiri mbiri nedombo rimwe. Iye akazivisa pachake kuti nyika semunhu kurwira kodzero dzevanhu ari dema vemo. Zvino Europe havagoni kubatsira Irangano. Ukuwo, mumwe nokuvatema mudanga, Akawanza kwehondo kwayo.

Danho rechipiri hondo

Muna May 1863, danho rechipiri pokurwa. North neSouth America muhondo rakatanga nokushingaira itsva.

Mukutanga July, izvozvo yakatanga raikosha hondo Gettysburg urwo rwakatora mazuva akawanda, izvo kwakaguma Confederate mauto vakamanikidzwa shure. kukundwa uku akatora zviuru zvevanhu uye kuputsa morale of South, ivo madzivisa, asi pasina kubudirira zvikuru.

July 4, 1863 Vicksburg akawira General Grant. Lincoln pakarepo akamugadza kuti ave mukuru weuto northerners. Kubvira vakatanga nebope pakati maviri tactical vemauto - Lee uye Grant.

Atlanta, Savannah, Charleston - guta munyika kudzorwa Union mauto. President Lincoln Davis akatumira kupa nyika tsamba, asi North aifanira kuteerera South, pane kuenzana.

Hondo pakati North neSouth America muzana remakore rechi19 yakaguma Kuregwa Confederate mauto, yomuchinda South akawira, uye mabhizimisi uye farira North akunda.

zvabuda

• Kurambidzwa kwouranda.
• US Federal akagara dzidzo RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA.
• Vamiririri kuchamhembe inoti dzakakundwa ruzhinji zvigaro Mumba uye akasunda zvakakodzera zvebhizimisi uye maindasitiri mitemo, urove "muzvikwama" pakati southerners.
• vanhu vanopfuura 600,000 vakaurayiwa.
• Kutanga pakati kwemaindasitiri kumaodzanyemba kunzvimbo, zvachose maindasitiri.
• Kuwedzera chete US pamusika a.
• Kutanga wezvokutengeserana mibatanidzwa nemasangano evanhu.

zvawanikwa izvi akatungamirira hondo pakati North uye South America. The zita akatambira Civic. Izvi reropa nebope pakati vemo akanga asisiri muUnited States.